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Visual and refractive outcomes following implantation of a new trifocal intraocular lens

Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 42-47页

作者： Michael Lawless Chris Hodge Joe Reich Lewis Levitz uday k.bhatt Colm McAlinden kate Roberts Timothy V.Roberts Vision Eye Institute Level 3270 Victoria Avenue ChatswoodSydneyNSW 2067Australia Sydney Medical School University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia University of Technology SydneyNSWAustralia Vision Eye Institute MelbourneVICAustralia University Hospitals Bristol BristolUK

Background:Independence from all optical aids,and freedom from unwanted symptoms,following cataract and lens surgery remains the ultimate goal of both patient and *** development of trifocal IOL technology provides an ever-increasing range of *** purpose of our study is to understand the predictability,safety and efficacy of a new trifocal intraocular lens(IOL)following cataract or refractive lens exchange(RLE)***:This was a retrospective consecutive case series of patients undergoing cataract extraction or RLE followed by implantation of the Alcon IQ Panoptix *** and postoperative refractive and visual parameters were recorded and *** the cohort followed a normal distribution,standard parametric tests were *** t-test was used to compare the difference between target and postoperative refractive *** incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was also ***:The IOL was implanted in 66 eyes of 33 *** postoperative spherical equivalent(SE)refraction was-0.08±0.25 dioptres(D).This was not significantly different from the target refraction(p=0.841).Sixty-five percent of patients were within±0.25 D of the target SE refraction with 100%within±0.50 D of intended *** postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA)was 0.01±0.10 *** patients achieved an unaided distance acuity of 20/40 or better ***,100%saw 0.20 LogMAR or better at near without correction and 88.9%achieved this level for uncorrected intermediate visual *** intraoperative complications were *** patients complained of moderate haloes in the early postoperative ***:The AcrySof IQ Panoptix IOL provides functional uncorrected visual acuity at distance,intermediate and near *** results remain equivalent with existing trifocal IOL outcomes and provide surgeons with a further IOL alternative for the patient motivated to obtain true spectacl

关键词： Trifocal Trifocal IOL Cataract Refractive lens exchange

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Current Vegetation Pattern along Glacial Landscape in Central (Garhwal) Himalaya, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第3期2卷 255-264页

作者： uday N. Gaur G.P. Raturi A.B. bhatt Department of Botany HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal- 246 174 (Uttaranchal) India Department of Botany HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal- 246 174 (Uttaranchal) IndiaDepartment of Botany HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal- 246 174 (Uttaranchal) India

Current vegetation patterns, biodiversity and adaptation of plants were studied during 1998-2001 in glacial landscape of Chaurabari situated above kedarnath （30° 44＇ N- 79° 07＇ E; 3,000- 6,000 m） in Central Himalaya. Landscape was identified into different zones on account of the vegetation status, glacial features, geomorphology and altitudes. Cold environment with heavy snowfall, frost hailstorm and dense frost characterizes the study area Predominance of the soda rich feldspars indicates soda enrichment; orthoclase, microcline weathering and alternation would have contributed potash to the soil. The increasing severity of the environment as we ascend from timberline to snowline leads to progressive decline in the abundance and diversity of the plant species. The diversity of the higher plants decrease, while the diversity of microflora increase from alpine zone to snowline zone. Highly opulent and diverse flora with beautiful, delicate herbs occupy the alpine zone, but some specialized groups of the plants, particularly high energetic and cold resistant species reside in glacial environment. Asteraceae, Rananculaceae, Primulaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae and Ericaceae are the pioneer angiospermic families, while Anaphalis triplinervis, A. royleana, Androsacce sarmentosa, Cotoneaster rotundifolius,Lonicera myrtillus, Cassiope fastigiata, Gaultheria trichophylla and Erigeron multiradiatus are the pioneer species, which have invaded in glacial environment. Through its nature, alpine glacial ecotone can be seen easily due to environmental and edaphic differences.

关键词： Glacial ecosystem vegetation pattern plant diversity

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