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The role and mechanism of fatty acids in gallstones

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2007年第4期6卷 399-401页

作者： Kazuhisa uchiyama the Second Department of Surgery Wakayama Medical UniversitySchool of MedicineWakayama 641-8510Japan

BACKGROUND: Cholelithiasis is a common entity in China, but its etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Pigment stones of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct still form a high proportion in China, while they are rare in Europeans. To date, reports on fatty acids in stones remain few. We analyzed the quantity of fatty acids in different stones from Chinese and Japanese cases and discussed the role and mechanism of fatty acids in the formation of pigment stones. METHODS: Clinical data from 18 Chinese and 37 Japanese patients with different types of stones were analyzed using the procedure for extracting fatty acids from gallstones and high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The total fatty acid and free fatty acid contents of pigment stones were markedly higher than those in black or cholesterol stones. The ratio of free saturated to free unsaturated fatty acids was highest in intrahepatic and less in extrahepatic pigment stones, which were significantly different from the other two kinds of stones. CONCLUSIONS: This indicates that phospholipase participates in the course of pigment stone formation. The action of phospholipase A1 is more important than phospholipase A2.

关键词： cholelithiasis fatty acids phospholipase

Determination of ammonium on an integrated microchip with LED-induced fluorescence detection

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 564-570页

作者： Shuhua Xue Katsumi uchiyama Hai-fang Li Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Urban Environmental SciencesTokyo Metropolitan UniversityMinamiohsawaHachiojiTokyo 192-0364Japan

A simply fabricated microfluidic device integrated with a fluorescence detection system has been developed for on-line determination of ammonium in aqueous samples. A 365-nm light-emitting diode （LED） as an excitation source and a minor band pass filter were mounted into a polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS）-based microchip for the purpose of miniaturization of the entire analytical system. The ammonium sample reacted with o-phthaldialdehyde （OPA） on-chip with sodium sulfite as reducing reagent to produce a fluorescent isoindole derivative, which can emit fluorescence signal at about 425 nm when excited at 365 nm. Effects of pH, flow rate of solutions, concentrations of OPA-reagent, phosphate and sulfite salt were investigated. The calibration curve of ammonium in the range of 0.018- 1.8 μg/mL showed a good linear relationship with R2 = 0.9985, and the detection limit was （S /N = 3） 3.6 × 10 4 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation was 2.8% （n = 11） by calculating at 0.18 μg/mL ammonium for repeated detection. The system was applied to determine the ammonium concentration in rain and river waters, even extent to other analytes fluorescence detection by the presented device.

关键词： microfluidic chip light emitting diode o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescence ammonium

Prudent use of a left hepatic graft in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation: aiming for further securing donors' safety

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第3期9卷 360-363页

作者： Hideaki uchiyama Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan

Introduction The safety of donors in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)is of paramount *** the morbidity of LDLT donors has been dramatically decreased,there is still room for further improving the outcomes of L... 详细信息

关键词： donor hepatic liver

Use of hydrogen storage in an off-grid system for implementing a renewable-energy system

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Clean Energy 2021年第4期5卷 704-712页

作者： Yasuhiro Noro Satoshi uchiyama Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan

This paper presents the purpose,advantages,system constitution,operation method and estimation results of using hydrogen storage in a small-scale electric power(off-grid)system when renewable energy sources are *** is assumed that all electricity is supplied from renewable energy sources without using a diesel generator that requires fossil *** other words,for a small-scale electric power system on a remote island,a power-supply system comprising a photovoltaic power-generation system,storage battery,hydrogen-production system,storage tank and a fuel cell is *** condition under which the total construction cost is minimized by considering the equipment capacity,operation method of the battery and fuel cell as parameters is *** results demonstrate that the construction cost can be reduced by applying the method of surplus magnification and hydrogen *** initial cost is~70%when hydrogen storage is added as compared with the case in which a storage battery alone is *** a cost-effective system can contribute to Japan’s self-reliance with regard to the energy sector in the future.

关键词： hydrogen storage storage battery fuel cell photovoltaic generation off-grid remote island

Coulometric determination of dissolved hydrogen with a multielectrolytic modified carbon felt electrode-based sensor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第6期25卷 1077-1082页

作者： Hiroaki Matsuura Yosuke Yamawaki Kosuke Sasaki Shunichi uchiyama Department of Life Science & Green Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringSaitama Institute of Technology Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringSaitama Institute of Technology

A multielectrolytic modified carbon electrode （MEMCE） was fabricated by the electrolytic-oxidation/reduction processes. First, the functional groups containing nitrogen atoms such as amino group were introduced by the electrode oxidation of carbon felt electrode in an ammonium carbamate aqueous solution, and next, this electrode was electroreduced in sulfuric acid. The redox waves between hydrogen ion and hydrogen molecule at highly positive potential range appeared in the cyclic voltammogram obtained by MEMCE. A coulometric cell using MEMCE with a catalytic activity of electrooxidation of hydrogen molecule was constructed and was used for the measurement of dissolved hydrogen. The typical current vs. time curve was obtained by the repetitive measurement of the dissolved hydrogen. These curves indicated that the measurement of dissolved hydrogen was finished completely in a very short time （ca. 10 sec）. A linear relationship was obtained between the electrical charge needed for the electrooxidation process of hydrogen molecule and dissolved hydrogen concentration. This indicates that the developed coulometric method can be used for the determination of the dissolved hydrogen concentration.

关键词： multielectrolytic modified carbon electrode (MEMCE) coulometric determination dissolved hydrogen

A User-friendly Living Cationic Polymerization: Degenerative Chaintransfer Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers by Simply Using Mixtures of Weak and Superstrong Protonic Acids

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第9期37卷 851-857页

作者： Mineto uchiyama Masataka Sakaguchi Kotaro Satoh Masami Kamigaito Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya University

Mixtures of a weak protonic acid and a trace amount of superstrong protonic acid were used for the simple control of the cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers via a degenerative chain-transfer mechanism, in which the former acid works as a precursor of the chain transfer agent (CTA) or the dormant species and the latter works as a source of the cationic propagating species. The addition of mixtures of phosphoric acid dibutyl ester ((n=BuO)2PO2H) or 1 -octanethiol (n-C8H17SH) and a trace amount of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) to a solution of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) at -78℃ resulted in polymers with controlled molecular weights, which were basically determined by the feed ratio of IBVE to the weak protonic acid, and narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn≈ 1.1). These results were almost the same as those obtained using their prepared adducts of IBVE as CT As in the presence of a trace amount of TfOH under similar conditions. Methanesulfonic acid (CH3SO3H), whose adduct of IBVE has not been isolated due to instability, was similarly used in conjunction with trace TfOH to result in controlled molecular weights but slightly broader MWDs (Mw/Mn = 1.2-1.8). These results indicate that the sulfoxonium ion is also an effective intermediate in the cationic DT polymerization in addition to the phosphonium and sulfonium intermediates derived from (n=BuO)2PO2H and C8H17SH, respectively. The simple living cationic polymerization was thus achieved by using a combination of a weak protonic acid and a trace amount of TfOH, which are both easily available, low cost, free from metal, and easy to handle, without need for preparation of the initiator.

关键词： Living cationic polymerization Degenerative chain transfer RAFT polymerization Metal free Vinyl ether

Influence of Setting Condition on Characteristics of Savonius Hydraulic Turbine with a Shield Plate

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第3期20卷 224-228页

作者： Shouichiro Iio Yusuke Katayama Fuminori uchiyama Eiichi Sato Toshihiko Ikeda Faculity of Eng. Shinshu University4-17-1 WakasatoNaganoJAPAN380-8553 Student of Shinshu University 4-17-1 WakasatoNaganoJAPAN380-8553 Flowserve Niigata Worthington Co. Ltd.1-32 ShinbashiKashiwazakiNiigataJAPAN945-0056 Faculty of Eng. Niigata Institute of Technology1719 FujihashiKashiwazakiNiigataJAPAN945-1195

The aim of this investigation was to improve power performance of Savonius hydraulic turbine utilizing small stream for electric *** attempt was made to increase the power coefficient of runner by the use of flat shield plate placed upstream of the *** difference of the power coefficient is discussed in relation to clearance between the runner and the bottom wall and the rotation direction of the *** flow field around the runner was also examined visually to clarify influences of setting conditions on the power *** this study it was found that the power coefficient is achieved for 0.47 by only using a flat shield plate,the increase is up to 80% over the runner without the ***,it is the proper condition that clearance ratio is 0.73 in this study.

关键词： Nano-hydraulic turbine Savonius runner Shield plate Performance

Community spaces in the minds of traditional craftsmen in a pottery villase in Japan

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2015年第4期4卷 253-262页

作者： Kota Maruya Sampei Yamashita Tadashi uchiyama Department of Tourism Rikkvo University 1-2-26 Kitano Niiza-shi Saitama 352-8558 Japan Department of Civil Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University 2-3-1 Matsukadai Higashi-ku Fukuoka813-8503 Japan Center for Landscape Research t(yushu Sangyo University 2-3-1 Matsukadai Higashi-ku Fukuoka813-8503 Japan

At present, the planning for the conservation or development of Japanese traditional crafts is based on administrative districts or water catchment areas. However, the conservation of Japanese traditions relies not only on the access to relevant natural resources but also on artisans＇ ability to manufacture crafts in specific environments. The perspectives of artisans on their work environments have a significant influence on traditional crafts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in natural resource use in a vilage recognized for Koishiwara-yaki-style pottery. We employed a questionnaire and conducted interview surveys to collect data on the perceptions of the artisans working in the said viliage. The findings were as follows. 1 ） The area commonly resarded by the artisans as their place for pottery was identified. The identification of areas that are significant to local tradition can serve as a vital contribution to spatial planning. 2） The birth place of the local ceramics tradition in a local water catchment area was regarded as critically important in the preservation of the traditions of the viilage. 3） Several potters emphasized the value of their work environment to ver administrative support because of the histoHcal connection between the place and their traditions. Highlighting this connection can attract historical and cultural tourism to this area.

关键词： Recognized area Cultural landscape Modernization Traditional craft nat-ural resource

Regional management and biodiversity conservation in GIAHS:text analysis of municipal strategy and tourism management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 124-132,I0019页

作者： Ryo Kohsaka Hikaru Matsuoka Yuta uchiyama Marie Rogel Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

Purpose of the research:To identify the gaps between the rhetoric and reality of the role of citizen participation and its role in maintenance and monitoring of heritages and resources(including biodiversity monitoring),we analyzed the discourse of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS)at municipality ***:As an analytical framework,text mining is applied to interviews of officers at the municipal level of GIAHS in Noto which was amongst the first sites in *** identification of such gap is critical for sustainability and to prevent conflicts from tourism,agriculture or ***:The results reveal that(1)there is a gap between the official goals of that designation at the international level and local needs,(2)role of citizens is emphasized in the applications and action plans at rhetorical level but remain rather limited in practice and that(3)municipalities composing the GIAHS often have different priorities,even within the very same GIAHS sites,some municipalities even calling themselves“just a transition point to other destination municipalities.”Conclusions:It is critical for municipal officers to collaborate with various stakeholders,especially *** such,citizen science is a bottom-up approach to promote biodiversity conservation and facilitate GIAHS managements.

关键词： Municipality global institution GIAHS text mining co-occurrence analysis correspondence analysis