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CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model blockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： B Swaroopa REDDY T uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA *** first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO *** second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO *** this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless *** shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).

关键词： stateless blockchain RSA Accumulator STXO commitment TXO commitment UTXO Non-interactive Proof of Exponentiation(NI-PoE) Transactions per second(TPS)

Recharge and vulnerability assessment of groundwater resources in North west India:Insights from isotope-geospatial modelling approach

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 247-262页

作者： Annadasankar Roy Sitangshu Chatterjee uday kumar Sinha Anil kumar Jain Hemant Mohokar Ajay Jaryal Tirumalesh Keesari Harish Jagat Pant Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai–400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400094India Central Ground Water Board AhmedabadGujaratIndia

Recent studies indicate dwindling groundwater quantity and quality of the largest regional aquifer system in North West India,raising concern over freshwater availability to about 182 million population residing in this *** agricultural activities have resulted severe groundwater pollution in this area,demanding a systematic vulnerability assessment for proactive *** vulnerability assessment models encounter drawbacks due to subjectivity,complexity,data-prerequisites,and spatial-temporal *** study incorporates isotopic information into a weighted-overlay framework to overcome the above-mentioned limitations and proposes a novel vulnerability assessment *** isotope methodology provides crucial insights on groundwater recharge mechanisms(18O and 2H)and dynamics(3H)-often ignored in vulnerability *** characterisation of precipitation helped in establishing Local Meteoric Water Line(LMWL)as well as inferring contrasting recharge mechanisms operating in different *** aquifer(depththern parts of study area fall under least(0.29%)and extremely(1.79%)vulnerable zones respectively,while majority of the study area fall under moderate(42.71%)and highly vulnerable zones(55.20%).Model validation was performed using groundwater NO3-concentration,which showed an overall accuracy up to 82%.Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS)was performed for sensitivity analysis and permeability was found to be the most sensitive input parameter,followed by 3H,18O,and water *** the vulnerability map with Land Use Land Cover(LULC)and population density maps

关键词： Agricultural pollution Data scarcity Recharge mechanism Rayleigh distillation Isotope-geospatial model Vulnerability assessment

Management of Strawberry Grey Mold Disease Using Biocontrol Agents and Plant Extracts

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 538-551页

作者： P. Sakthi Priya Srushtideep Angidi uday kumar.ther. S. V. Nandeesha Thangaswamy Rajesh Department of Plant Pathology College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences Central Agricultural University Imphal India Department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. poses major constraints to strawberry production and productivity. Grey mold severely impacts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were pathogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the pathogen-producing symptoms in the fava bean pods, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while Pseudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. Pot evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest percent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly improved plant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg compared to 0.14 kg in the control. The promising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their potential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions.

关键词： Strawberry Grey Mold BCA Plant Extracts Botrytis cinerea

Rice Heat Tolerance Breeding: A Comprehensive Review and Forward Gaze

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 375-400,I0022页

作者： Ravindran Lalithambika VISAKH Sreekumar ANAND Sukumaran Nair ARYA Behera SASMITA uday Chand JHA Rameswar Prasad SAH Radha BEENA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India Crop Improvement Division Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Rice Research InstituteCuttackOdisha 7530006India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Indian Institute of Pulse ResearchKanpur 208024India Department of Plant Physiology College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India

The yield potential of rice is seriously affected by heat stress due to climate change. Since rice is a staple food globally, it is imperative to develop heat-resistant rice varieties. Thus, a thorough understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance and the impact of high temperatures on various critical stages of the crop is needed. Adoption of both conventional and innovative breeding strategies offers a long-term advantage over other methods, such as agronomic practices, to counter heat stress. In this review, we summarize the effects of heat stress, regulatory pathways for heat tolerance, phenotyping strategies, and various breeding methods available for developing heat-tolerant rice. We offer perspectives and knowledge to guide future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the ability of rice to withstand heat stress and ultimately benefit humanity.

关键词： genetic mechanism high-temperature stress molecular breeding genomics selection

A review on recent advancements in biodegradable Mg-Ca alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第8期10卷 2094-2117页

作者： Manas Ranjan Sahu T.S.Sampath kumar uday Chakkingal Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

The binary Mg-Ca alloys are drawing increasing attention as temporary implant materials because of their excellent biocompatibility,biodegradability, and good mechanical properties. However, their applications are limited due to their high degradation rates in the human physiological environment, the consequent release of hydrogen gas, and rapid loss in mechanical properties. Furthermore, biocompatibility depends upon the degradability of the material. Various researchers have demonstrated that these issues can be addressed by control of Ca content, thermo-mechanical processing to obtain suitable microstructures, deposition of surface coatings, etc. In this manuscript, a detailed review of published literature on Mg-Ca alloys is presented. The challenges and future directions of research in this area are also described.

关键词： Mg-Ca alloy Degradation Temporary implant Biocompatibility

快速热处理化学气相沉积法制备用于电子产品热管理的轻质柔性石墨烯

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2023年第3期38卷 534-542页

作者： Satendra kumar Manoj Goswami Netrapal Singh uday Deshpande Surender kumar N.Sathish Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute(AMPRI) Bhopal 462026India UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research University CampusIndore 452001India

下一代电子产品的飞速发展对热管理提出了更高的要求。初始石墨烯的导热性是铜的13倍。本文通过快速热处理化学气相沉积(RTP-CVD)法制备了具有大sp^(2)结构域的单层、双层和多层石墨烯(SLG、BLG、FLG),进一步通过低浓度H_(2)还原制备了... 详细信息

下一代电子产品的飞速发展对热管理提出了更高的要求。初始石墨烯的导热性是铜的13倍。本文通过快速热处理化学气相沉积(RTP-CVD)法制备了具有大sp^(2)结构域的单层、双层和多层石墨烯(SLG、BLG、FLG),进一步通过低浓度H_(2)还原制备了高导热石墨烯。在1000℃下生长25 min制备出SLG,利用拉曼光谱和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了石墨烯的品质。为了验证RTP-CVD法生成的石墨烯的散热能力,将其作为2TB固态硬盘的散热器,通过红外热成像仪进行了研究。结果证明,RTP-CVD生长的石墨烯用于消费电子产品的热管理测试时性能表现优异。SLG显示温度(最高)比商用铜散热器低5℃,SLG的散热能力比商用铜散热器快200倍左右。综上,利用RTP-CVD法制备的轻质的柔性石墨烯可以成为下一代5G设备和消费电子产品热管理的更好选择。

关键词：石墨烯热管理消费类电子产品化学气相沉积

Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

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结构与土木工程前沿:英文版 2023年第6期17卷 935-947页

作者： uday BODDEPALLI Indu Siva Ranjani GANDHI Biranchi PANDA Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India Sustainable Resources for Additive Manufacturing(SReAM)Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India

Extrudability is one of the most critical factors when designing three-dimensional printable foam *** extrusion process likely affects the foam stability which necessitates the investigation into surfactant properties particularly for concrete mixes with high foam *** many studies have been conducted on traditional foam concrete in this context,studies on three-dimensional printed foam concrete are *** address this research gap,the effects of surfactant characteristics on the stability,extrudability,and buildability of three-dimensional printed foam concrete mixes with two design densities(1000 and 1300 kg/m^(3))using two different surfactants and stabilizers(synthetic-based sodium lauryl sulfate stabilized with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt,and natural-based hingot surfactant stabilized with xanthan gum)were investigated in this *** density tests were conducted before and after the extrusion to determine stability of the foam *** results were then correlated with surfactant qualities,such as viscosity and surface tension,to understand the importance of key parameters in three-dimensional printing of foam *** on the experimental results,surfactant solu1tion with viscosity exceeding 5 m Pa·s and surface tension lower than 31 mN/m was recommended to yield stable three-dimensional printable foam concrete ***,the volume of foam in the mix significantly affected the printability *** traditional foam concrete,the variation in the stabilizer concentration and density of concrete were found to have insignificant effect on the fresh-state-characteristics(slump,slump flow,and static yield stress)and air void microstructure of the stable mixes.

关键词： foam concrete 3D printable concrete stability rheology air void microstructure

Measurement-while-drilling technique and its scope in design and prediction of rock blasting

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 711-719页

作者： Rai Piyush Schunnesson Hakan Lindqvist Per-Arne kumar uday Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India Division of Mining and Geotechnical Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden Department of Mining Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden Division of Operations and Maintenance Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden

With rampant growth and improvements in drilling technology,drilling of blast holes should no longer be viewed as an arduous sub-process in any mining or excavation ***,it must be viewed as an important opportunity to quickly and accurately measure the geo-mechanical features of the rock mass on-site,much in advance of the downstream *** is well established that even the slightest variation in lithology,ground conditions,blast designs vis-à-vis geologic features and explosives performance,results in drastic changes in fragmentation *** in mind the importance of state-of-the-art measurement-while-drilling(MWD) technique,the current paper focuses on integrating this technique with the blasting operation in order to enhance the blasting designs and *** paper presents a preliminary understanding of various blasting models,blastability and other related concepts,to review the state-of-the-art advancements and researches done in this *** light of this,the paper highlights the future needs and implications on drill monitoring systems for improved information to enhance the blasting results.

关键词：爆破设计钻井技术预测岩石挖掘过程地质力学钻孔爆破地层条件

Does friction contribute to formability improvement using servo press?

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Friction 2023年第5期11卷 820-835页

作者： Kali PRASAD Aishwary GUPTA Hariharan KRISHNASWAMY uday CHAKKINGAL Dilip K.BANERJEE Myoung-Gyu LEE Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)Gaithersburg 20899USA

Servo press forming machines are advanced forming systems that are capable of imparting interrupted punch motion,resulting in enhanced room temperature *** exact mechanism of the formability improvement is not yet *** contribution of interrupted motion in the ductility improvement has been studied through stress relaxation phenomena in uniaxial tensile(UT)***,the reason for improved formability observed when employing servo press is complicated due to the additional contribution from frictional *** the present work,an attempt is made to decouple the friction effect on formability improvement *** improved formability is studied using a hole expansion test(HET).The limit of forming during hole expansion is modeled using the Hosford–Coulomb(HC)damage criteria,which is implemented as a user subroutine in a commercial explicit finite element(FE)*** the contribution of stress relaxation is accounted for in the evolution of the damage variable during interrupted ***,the difference between simulation and experimental hole expansion ratio(HER)can be used to decouple the friction effect from the overall formability improvement during hole *** improvement in HER due to stress relaxation and friction effect is *** study showed that the model effectively captures the hole expansion deformation process in both monotonic and interrupted loading *** to stress relaxation,friction effect played a major role during interrupted HET.

关键词： servo press hole expansion test(HET) dual phase steel finite element(FE)analysis Hosford-Coulomb(HC)ductile fracture model