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Potential applications of lactic acid bacteria and bacteriocins in antimycobacterial therapy

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第8期11卷 453-459页

作者： Anbarasu Sivaraj Revathy Sundar Radhakrishnan Manikkam Krupakar Parthasarathy uma rani Vanaja Kumar Centre for Drug Discovery and Development Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Tuberculosis(TB) is a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis). WHO estimated that 10.4 million new(incident) TB cases worldwide in year 2016. The increased prevalence of drug resistant strains and side effects associated with the current anti-tubercular drugs make the treatment options more complicated. Hence, there are necessities to identify new drug candidates to fight against various sub-populations of M. tuberculosis with less or no toxicity/side effects and shorter treatment duration. Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria(LAB) attract attention of researchers because of its "Generally recognized as safe" status. LAB and its bacteriocins possess an effective antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi. Interestingly bacteriocins such as nisin and lacticin 3147 have shown antimycobacterial activity in vitro. As probiotics, LAB plays a vital role in promoting various health benefits including ability to modulate immune response against various infectious diseases. LAB and its metabolic products activate immune system and thereby limiting the M. tuberculosis pathogenesis. The protein and peptide engineering techniques paved the ways to obtain hybrid bacteriocin derivatives from the known peptide sequence of existing bacteriocin. In this review, we focus on the antimycobacterial property and immunomodulatory role of LAB and its metabolic products. Techniques for large scale synthesis of potential bacteriocin with multifunctional activity and enhanced stability are also discussed.

关键词： Bacteriocin Lactic acid bacteria Antimycobacterial peptides Tuberculosis Immunomodulation Hybrid bacteriocin

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Flat Absorber Phosphorous Black Nickel Coatings for Space Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第2期28卷 118-124页

作者： V.Maria Shalini P.Arockiasamy R.uma rani A.K.Sharma Thermal Systems Group ISRO Satellite CentreVimanapura PostBangalore-560 017India

A new process of flat absorber black nickel alloy coating tion from a bath containing nickel, zinc and ammonium was developed on stainless steel by electrodeposi- sulphates; thiocyanate and sodium hypophosphite for space applications. Coating process was optimized by investigating the effects of plating parameters, viz concentration of bath constituents, current density, temperature, pH and plating time on the optical properties of the black deposits. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the inclusion of about 6% phosphorous in the coating. The scanning electron microscopy studies revealed the amorphous nature of the coating. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and linear polarization （LP） techniques. The results revealed that, phosphorous addition confers better corro- sion resistance in comparison to conventional black nickel coatings. The black nickel coating obtained from hypophosphite bath provides high solar absorptance （αs） and infrared emittance （εIR） of the order of 0.93. Environmental stability to space applications was established by the humidity and thermal cycling tests.

关键词： Phosphorous black nickel alloy Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Linear polarization Solar absorptance Infrared emittance

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全球数字平台劳动者就业研究

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中国劳动 2019年第4期 72-96页

作者： Janine Berg Marianne Furrer Ellie Harmon uma rani M Six Silberman 孟彤国际劳工组织(ILO) 邂逅技术公司(Encountering Tech) 德国金属行业工会(IG Metall) 中国劳动和社会保障科学研究院

国际劳工组织于2015年和2017年开展了两次问卷调查,样本覆盖全球75个国家的3500名劳动者。这些劳动者在全球运作的5家大型微任务平台工作。基于问卷调查结果,本文阐述了劳动者的基本特点及其从事这类工作任务的动机,分析了微任务平台的... 详细信息

国际劳工组织于2015年和2017年开展了两次问卷调查,样本覆盖全球75个国家的3500名劳动者。这些劳动者在全球运作的5家大型微任务平台工作。基于问卷调查结果,本文阐述了劳动者的基本特点及其从事这类工作任务的动机,分析了微任务平台的工作条件,介绍了鼓励平台和平台用户遵守最低标准的做法与实践,并提出了改善数字就业平台工作条件的一系列原则。

关键词：数字就业平台微任务化微任务平台的工作条件众包工人的雇佣状况众包工作外包体面劳动

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FEA-based Geometrical Modification of Switched Reluctance Motor for Radial Force Reduction

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 124-135页

作者： rani S Jayapragash R School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India

Switched reluctance motors(SRMs)are becoming increasingly popular in the automotive sector owing to their robust design.Moreover,SRMs are preferred particularly for EV applications owing to their fault tolerance,magnet-free structure,and high power/torque density.The main concerns of SRM compared to other machines include torque ripple and vibration.The primary cause of vibration is the radial force created by the SRM.A geometry-based modification of the SRM to reduce the radial force without significantly changing the average torque produced is proposed.The primary goal is to design a 4-phase,8/6 SRM with a lower radial force.Two possible geometrical alterations are proposed:one with square windows and the other with circular holes on the rotor core.The windows are sized and positioned to avoid flux saturation.General criteria are developed for the optimal window size and placement.Finite element analysis(FEA)modelling of the SRM is used to validate its performance.The FEA results are compared with the performance parameters obtained using the analytical method.Utilizes the multiphysics design tool ANSYS to obtain the natural frequencies and associated deformations through modal analysis.Compared to the conventional geometry,the radial force is significantly reduced by providing windows.

关键词： 8/6 SRM radial force modal analysis FEA analysis natural frequencies SRM with windows

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Time and Space Efficient Multi-Model Convolution Vision Transformer for Tomato Disease Detection from Leaf Images with Varied Backgrounds

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 117-142页

作者： Ankita Gangwar Vijaypal Singh Dhaka Geeta rani Shrey Khandelwal Ester Zumpano Eugenio Vocaturo Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of IoT and Intelligent Systems Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of Computer Engineering ModellingElectronics and Systems(DIMES)University of CalabriaRende(Cosenza)Italy National Research Council Institute of Nanotechnology(NANOTEC)Rende(Cosenza)Italy

A consumption of 46.9 million tons of processed tomatoes was reported in 2022 which is merely 20%of the total consumption.An increase of 3.3%in consumption is predicted from 2024 to 2032.Tomatoes are also rich in iron,potassium,antioxidant lycopene,vitamins A,C and K which are important for preventing cancer,and maintaining blood pressure and glucose levels.Thus,tomatoes are globally important due to their widespread usage and nutritional value.To face the high demand for tomatoes,it is mandatory to investigate the causes of crop loss and minimize them.Diseases are one of the major causes that adversely affect crop yield and degrade the quality of the tomato fruit.This leads to financial losses and affects the livelihood of farmers.Therefore,automatic disease detection at any stage of the tomato plant is a critical issue.Deep learning models introduced in the literature show promising results,but the models are difficult to implement on handheld devices such as mobile phones due to high computational costs and a large number of parameters.Also,most of the models proposed so far work efficiently for images with plain backgrounds where a clear demarcation exists between the background and leaf region.Moreover,the existing techniques lack in recognizing multiple diseases on the same leaf.To address these concerns,we introduce a customized deep learning-based convolution vision transformer model.Themodel achieves an accuracy of 93.51%for classifying tomato leaf images with plain as well as complex backgrounds into 13 categories.It requires a space storage of merely 5.8 MB which is 98.93%,98.33%,and 92.64%less than stateof-the-art visual geometry group,vision transformers,and convolution vision transformermodels,respectively.Its training time of 44 min is 51.12%,74.12%,and 57.7%lower than the above-mentioned models.Thus,it can be deployed on(Internet of Things)IoT-enabled devices,drones,or mobile devices to assist farmers in the real-time monitoring of tomato crops.The periodicmonitoring promotes timely action to prev

关键词： Tomato disease transformer deep learning mobile devices

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An Insight Survey on Sensor Errors and Fault Detection Techniques in Smart Spaces

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2029-2059页

作者： Sheetal Sharma Kamali Gupta DeepaliGupta Shalli rani Gaurav Dhiman Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityPunjab140401India PG Department of Information Technology Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma CollegeChandigarh160030India Department of Computer Science Government Bikram College of CommercePatialaIndia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon University Centre for Research and Development Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityMohali140413India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun248002India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab144001India

The widespread adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed various sectors globally, making themmore intelligent and connected. However, this advancement comes with challenges related to the effectiveness ofIoT devices. These devices, present in offices, homes, industries, and more, need constant monitoring to ensuretheir proper functionality. The success of smart systems relies on their seamless operation and ability to handlefaults. Sensors, crucial components of these systems, gather data and contribute to their functionality. Therefore,sensor faults can compromise the system’s reliability and undermine the trustworthiness of smart environments.To address these concerns, various techniques and algorithms can be employed to enhance the performance ofIoT devices through effective fault detection. This paper conducted a thorough review of the existing literature andconducted a detailed analysis.This analysis effectively links sensor errors with a prominent fault detection techniquecapable of addressing them. This study is innovative because it paves theway for future researchers to explore errorsthat have not yet been tackled by existing fault detection methods. Significant, the paper, also highlights essentialfactors for selecting and adopting fault detection techniques, as well as the characteristics of datasets and theircorresponding recommended techniques. Additionally, the paper presents amethodical overview of fault detectiontechniques employed in smart devices, including themetrics used for evaluation. Furthermore, the paper examinesthe body of academic work related to sensor faults and fault detection techniques within the domain. This reflectsthe growing inclination and scholarly attention of researchers and academicians toward strategies for fault detectionwithin the realm of the Internet of Things.

关键词： Error fault detection techniques sensor faults outliers Internet of Things

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umami taste components in chicken-spices blends and potential effect of aroma on umami taste intensity

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1220-1230页

作者： rani Andaleeb Yiwen Zhu Ninglong Zhang Danni Zhang Muzahir Hussain Yin Zhang Yingshuang Lu Yuan Liu Department of Food Science&Technology School of Agriculture&BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China MoBioFood Research Group Department of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversitat Rovirai VirgiliTarragona 43007Spain Animal Nutrition Institut de Recercai Tecnologia Agroalimentàries(IRTA)Centre Mas BovéConstantí43120Spain Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

In this study,umami taste intensity(UTI)and umami taste components in chicken breast(CB)and chickenspices blends were characterized using sensory and instrumental analysis.Our main objective was to assess the aroma-umami taste interactions in different food matrices and reconcile the aroma-taste perception to assist future product development.The impact of key aroma,including vegetable-note"2-pentylfuran",meaty"methional",green"hexanal",and spicy-note-estragole and caryophyllene"on UTI was evaluated in monosodium glutamate and chicken extract.We found that spices significantly decreased UTI and umami taste components in CB.Interestingly,the perceptually similar odorants and tastants exhibited the potential to enhance UTI in food matrices.Methional was able to increase the UTI,whereas spicy and green-note components could reduce the UTI significantly.This information would be valuable to food engineers and formulators in aroma selection to control the UTI perceived by consumers,thus,improving the quality and acceptability of the chicken products.

关键词： Chicken-spices blends umami taste components Aroma-taste interactions Perceptual similarity umami taste intensity

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A Case Report of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis with Associated Opportunistic Infection of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Molluscum Contagiosum

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 68-71页

作者： Sapna Patel Deepika Gurumurthy Smitha rani Sheela Devi Department of Pathology JSSAHERMysoreKarnatakaIndia2Department of Forensic MedicineJSSAHERMysoreKarnatakaIndia

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP)is an idiopathic rare diffuse pulmonary disease,first described in 1958 by Rosen et al.Its estimated prevalence is about 1 in 3.7-6.9×10^(6) with a male:female ratio of 1:1-2:1.Majority of the patient’s age ranges between 20 and 50 years.PAP on microscopy is characterized by the presence of massive insoluble,amorphous,phospholipid-rich protein deposits in the bronchial and alveolar cavities.Most patients with acquired PAP present with cough and exertional dyspnea.It has been studied that there is increased risk of superinfection in PAP with opportunistic organisms like pneumocystis and vice versa.Definitive diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia rests on the demonstration of the organism within the alveoli by special stains like Grocott Methenamine Silver stain.Molluscum contagiosum(MC)is a common superficial skin infection caused by the poxvirus.MC is characterized by painless papules commonly seen in children and immunocompromised individuals.Here,we present a 34-year-old female who had complaints of severe difficulty in breathing and was brought dead to our hospital.On external examination,she had multiple warts over chest,abdomen,and over genitalia.Internal examination was unremarkable.Specimens of kidney,lung,and skin biopsy of genital warts sent for histopathological examination revealed acute tubular necrosis,P.jirovecii with PAP,and MC respectively.

关键词： Bronchoalveolar lavage molluscum contagiosum Pneumocystis jirovecii pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

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Federated Learning on Internet of Things:Extensive and Systematic Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1795-1834页

作者： Meenakshi Aggarwal Vikas Khullar Sunita rani Thomas AndréProla Shyama Barna Bhattacharjee Sarowar Morshed Shawon Nitin Goyal Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Department of CSE&IT BPS Mahila VishwavidyalayaKhanpur KalanSonipatHaryana131305India Engineering Research&Innovation Group Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaAreciboPR00613USA Department of Project Management Universidade Internacional do CuanzaEstrada Nacional 250Bairro KaluapandaCuito-BiéAngola Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Deptartment of EEE University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendragarhHaryana123031India

The proliferation of IoT devices requires innovative approaches to gaining insights while preserving privacy and resources amid unprecedented data generation.However,FL development for IoT is still in its infancy and needs to be explored in various areas to understand the key challenges for deployment in real-world scenarios.The paper systematically reviewed the available literature using the PRISMA guiding principle.The study aims to provide a detailed overview of the increasing use of FL in IoT networks,including the architecture and challenges.A systematic review approach is used to collect,categorize and analyze FL-IoT-based articles.Asearch was performed in the IEEE,Elsevier,Arxiv,ACM,and WOS databases and 92 articles were finally examined.Inclusion measures were published in English and with the keywords“FL”and“IoT”.The methodology begins with an overview of recent advances in FL and the IoT,followed by a discussion of how these two technologies can be integrated.To be more specific,we examine and evaluate the capabilities of FL by talking about communication protocols,frameworks and architecture.We then present a comprehensive analysis of the use of FL in a number of key IoT applications,including smart healthcare,smart transportation,smart cities,smart industry,smart finance,and smart agriculture.The key findings from this analysis of FL IoT services and applications are also presented.Finally,we performed a comparative analysis with FL IID(independent and identical data)and non-ID,traditional centralized deep learning(DL)approaches.We concluded that FL has better performance,especially in terms of privacy protection and resource utilization.FL is excellent for preserving privacy becausemodel training takes place on individual devices or edge nodes,eliminating the need for centralized data aggregation,which poses significant privacy risks.To facilitate development in this rapidly evolving field,the insights presented are intended to help practitioners and researchers navigate the complex terrain of FL and

关键词： Internet of Things federated learning PRISMA framework of FL applications of FL data privacy communication

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Repercussion of salinity on hematological parameters and tissue morphology of gill and kidney at early life of tilapia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 256-264页

作者： Azhar Ali Md Golam Azom Bhakta Supratim Sarker Hasu rani Md Samsul Alam m.sadiqul islam*department of fisheries biology and genetics bangladesh agricultural universitymymensingh2202bangladesh

This study was attempted to reveal the changes in three hematological parameters such as blood hemoglobin,number of white blood cells(WBCs)and number of red blood cells(RBCs)and one biochemical(e.g.,glucose)parameter along with the changes in histomorphological structures of gills and kidney of Nile tilapia fry reared in saline water.Two experimental set up were used for two different age groups-5 days-after-hatch(5DAH)and 15 days-after-hatch(15DAH)-to test a novel hypothesis:if a little difference in the age during the first exposure to saline water could produce any variation in the results.They were placed into 6 plastic drums having six different salinity levels:0,5,10,15,20 and 25.After 60 days,at least 5 individuals were taken out from each drum to observe the above-hematological and histomorphological parameters.A two-way-ANOVA revealed that,except for hemoglobin,all the observed parameters have been affected the effect of age×salinity interaction(P<0.05).Between the two age groups,only the overall average glucose value and RBC count were significantly different.Among various salinity levels,only RBC and WBC counts differed significantly.Further,the mean glucose value,RBC counts and WBC count at different salinities differed significantly from the base mean value of each parameter.With regard to the histomorphological structure of the gills and kidney,various malformations were evident.Though hypertrophy,epithelial uplifting and epithelial necrosis were present as gill degenerations,hyperplasia was prevalent across almost all salinity levels.On the other hand,glomerular necrosis,pyknotic nucleus,hyaline droplets degeneration,shrinking of the glomeruli,etc.were observed in kidney structures.By assisting to understand the effects of salinity stress,all these data on tilapia fry will help to determine the prospects and scope of culturing the species in high-salinity water.

关键词： Nile tilapia Salinity Blood parameters Histomorphology Age groups

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