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Eosinophilic colitis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第24期15卷 2975-2979页

作者： nnenna Okpara Bassam Aswad Gyorgy Baffy Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University Department of Pathology Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a rare form of primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with a bimodal peak of prevalence in neonates and young adults. EC remains a little understood condition in contrast to the increasingly recognized eosinophilic esophagitis. Clinical presentation of EC is highly variable according to mucosal, transmural, or serosal predominance of inflammation. EC has a broad differential diagnosis because colon tissue eosinophilia often occurs in parasitic infection, drug-induced allergic reactions, inflammatory bowel disease, and various connective tissue disorders, which require thorough searching for secondary causes that may be specifically treated with antibiotics or dietary and drug elimination. Like eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease involving other segments of the gastrointestinal tract, EC responds very well to steroids that may be spared by using antihistamines, leukotriene inhibitors and biologics.

关键词： Eosinophilia Colitis Gastrointestinal disease Ascites

The Influence of Storage Conditions on the Microbial Quality of Daucus carots(Carrots)and Capsicum annuum(Green Pepper)

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期4卷 36-43页

作者： Omorodion nnenna Jennifer.P Oge Lilian Department of Microbiology University of Port HarcourtP.M.B 5323Port HarcourtRivers StateNigeria

The influence of different storage conditions on the microbial quality carrot(Daucus carots)and green pepper(Capsicum annuum)was determined using standard microbiological method from day zero to day *** bacteria count for carrot stored at room temperature ranged from Log10Cfu/g3.22 to 7.45 and for carrot stored at refrigeration temperature ranged from Log10 Cfu/g *** bacteria count for green pepper stored at room temperature ranged from Log10Cfu/g 4.22 to 7.45 and for green pepper stored at room temperature ranged from 1.12 to 4.14 for refrigeration *** isolated includes ***(4%),Bacillus sp.(8%),Pseudomonas(16%),Proteus vulgaris(4%),Staphylococcus sp.(28%),Klebsiella(8%),Salmonella(12%),Micrococcus sp.(12%)and Acinetobacter(8%).Fungal count for carrot at room temperature ranged from Log102.22 to 2.54 Cfu/g and 2.01 to 2.34 Cfu/g for refrigeration *** count for green pepper at room temperature ranged from Log10 Cfu/g 3.02 to and 7.45,Log101.81 Cfu/g to 3.34 for refrigeration *** isolated includes Penicillium(33.3%),Aspergillus(53.3%),and Candida(13.4%).Proximate composition indicates that moisture,ash,carbohydrates,lipid and fibre are lower at room temperature compared to refrigeration *** and storage duration have been said to affect the content of fruits and vegetables,therefore constant temperature and appropriate storage condition should be maintained.

关键词： Storage conditions Microbial quality Proximate composition Carrot and green pepper

Introduction of Inactivated Polio Vaccine and Specific Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy

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World Journal of Vaccines 2015年第1期5卷 8-18页

作者： Maduka Donatus Ughasoro Beckie nnenna Tagbo Dorothy Omono Esangbedo Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria Institute of Child Health/Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Division of Paediatrics Providence Hospital Ikoyi Lagos Nigeria

Background: Introduction of inactivated polio vaccine is imminent and may encounter the challenges that face new vaccines especially vaccine hesitancy. The study evaluated factors that may contribute to hesitancy towards IPV. Methods: Questionnaire adapted from the model developed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts Working Group (SAGE WG) was used to assess the factors among 408 parents. The evaluation was under the 3 Cs: Confidence, Complacency and Convenience. Questions were scored on Likert 4-unit-scale system. The data were analyzed using SPSS and, multivariate analysis was used to further test individual significant variables. Results: Overall, Complacency (2.29) and Convenience (2.11) domains were more pro-vaccine hesitant, than Confidence (1.83) domain. However, none was significantly associated with likelihood of a parent’s hesitancy towards IPV vaccination. But certain individual questions: competence of vaccinators (p = 0.04), confidence that their child will not to be infected with poliomyelitis even when not vaccinated (p = 0.03) and, willingness to vaccinate with IPV when OPV is still in use (p = 0.01) were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions: None of the factors can individually influence acceptance of IPV. However, competence of vaccinators, parental belief and availability of close alternative influenced parental decision to vaccinate.

关键词： Vaccine Hesitancy Parental Decision Nigeria

HIV Status Disclosure Rate to a Sexual Partner, Associated Factors and Outcomes among Pregnant Women in PMTCT Care in Two Large HIV Facilities in Abuja, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 193-209页

作者： Prosper Okonkwo Oluseye Ajayi Ojukwu Chinonso nnenna Abiodun Isah Program Department APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Community Medicine Department Bingham University Karu Nigeria Prevention and Community Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Clinical Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria

HIV status disclosure to partners is critical in improving the health and well-being of mother-infant dyad in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) program. This study assesses the HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners, associated factors, and outcomes among women in the PMTCT program in two large HIV clinics in Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 220 pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care in two clinics. Outcomes measures include HIV status disclosure to intimate partner, women’s viral suppression status (suppressed < 1000 copies/mL, unsuppressed ≥ 1000 copies/mL), and previous MTCT experience. Exposure variables include the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics and HIV care history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Simple and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain the predictors of HIV status disclosure and assess the association between HIV disclosure, viral suppression, and MTCT experience at a p-value of less than 0.05. Only 205 (96.7%) entries were completed and analyzed A larger percentage of the participants were married women, 158 (77.1%), within the age group 26 - 35 years (53.3%). Women’s HIV status disclosure rate to intimate partners was 49.3% (101/205). Factors associated with HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners at the univariate level were the participant’s age, Christian religion [COR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.04 - 3.21, p = 0.04], full employment [COR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.10 - 3.34, p = 0.02], HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [COR: 2.88, 95%CI: 1.26 - 6.59, p < 0.01], duration on antiretroviral therapy [COR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.13, p = 0.03], and knowledge of partner’s HIV status [COR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p < 0.01]. Only HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [AOR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.23 - 8.70, p < 0.01] and awareness of the partner’s HIV status, [AOR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.49, p < 0.01] were significant predict

关键词： HIV Status Disclosure Intimate Partner PMTCT Pregnant Women

Relationship between glycemic control and perceived family support among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus seen in a rich kinship network in Southwest Nigeria

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第4期6卷 168-177页

作者： nnenna A.Osuji Oluwaseun Solomon Ojo Sunday O.Malomo Peter T.Sogunle Ademola O.Egunjobi Olufisayo O.Odebunmi Family Medicine Department Federal Medical CentreAbeokutaNigeria

Objective:The practice of diabetes self-care behaviors has been cited as a foundation for achieving optimal glycemic *** motivation of people with diabetes mellitus is,howev-er,needed for the performance of these *** is therefore pertinent to know if motivation by the family will improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes *** study aimed to investigate the relationship between glycemic control and perceived family support among Ni-gerians with type 2 diabetes ***:A cross-sectional study was conduced on 316 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended a medical outpatient *** were collected through a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire and a standardized tool(Perceived Social Support-Family scale).Hemoglobin A1c level was used as an indicator of glycemic ***:The proportion of participants with good glycemic control was 40.6%.Most of the participants(137,43.8%)had strong perceived family *** perceived family support(P=0.00001,odds ratio 112.51)was an independent predictor of good glycemic ***:This study shows that strong perception of family support is a predictor of gly-cemic control among the adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus *** working in sub-Saharan African countries with rich kinship networks should harness the available family support of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in their management.

关键词： Glycaemic control perceived family support type 2 DM kinship Nigeria

Adenovirus and Rotavirus Associated Diarrhoea in under 5 Children from Enugu Rural Communities, South East Nigeria

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World Journal of Vaccines 2019年第3期9卷 71-83页

作者： Beckie nnenna Tagbo Chinedu Michael Chukwubike Roseline Ifeyinwa Ezeugwu Ebele Oliaku Ani Institute of Child Health University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria

Globally, diarrhoea is the second commonest infectious cause of death in children less than 5 years old. It is estimated that more than one billion diarrhoea episodes occur every year causing up to 700,000 deaths among children younger than 5 years of age. Seventy-two percent of these deaths occur in children below two years and enteric viruses have been recognized as a major cause of childhood diarrhoea. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of enteric Adenoviruses and Rotaviruses in children with diarrhoea in rural Enugu communities of Enugu State South East Nigeria. Methods: Stool samples were collected from children less than 5 years with diarrhoea seen in any of the participating hospitals in Enugu State. Samples were collected between June 2015 and May 2017. Detection of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigens were performed using commercially available ELISA kit (Oxoid-ProspecT®). Demographic data of the children were also collected. Results: Of the 290 stool samples that had sufficient materials for adenovirus and rotavirus ELISA, 14 (4.8%) and 89 (30.7%) were positive for enteric adenovirus and rotavirus respectively. 3 (1%) were co-infected with adenovirus and rotavirus. Rotavirus positive cases were more among hospitalized patients while enteric adenovirus was more among outpatients. Marked peaks of rotavirus positivity were seen in January of each year but no peak was seen among adenovirus positive cases. Higher vomiting frequencies and severe dehydration were more among rotavirus positive cases compared to adenovirus positive cases (p = 0.030 and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: Many diarrhoea cases among children aged <5 in the population studied were associated with enteric adenoviruses and rotavirus. This finding suggests that enteric viral agents (adenovirus and rotavirus) are important aetiologies for childhood diarrhoea in Enugu state Nigeria. Appropriate preventive, diagnostic and treatment interventions should be institute

关键词： Adenovirus Rotavirus Diarrhoea Children Enugu Nigeria

Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used as antiulcer in Gwandu Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria

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History & Philosophy of Medicine 2021年第3期3卷 26-32页

作者： Angela nnenna Ukwuani-Kwaja Ibrahim Sani Lesley Sahber Kindzeka Grace Joseph Gudu Department of Biochemisty Faculty of Life SciencesKebbi State University of Science and TechnologyAlieroKebbi StateNigeria Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology Faculty of Life SciencesKebbi State University of Science and TechnologyAlieroKebbi StateNigeria.

Background:Peptic ulcer is a common disease of the gastrointestinal tract often self-treated in Nigeria,par-ticularly among the rural population with various forms of herbal ***:The ethno-botanical survey conducted was aimed at collecting and identifying medicinal plants used and sold for the treatment of peptic ulcer in Gwandu emirate,Kebbi State,***:Administration of structured questionnaire/interview was *** sellers around some major towns in Gwandu emirate(Birnin Kebbi,Aliero,Kalgo,Bunza and Jega Local Government Areas)were the *** species were photographed and identified from December 2017 to February,2018,Local names,botanical names and families of antiulcer plant as well as the mode of preparation and administration of these plants were also ***:A total of 27 respondents mentioned 16 medicinal plants used,plant parts,mode of preparation and *** plants with high frequently index include Mangifera indica(37.04%),Moringa oliefera(37.04%),Acacia nilotica(33.30%),and Azadirachta indica(29.63%).The plant parts mostly used in antiulcer herbal preparations are the roots,leaves and seeds and are usually administered ***:This documentation showcases the indigenous knowledge and inventory of traditional antiulcer medicinal plants used locally for ulcer treatment in Gwandu emirate,Kebbi State,Nigeria.

关键词： Plants Peptic ulcer Ethno-botany Gwandu:emirate Kebbi State

Evaluation of larvicidal efficacy and phytochemical potential of some selected indigenous plant against <i>Anopheles gambiense</i>and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第12期4卷 1128-1133页

作者： Love Nma Allison Kelechi Stanley Dike Finnian Nlemadim Opara Monica Nweke Ezike Anthonia nnenna Amadi Department of Animal and Environmental Biology Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Biology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Biotechnology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Zoology Micheal Okpara Federal University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Science Laboratory Technology Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo Nigeria

Azadirachta indica, Citrus sinensis, Cymbopogon citratus and Annona squamosa were screened and evaluated for their phytochemical composition and larvicidal effects on Anopheles gambiense and Culex quinquefasciatus. The bioassay results showed that the effects were dependent on time and concentration of extract used. Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus sinesis at 20 mg/ml had the highest mortality effect on Anopheles gambiense after 72 h. Citrus sinensis was more effective against Culex quinquefasciatus. Aqueous extracts of these plants were found to have less larvicidal effect against the mosquito vectors. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids in all herbs. Alkaloids were present in Citrus sinensis, Cymbopogon citratus and Annona squamosa while Citrus sinesis and Azadirachta indica were positive for tannins.

关键词： Azadirachta indica Citrus sinensis Cymbopogon citratus Annona squamosa Anopheles gambiense Culex quinquefasciatus Larvicidal Mosquitoes Effect

Vaccination Coverage and Its Determinants in Children Aged 11 - 23 Months in an Urban District of Nigeria

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第4期4卷 175-183页

作者： Beckie nnenna Tagbo Christopher Bismarck Eke Babatunde Ishola Omotowo Chika Nwanma Onwuasigwe Edelu Benedict Onyeka Ukoha Oluchi Mildred Institute of Child Health University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Medicine University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria

Background/Objectives: Performance of the vaccination programme in Nigeria is lower than the regional average as well the 95% target necessary for sustained control of vaccine preventable diseases. This study is aimed at assessing the vaccination coverage and its associated factors in children aged 11 - 23 months in Enugu Metropolis. Methods: A cross sectional study in which caregivers and their children pair, aged 11 - 23 months attending children’s outpatient clinics in Enugu metropolis was undertaken. Respondents were selected consecutively while data were collected using pretested interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 while level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of full vaccination. Results: Of 351 subjects studied, 84.9% (298) were fully immunized according to the national programme on immunization schedule using both vaccination cards and history. The OPV0, OPV3, pentavalent-1, pentavalent-3 and measles coverage at the time of survey were 100.0%, 97.2%, 98.0%, 98.6%, 96.9% and 95.4%, respectively. On logistic regression: maternal occupation (government employees), children born in government hospitals and knowledge of when to start and complete vaccinations in a child were the likely predictors for completion of full vaccination in the children. Conclusion: The vaccination coverage among the study group was adjudged to be relatively high. Delivery of a child in a government hospital and the knowledge of the age when routine vaccinations should begin and end in a child were the independent predictors of the high vaccination coverage rate observed. Awareness and health education efforts in government tertiary hospitals should be extended to private and other hospitals to improve and sustain national vaccination coverage in Nigeria.

关键词： Vaccination Immunization Coverage Children Nigeria