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Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease:A metagenomic,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomic-based study

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1572-1587页

作者： Shi-Ju Chen Da-Ya Zhang Xia Wu fa-Ming Zhang Bo-Ta Cui Yi-Hao Huang Zu-Lun Zhang Rui Wang Fei-Hu Bai Graduate School Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina Department of Microbiota Medicine&Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570216Hainan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical ***,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been *** To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to *** We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical *** CD patients underwent *** clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the *** Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months *** microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical *** of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia *** addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the ***,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after *** WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s ***-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Clinical trials Fecal microbiota transplant Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome

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Treatment of anastomotic stricture after rectal cancer operation by magnetic compression technique:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1443-1448页

作者： Miao-Miao Zhang Huan-Chen Sha Hai-Rong Xue Yuan-fa Qin fang-fang Dong Li Zhang Yi Lyu Xiao-Peng Yan Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUNDThe treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis(AS)after resection of colorectalcancer is *** balloon dilation is used to treat stenosisin such cases,but some patients do not show improvement even after multipleballoon *** compression technique(MCT)has been used for gastrointestinalanastomosis,but its use for the treatment of postoperative AS aftercolorectal cancer surgery has rarely been *** SUMMARYWe report a 72-year-old man who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancerand ileostomy one year *** ileostomy closure was prepared six months ago,but colonoscopy revealed a narrowing of the rectal *** balloondilation was performed three times,but colonoscopy showed no significantimprovement in *** AS was successfully treated using *** is a minimally invasive method that can be used for the treatment of postoperativeAS after colorectal cancer surgery.

关键词： Rectostenosis Magnetic surgery Magnetic Surgery Clinic Rectal cancer Magnetic compression technique Case report

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Characteristics and origin of low-organicmatter carbonate source rocks in the Middle-Upper Ordovician, Tarim Basin, northwestern China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 594-619页

作者： Jun-Qing Chen Fu-Jie Jiang Xiong-Qi Pang Hai-Jun Yang Kan-Yuan Shi Bo Pang Hong Pang Jian-fa Chen Zhuo-Heng Chen Xin-Gang Zhang Song Wu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Basic Research Center for Energy Interdisciplinary College of ScienceChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Tarim Oilfield CompanyKorla 841000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources CanadaCalgary T2L 2A7Canada

The continually-discovered large volumes of marine hydrocarbons indicate a huge exploration potential within the carbonate rocks of Ordovician in the Tarim Basin,northwestern *** Middle-Upper Ordovician(O2+3)carbonate source rocks are at a highly mature *** rocks presently contain a low amount of total organic carbon(TOC_(pd)≤0.5%)(TOC_(pd) means the present-day TOC).A mass balance approach is used to identify the source rocks that have expelled *** characteristics and origin of hydrocarbon expulsion from low-TOC_(pd) source rocks are studied,which are significant for oil exploration in the *** results showed that a low-TOC_(pd) O2+3 source rock having expelled hydrocarbons was type I and had a very narrow oil *** a high rock maturity and a high original TOC(TOCo)value exceeding 1%,nearly 80%of the generated hydrocarbons were *** content of gammacerane and C28 steranes in the oil and source rock extracts were relatively lean,with a V-shaped distribution of regular steranes,suggesting a possible genetic relation between the low-TOC_(pd) source rocks and the marine oil in the Tabei *** planktonic algae or acritarchs were the main hydrocarbon parent materials,distributed in the subsiding platform-slope *** matter was preserved under reducing conditions,and source rocks were formed with a favorable kerogen type and a moderate hydrocarbon generation *** study illustrates the hydrocarbon expulsion of low TOC_(pd) source rocks in northern Tarim Basin,which is greatly significant for analyzing the genesis of marine crude oil in Tarim Basin,and evaluating the distribution of marine source *** research method is theoretically significant for oil and gas exploration in the same type of highlymature carbonate paleobasins.

关键词： Carbonate source rock Mass balance approach Present-day TOC Genesis mechanism Tarim Basin

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Continuous gradient fusion class activation mapping: segmentation of laser-induced damage on large-aperture optics in dark-field images

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 30-41页

作者： Yueyue Han Yingyan Huang Hangcheng Dong Fengdong Chen fa Zeng Zhitao Peng Qihua Zhu Guodong Liu School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Research Center of Laser Fusion China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyangChina

Segmenting dark-field images of laser-induced damage on large-aperture optics in high-power laser facilities is challenged by complicated damage morphology, uneven illumination and stray light interference. Fully supervised semantic segmentation algorithms have achieved state-of-the-art performance but rely on a large number of pixel-level labels, which are time-consuming and labor-consuming to produce. LayerCAM, an advanced weakly supervised semantic segmentation algorithm, can generate pixel-accurate results using only image-level labels, but its scattered and partially underactivated class activation regions degrade segmentation performance. In this paper, we propose a weakly supervised semantic segmentation method, continuous gradient class activation mapping(CAM) and its nonlinear multiscale fusion(continuous gradient fusion CAM). The method redesigns backpropagating gradients and nonlinearly activates multiscale fused heatmaps to generate more fine-grained class activation maps with an appropriate activation degree for different damage site sizes. Experiments on our dataset show that the proposed method can achieve segmentation performance comparable to that of fully supervised algorithms.

关键词： class activation maps laser-induced damage semantic segmentation weakly supervised learning

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection attributed to cat contact:A case report in Beijing,China

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 513-515页

作者： Shuo Zhang Yu Leng fa-Xue Zhang Bo-Kang Fu Bing-Zheng Wu Jia-Hao Chen Ning Cui Ning Zhao Wei Liu Hao Li College of Life Sciences Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious DiseasesBeijing100071China School of Public Health Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei230022China Xinyang 154 Hospital Xinyang464000China

Dear Editor,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus called SFTS virus(SFTSV).It was initially identified in China in 2009(Yu et al.,2011).Since then,the number of reported SFTS cases has rapidly increased in China,South Korea,and Japan(Li,et al.,2018;Takahashi et al.,2014;Kim et al.,2018).Sporadic SFTS cases have also been identified in several other Asian countries,such as Vietnam,Pakistan,Myanmar,and Thailand(Takahashi et al.,2014;Tran et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021).This disease is recognized as a highly lethal viral hemorrhagic fever with a mortality rate ranging from 12%to 50%(Yu et al.,2011;Li et al.,2018;Takahashi et al.,2014;Kim et al.,2013).SFTS primarily spreads to humans through bites from ticks infected with SFTSV,with the Haemaphysalis longicornis tick acting as the predominant vector for SFTSV(Zhuang et al.,2018).

关键词： attributed initially predominant

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NLRP3 activation in macrophages promotes acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 153-164页

作者： Bo Shi Cheng-Jie Lyu Zhen-Kai Le Hao-Sen Ji Yi Xiao Yuan-Yuan Zhang Shou-Jiang Huang Lin-Jun Yu Qiang Shu Jin-fa Tou Deng-Ming Lai Department of Neonatal Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Pulmonology Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China

Background Macrophages are involved in various immune inflammatory disease *** study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of macrophages in regulating acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods CD68,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3),cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1(caspase-1),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in paraffin sections of intestinal tissues from NEC and control patients were detected with immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and western *** pet milk,hypoxia and cold stimulation were used to establish a mouse(wild type and Nlrp3^(-/-))model of *** mouse macrophage(RAW 264.7)and rat intestinal epithelial cell-6 lines were also cultured followed by various ***,intestinal epithelial cell injuries,and IL-1β release were *** Compared to the gut“healthy”patients,the intestinal lamina propria of NEC patients had high macrophage infiltration and high NLRP3,caspase-1,and IL-1β ***,in vivo,the survival rate of Nlrp3^(-/-)NEC mice was dramatically improved,the proportion of intestinal macrophages was reduced,and intestinal injury was decreased compared to those of wild-type NEC ***3,caspase-1,and IL-1β derived from macrophages or supernatant from cocultures of macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells also caused intestinal epithelial cell *** Macrophage activation may be essential for NEC ***3/caspase-1/IL-1β cellular signals derived from macrophages may be the underlying mechanism of NEC development,and all these may be therapeutic targets for developing treatments for NEC.

关键词： Caspase-1 Interleukin-1β Macrophage Necrotizing enterocolitis NLRP3

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Roles of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in pathological changes of hip dysplasia and hip reconstructive surgery

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 390-399页

作者： Can Liu Zheng Xu Jian-fa Zeng Zhen-Qi Song Yu-Yin Xie Zhong-Wen Tang Jie Wen Sheng Xiao Department of Anatomy Hunan Normal University School of MedicineChangsha 410003Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Orthopedics Hunan Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013Hunan ProvinceChina

Combined femoral and acetabular anteversion is the sum of femoral and acetabular anteversion,representing their morphological relationship in the axial *** with the increasing understanding of hip dysplasia in recent years,numerous scholars have confirmed the role of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in the pathological changes of hip *** present,the reconstructive surgery for hip dysplasia includes total hip replacement and redirectional hip preservation *** an important surgery index,combined femoral and acetabular anteversion have a crucial role in these ***,we discuss the role of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in pathological changes of hip dysplasia,total hip replacement,and redirectional hip preservation surgery.

关键词： Combined anteversion Femoral anteversion Acetabular anteversion Hip dysplasia Hip preservation surgery Total hip replacement

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论自然主义道德责任问题的困境——对功能规范型归责理论的再思考

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哲学分析 2024年第5期15卷 109-121,198,199页

作者：虞法湖南大学马克思主义学院

基于自然化的“功能”概念来处理道德责任问题是颇为切合当代主流世界观的一种进路。沿着这一思路,晓非就“否决功能如何说明自主行为中的自由感”“如何基于功能式同一性标准应对操纵难题”与“‘功能规范型’模型如何说明道德归责的... 详细信息

基于自然化的“功能”概念来处理道德责任问题是颇为切合当代主流世界观的一种进路。沿着这一思路,晓非就“否决功能如何说明自主行为中的自由感”“如何基于功能式同一性标准应对操纵难题”与“‘功能规范型’模型如何说明道德归责的规范性”等问题展开了颇有新意的探讨。围绕这三个主题,还需要进一步探讨以下观点:升级版的否决功能假说本身存在着削弱自由感的风险;借助功能同一性标准的思路切中了操纵难题的一个当代启示,即公正的归责需要清晰锁定表面行动背后的核心决策来源;当前版本的“功能规范型”归责理论尚未彻底摆脱实用主义困境。

关键词：道德责任自由感操纵难题功能规范型归责理论

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Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pancreas

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第30期12卷 6349-6352页

作者： Li Lang fa-Kun Yu Li-Min Kang Department of Outpatient Puer People's HospitalPuer 665000Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Puer People's HospitalPuer 665000Yunnan ProvinceChina

Heterotopic pancreas,a rare congenital malformation,manifests outside the normal *** suggests that abnormal embryonic development is linked to the presence of heterotopic *** prevailing theories explain its mechanism:Dislocation theory,metaplasia theory,and totipotent stem cell *** presentations of heterotopic pancreas are often nonspecific,with most patients being asymptomatic and incidentally discovered during unrelated surgeries or *** ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging are commonly employed diagnostic tools for heterotopic ***,the accuracy of diagnosis based on these methods is not consistently high,necessitating histopathological confirmation in many *** options for heterotopic pancreas typically involve endoscopic resection,surgical resection,or observation through follow-up.

关键词： Heterotopic pancreas Ultrasound endoscopy Enhanced computed tomography Endoscopic therapy Surgery

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Effective time, correction speed and termination time of hemiepiphysiodesis in children

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 1-10页

作者： Jian-fa Zeng Yu-Yin Xie Can Liu Zhen-Qi Song Zheng Xu Zhong-Wen Tang Jie Wen Sheng Xiao Department of Pediatric Orthopedics Hunan Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Anatomy Hunan Normal University school of MedicineChangsha 410003Hunan ProvinceChina

In children with asymmetric growth on the medial and lateral side of limbs,if there still remains growth potential,the guided growth technique of hemiepiphysiodesis on one side of the epiphysis is recognized as a safe and effective ***,when the hemi-epiphysiodesis start to correct the deformities,how many degrees could hemi-epiphysiodesis bring every month and when to remove the hemi-epiphysiodesis implant without rebound phenomenon are still on *** article reviews the current studies focus on the effective time,correction speed and termination time of hemi-epiphysiodesis.

关键词： Hemi-epiphysiodesis Percutaneous epiphysiodesis Transphyseal screws Eight plate

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