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A new inclination-based method to evaluate the global geomagnetic configuration and axial dipole moment

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第4期6卷 359-365页

作者： KaiHua Xu Fei He Yong Wei ross N.Mitchell Si Chen YuQi Wang ZhaoJin Rong Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

The strength and configuration of the geomagnetic field control the average shape of the *** pure dipole assumption and the virtual dipole moment(VDM),determined by individual records,have been widely adopted to evaluate the strength of the geomagnetic field in geological ***,such an assumption might not be valid during geomagnetic transitions,such as reversals and *** traditional spherical harmonic modeling of the geomagnetic field could be difficult to implement because accurate global records are ***,we report that an empirical relationship exists between the ratio of the VDM to the true axial dipole moment(VDM/ADM)and the ratio of the power of the axial dipole to that of the non-axial dipole(AD/NAD)based on a new method utilizing globally distributed inclination *** root mean square global deviation of inclination(RMSΔI)to the standard inclination distribution of the AD was fitted to the AD/NAD with a cubic polynomial by utilizing a large number of geodynamo *** with geomagnetic field models showed that the AD/NAD derived from the RMSΔI agreed well with that calculated by using the Gauss coefficients,and the estimated ADM was consistent with the true ***,the application of volcanic records during the Laschamp excursion showed the VDM might overestimate the ADM by a factor of *** new method will be useful in future studies that characterize the configuration of the geomagnetic field and the strength of the axial dipole.

关键词： axial dipole magnetic inclination virtual dipole moment

Preoperative bowel preparation does not favor the management of colorectal anastomotic leak

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第4期11卷 218-228页

作者： Konstantinos A Zorbas Daohai Yu Aruj Choudhry Howard M ross Matthew Philp Department of Surgery BronxCare Health System Department of Surgery Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Department of Clinical Sciences Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University

BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding the impact of preoperative bowel preparation on patients undergoing colorectal surgery. This is due to previous research studies,which fail to demonstrate protective effects of mechanical bowel preparation against postoperative complications. However, in recent studies, combination therapy with oral antibiotics(OAB) and mechanical bowel preparation seems to be beneficial for patients undergoing an elective colorectal *** To determine the association between preoperative bowel preparation and postoperative anastomotic leak management(surgical vs non-surgical).METHODS Patients with anastomotic leak after colorectal surgery were identified from the 2013 and 2014 Colectomy Targeted American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(ACS-NSQIP) database and were employed for analysis. Every patient was assigned to one of three following groups based on the type of preoperative bowel preparation: first groupmechanical bowel preparation in combination with OAB, second groupmechanical bowel preparation alone, and third group-no *** A total of 652 patients had anastomotic leak after a colectomy from January 1,2013 through December 31, 2014. Baseline characteristics were assessed and found that there were no statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of age, gender, race, American Society of Anesthesiologists score,and other preoperative characteristics. A χ~2 test of homogeneity was conducted and there was no statistically/clinically significant difference between the three categories of bowel preparation in terms of *** The implementation of mechanical bowel preparation and antibiotic use in patients who are going to undergo a colon resection does not influence the treatment of any possible anastomotic leakage.

关键词： Preoperative bowel preparation Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation Preoperative oral antibiotics Colorectal anastomotic leak Anastomotic leak Bowel preparation Colorectal surgery National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

Masters of landscape photography

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Masters of landscape photography

Effects of fertilization and herbicides on growth of young loblolly pine and infestations of Nantucket pine tip moth（Lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

作者： consultant editor ross Hoddinott.

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Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 367-374页

作者： WILLIAM G. ross DAVID L. KULHAVY JIANG-HUA SUN School of Forestry Louisiana Tech University Ruston Louisiana Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches Texas USA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A 2-year-old pine plantation was selected to receive treatments of fertilizers and herbicides to evaluate effects on Nantucket pine tip moth infestations and the tree growth parameters of height, diameter and volume increment. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and hexazinone and sulfometuron methyl herbicides were used in creating six treatments：（i） control; （ii） phosphorus; （iii） nitrogen and phosphorus; （iv） phosphorus and herbicide; （v） nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide; and （vi） herbicide. Treatments were applied in 1987 and 1988. In 1987, trees treated with nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide had significantly greater height, diameter and volume growth than trees not receiving fertilizer treatments, but did not have significantly higher tip moth infestations than control trees. Treatments receiving phosphorus only had much lower tip moth infestation rates than other treatments except nitrogen and phosphorus. In 1988, tip moth infestations were uniformly low, with no differences in treatment effects observed.

关键词： fertilizers herbicides infestation rates Nantucket pine tip moth nitrogen phosphorus

Effect of an Environmental Contaminant, Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate, on the Blood Pressure of the Mallard

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1992年第4期5卷 314-320页

作者： ross E.JONES KATHY S.HOWELL ROBERTK.RINGER DVM 8424 S. Kings Cove Dr. Salt Lake CityMichigan State University DABT Texas Instruments P.O. Box 655303 M/S 8308 Dallas TX 75265 UT 84121 E. Lansing MI 48824

During a toxicological test using diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) on mallards, an anaesthesia-like response was noted after oral dosing. In order to further elucidate these effects, arterial blood pressures were determined both pre-and post-dosing on adit male and female mallards by cannulation of the left carotid artery. A significant decrease in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure was noted after the oral administration of DIMP. There was no significant difference in response between males and females. During the first 30 min after dosing, systolic pressure fell from an average of 158 mmHg, to 94 mmHg, diastolic decreased from 127 mmHg to 63 mmHg, and mean blood pressure dropped from 138 mmHg to 75 mmHg. However, there was no significant effect on pulse pressure, heart rate, or respiratory rate. These results are compared to physiological data cited in the literature for various CNS-acting drugs on mallards.

关键词： on the Blood Pressure of the Mallard Effect of an Environmental Contaminant Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate

c-MET immunohistochemical expression in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease associated lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1338-1346页

作者： Grant Halliday ross J Porter Catherine J Black Mark J Arends Shahida Din Department of Pathology Western General HospitalNHS LothianScotland EH42XUUnited Kingdom Centre for Inflammation Research Queen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Western General HospitalNHS LothianEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre Institute of Cancer&GeneticsWestern General HospitalUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(CRC)rates for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are unacceptably *** colonoscopy,an intravenous fluorescent anti-c-MET probe may improve endoscopic detection of ***,c-MET expression in IBD lesions is poorly defined,limiting translational *** To comprehensively define c-MET expression in sporadic and IBD-associated colorectal *** c-MET expression was immunohistochemically assessed in 319 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens,colonoscopically or surgically retrieved between *** included:30 normal colorectal biopsies,30 hyperplastic polyps(HP),31 sessile serrated lesions(SSL),55 tubular/tubulovillous adenomas with low(TA-LGD,n=32)or high grade dysplasia(TA-HGD,n=23),26 sporadic(s)-CRCs,16 quiescent IBD biopsies,11 active/inflamed IBD biopsies,18 IBDassociated dysplastic lesions(IBD-dys),and 102 *** was scored by two independent observers as:0=absent,1=weak,2=moderate or 3=***-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess *** Positive epithelial cytoplasmic and membranous c-MET expression was observed in all tissues,indicating there is ubiquitous expression in the colorectum.c-MET expression was weak in normal colonic epithelium compared with each of the sporadic colonic lesions,including TA-LGD(P<0.001),TA-HGD(P=0.004),HP(P<0.001),SSL(P<0.001),and s-CRC(P<0.001).Specifically,in sporadic(non-IBD)lesions,expression was stronger in TA-LGD compared with normal mucosa(P<0.001),and stronger in s-CRC compared with TA-HGD(P=0.004).However,there was no significant difference between TA-LGD and TA-HGD(P=0.852).Further,there was no difference in c-MET expression between HP and SSL(P=0.065).In IBD,expression was weaker in quiescent colonic mucosa compared with inflamed colonic mucosa(P<0.001).There was no difference between inflamed colonic mucosa and IBD-dys(P=0.512)or IBD-CRC(P=0.296).However,expression

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Colorectal cancer Surveillance Detection c-MET Immunohistochemistry

P. fluorescens and B. megaterium Effect on the Lifespan of Mutant-Type dpy-11 and Wild-Type of C. elegans

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CellBio 2022年第1期11卷 1-9页

作者： Rachel ross Biotechnoloy High School Freehold NJ USA

The research question being studied in this paper is how do different types of bacteria as food (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus megaterium) affect the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans in dpy-11 mutant-type and wild-type? P. fluorescens and B. megaterium will be the two pathogens that will be tested on two different types of C. elegans: mutant-type dpy-11 and wild-type. From the analysis of primary articles studying these pathogens, it can be concluded that P. fluorescens and B. megaterium are decent contenders for allowing C. elegans to grow and possibly extend the lifespan of it. P. fluorescens will allow the lifespan of the two types of nematodes to be longer. Additionally, the mu-tant-type dpy-11 of C. elegans will have a much longer lifespan, even double, compared to that of the wild-type. The results showed P. fluorescens had a longer lifespan than B. megaterium but not as long as C. elegans’ main food source, E. coli. C. elegans mutant dpy-11 had a longer lifespan than the wild-type. Furthermore, there were no C. elegans present in the B. megaterium wild-type plates.

关键词： C. elegans P. fluorescens B. megaterium E. coli

Formal methods, statistical debugging and exploratory analysis in support of system development: Towards a verification and validation calculator tool

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第1期7卷 120-141页

作者： Saikou Y.Diallo ross Gore Christopher J.Lynch Jose J.Padilla Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Old Dominion University 1030 University Blvd.SuffolkVA 23435USA

In this paper,we propose an approach to formally verify and rigorously validate a simulation system against the specification of the real *** implement the approach in a verification and validation calculator tool that takes as input a set of statements that capture the requirements,internal conditions of the system and expected outputs of the real system and produces as output whether the simulation satisfies the requirements,faithfully represents the internal conditions of the system and produces the expected *** provide a use case to show how subject matter experts can apply the tool.

关键词： Verification and validation formal methods modeling and simulation

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基于会话的安全、鲁棒共享控制方法(英文)

软件学报 2004年第12期15卷 1764-1775页

作者： Bernd Krieg-Brckner Robert J ross BISS BremenInstituteforSafeSystemsGermanyBISSBremenInstituteforSafeSystemsGermany

在共享控制系统中,比如智能服务机器人,操作员和自动化专门系统相互配合,共同控制.有效的共享控制需要复杂的系统体系结构,该结构可以提供安全鲁棒的运行,提供对用户友好的界面.满足这两项需求是一个不寻常的任务.介绍了解决这些问题的... 详细信息

在共享控制系统中,比如智能服务机器人,操作员和自动化专门系统相互配合,共同控制.有效的共享控制需要复杂的系统体系结构,该结构可以提供安全鲁棒的运行,提供对用户友好的界面.满足这两项需求是一个不寻常的任务.介绍了解决这些问题的方法.首先给出一个以会话为中心采用面向代理编程和形式化方法的认知控制体系结构.采用混成设计的SharC认知控制体系结构,可以区分协同代理群体中每一个遥控设备的控制.安全性对共享控制系统来说是极为重要的,因此这种体系结构必须能够保证较高的安全性.最后,描述了作为控制系统核心的形式化建模会话管理器,通过示范平台中自动轮椅的例子说明这些不同的软件范例的应用.

关键词：共享控制认知控制体系结构面向代理编程形式化方法混成设计