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Calcitriol analog ZK191784 ameliorates acute and chronic dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by modulation of intestinal dendritic cell numbers and phenotype

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第48期13卷 6529-6537页

作者： ulrike G Strauch Florian Obermeier Nicole Grunwald Nadja Dunger Heiko C Rath Jürgen Schlmerich A Steinmeyer U Zügel HH Herfarth Department of Internal MedicineⅠ University of Regensburg Medicinal Chemistry Schering AG Berlin Germany Research Business Area Dermatology Schering AG Berlin Germany

AIM: To investigate the effects of ZK1916784, a low calcemic analog of calcitriol on intestinal inflammation. METHODS: Acute and chronic colitis was induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) according to standard procedures. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with ZK1916784 or placebo and colonic inflammation was evaluated. Cytokine production by mesenterial lymph node (MLN) cells was measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) within the colonic tissue, and the effect of the calcitriol analog on DCs was investigated. RESULTS: Treatment with ZK191784 resulted in significant amelioration of disease with a reduced histological score in acute and chronic intestinal inflammation. In animals with acute DSS colitis, down- regulation of colonic inflammation was associated with a dramatic reduction in the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ and a significant increase in intereleukin (IL)-10 by MLN cells. Similarly, in chronic colitis, IL-10 expression in colonic tissue increased 1.4-fold when mice were treated with ZK191784, whereas expression of the Th1-specific transcription factor T-beta decreased by 81.6%. Lower numbers of infiltrating activated CD11c+ DCs were found in the colon in ZK191784-treated mice with acute DSScolitis, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by primary mucosal DCs was inhibited in the presence of the calcitriol analog. CONCLUSION: The calcitriol analog ZK191784 demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory properties in experimental colitis that were at least partially mediated by the immunosuppressive effects of the derivate on mucosal DCs.

关键词： Dextran sodium sulfate colitis Calcitriol Colonic inflammation Dendritic cells

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Social Networking With a Purpose

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2012年第8期8卷 1246-1253页

作者： Ludwig Christian Schaupp ulrike Margarethe Schaupp West Virginia University West Virginia USA

Online dating sites are growing steadily in popularity, despite challenging economic times. In addition, online dating sites are facing increasing competition for their services from free social networking sites. Despite these harsh economic times and the increasing competition, online dating websites have continued to increase in popularity. This growth justifies the need to better understand how these volitional and paid websites have been so successful. By addressing the call for research in emergent information systems （IS） contexts, this study proposes a theoretical framework for investigation in a purely volitional website context. A framework based on the DeLone and McLean＇s IS success model is developed. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

关键词： information systems (IS) success information technology (IT) adoption website success online dating

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Papyrus, Forest Resources and Rural Livelihoods: A Village Computable General Equilibrium Analysis from Northern Zambia

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Natural Resources 2018年第6期9卷 268-296页

作者： Steven Gronau Etti Winter ulrike Grote Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover Germany

Papyrus is increasingly suggested as an alternative bioenergy source to reduce the pressure on forest ecosystems. However, there are few studies on the economic viability of papyrus wetlands and the benefits for local communities. We construct a village Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to examine whether papyrus harvesting and processing has the potential to improve local livelihoods and simultaneously counteract pressure on local forest resources. We apply the CGE model to a village in northern Zambia where overexploitation of forest resources to produce energy from firewood and charcoal poses a serious problem. The analysis is based on survey data?from 105 households collected in 2015. The model results show that papyrus briquetting would be a possible?alternative biofuel and that this technology improves household income and utility through?labor?reallocations. Higher opportunity costs lead to households switching from firewood extraction and charcoal production activities to papyrus harvesting and processing to produce bioenergy. Replacing energy supplies from firewood and charcoal with papyrus briquettes results in substitution effects between forest land and wetland and thereby reduces the pressure on local forest resources. The CGE approach allows for an economy-wide ex-ante analysis at village level and can support management decisions to ensure the success of papyrus bioenergy interventions.

关键词： Papyrus Bioenergy Forest Resources Village Computable General Equilibrium Model

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Lightbook : the practice of lighting design

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2001年

作者： Brandi ulrike 1957-

Translate title: 照明手册255 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. + 1 CD

ISBN: (纸本)3764363029;3764363037

Translate title: 照明手册255 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. + 1 CD

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Introduction To English Phonetics And Phonology (Textbooks In English Language And Linguistics (Tell))

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2009年

作者： ulrike Gut

Includes bibliographical references (p. [207]-216) and index.

ISBN: (纸本)9783631566152

Includes bibliographical references (p. [207]-216) and index.

关键词： English language

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Phenylboronic acid modified mucoadhesive nanoparticle drug carriers facilitate weekly treatment of experimentally- induced dry eye syndrome

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Nano Research 2015年第2期8卷 621-635页

作者： Shengyan Liu Chu Ning Chang Mohit S. Verma Denise Hileeto Alex Muntz ulrike Stahl Jill Woods LyndonW. Jones Frank X. Gu Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L3G1 Canada Centre for Contact Lens Research University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L3G1 Canada

Topical formulations, commonly applied for treatment of anterior eye diseases, require frequent administration due to rapid clearance from the ocular surface, typically through the lacrimal drainage system or through over-spillage onto the lids. We report on a mucoadhesive nanoparticle drug delivery system that may be used to prolong the precorneal residence time of encapsulated drugs. The nanoparticles were formed from self-assembly of block copolymers composed of poly（D, L-lactide） and Dextran. The enhanced mucoadhesion properties were achieved by surface functionalizing the nanoparticles with phenylboronic acid. The nanoparticles encapsulated up to 12 wt.% of Cyclosporine A （CycA） and sustained the release for up to five days at a clinically relevant dose, which led us to explore the therapeutic efficacy of the formulation with reduced administration frequency. By administering CycA-loaded nanoparticles to dry eye-induced mice once a week, inflammatory infiltrates were eliminated and the ocular surface completely recovered. The same once a week dosage of the nanoparticles also showed no signs of physical irritation or inflammatory responses in acute （1 week） and chronic （12 weeks） studies in healthy rabbit eyes. These findings indicate that the nanoparticles may significantly reduce the frequency of administration for effective treatment of anterior eye diseases without causing ocular irritation.

关键词： biocompatibility copolymer mucoadhesion nanoparticle drug delivery ophthalmology

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Maar Conference

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Episodes 2005年第3期28卷 212-214页

作者： ulrike Martin Dr. Karoly Nemeth Wuerzburg GERMANY Geological Institute of Hungary Department of Mapping （Volcanology Projects）14 Stefania St. Budapest H-1143 HUNGARY

Maars are small-volume volcanoes that are the second most common volcanic landforms on Earth. Maar volcanoes have characteristically wide and deep craters, commonly referred to as‘bole-in-the-ground＇ features （see Figure 1）. Magma and water explosive interaction is considered to be the main driving force that causes their creation. The sudden formation of steam during magma and water interaction produces a steam explosion that disrupts the country rocks and creates a mass deficit in and around the explosion centre,which leads to the formation of a collapse crater. Because the formation of maars is driven by the interaction of ground water and uprising melt, after the collapse of the crater, ground water inflow quickly fills the voleanic depression and creates a deep crater lake. Maar lakes are steep sided, often surrounded by unstable steep tephra cliffs that can erode into the lake quickly.

关键词：火山口地质工作国际会议行业管理技术交流

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Pathologic Alterations of Canine and Feline Adrenal Glands

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Open Journal of Pathology 2016年第3期6卷 140-153页

作者： Nadja Herbach Kirstin Wiele ulrike Konietschke Walter Hermanns Institute of Veterinary Pathology Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and age-dependency of adrenal changes in dogs and cats, which were dissected between 2004 and 2006 at the Institute of Veterinary Pathology, LMU Munich. The adrenal glands of 101 dogs and 159 cats were dissected free from adjacent tissue, weighed, lamellated perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and were embedded in paraffin and plastic for histologic inspection. Ageing cats most frequently showed accessory cortical nodules in the capsule, cortex and medulla, pigment deposition and shock bodies. The appearance of accessory cortical nodules and pigment deposition were linked to the age of the cats and that of shock bodies was linked to infectious diseases. Inflammatory alterations were rare and neoplastic changes were not observed. In dogs, the most frequent alterations were accessory cortical nodules in the capsule, cortex and medulla and circulatory disturbances and there was a significant linkage of the appearance of cortical nodules and pigment deposition and age. Metabolic, inflammatory and tumorous diseases were rarely observed in the dogs examined. In summary, cats and dogs show similar incidental alterations of the adrenals. Clinical relevant adrenal lesions such as atrophy or primary neoplasia were rarely diagnosed.

关键词： Adrenal Histology Dog Cat

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中国旅游发展笔谈——旅游信息技术研究前沿

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旅游学刊 2020年第1期35卷 1-3页

作者： ulrike GRETZEL 向征(译) 丁于思(校) USC Center for Public Relations Annenberg School of Communication&JournalismUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA 不详

信息技术与旅游的关系正在成为旅游研究中的热门话题。认识和厘清这个关系面临着两个主要挑战:一方面,旅游本身是庞大芜杂的行业,也是复杂的社会、经济和文化现象;另一方面,信息技术日新月异,对科研人员来说,是一个"移动的目标"。因此,... 详细信息

信息技术与旅游的关系正在成为旅游研究中的热门话题。认识和厘清这个关系面临着两个主要挑战:一方面,旅游本身是庞大芜杂的行业,也是复杂的社会、经济和文化现象;另一方面,信息技术日新月异,对科研人员来说,是一个"移动的目标"。因此,如何把握信息技术和旅游的重要结合点,既体现旅游的本质和特征,又反映时代脉搏和对未来的展望,值得旅游科研工作者深思。

关键词：旅游信息研究前沿科研工作者

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Therapy-Induced Changes of Gene Expression in a Matched Pair of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Cell Lines

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第4期3卷 442-451页

作者： Gerhard Hamilton Ernst Ulsperger Klaus Geissler ulrike Olszewski Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology Vienna Austria

Extended stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) responds to platinum/vepeside-based first-line chemotherapy but relapses early as drug-resistant tumor associated with a dismal prognosis. A pair of SCLC cell lines obtained from a single patient at different time points during treatment allows for the investigation of the changes in gene expression prior to (GLC14) and following cycles of chemotherapy and irradiation (GLC19). GLC19 cells were reported to reveal an increased doubling time and exhibit increased chemoresistance to doxorubicin, etoposide, melphalan and vinblastine. Upregulated transcripts in GLC19, as assessed by microarray analysis, comprised proteins involved in regulation of cellular growth (NGFRAP1/BEX3), adhesion, glutathione metabolism and, in particular, WNT/Notch pathways and the putative cancer stem cell phenotype (CD44, ALDH1A1, and AKR1C1/13). Metallothioneins, tubulins TUBA3/4 and tumor protein p53 inducible protein 11 (TP53IP11) were downregulated in this cell line compared to GLC14. Except increased expression of glutathione transferases no classical markers of chemoresistance were found, pointing to a role of altered growth control/differentiation and reduced accessibility of this SCLC tumor cells growing as multicellular spheroids. In conclusion, treatment of this single SCLC with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide (CDE) followed by radiotherapy ultimately resulted in an enrichment of tumor cells displaying the typical signature of tumor-initiating or cancer stem cells (CIC/CSC).

关键词： Small Cell Lung Cancer GLC14 GLC19 Chemotherapy Chemoresistance Gene Expression Cancer-Initiating Cells

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