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基于内在质量约束的文本生成和评价综述

电子学报 2024年第2期52卷 633-659页

作者：兰玉乾饶元李冠呈孙菱夏昺灿辛婷婷西安交通大学软件学院社会智能与复杂数据处理实验室陕西西安710049 中国长峰机电技术研究设计院北京100854

近年来,以ChatGPT为代表的能够适应复杂场景、并能满足人类的各种应用需求为目标的文本生成算法模型成为学术界与产业界共同关注的焦点.然而,ChatGPT等大规模语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)高度忠实于用户意图的优势隐含了部分的... 详细信息

近年来,以ChatGPT为代表的能够适应复杂场景、并能满足人类的各种应用需求为目标的文本生成算法模型成为学术界与产业界共同关注的焦点.然而,ChatGPT等大规模语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)高度忠实于用户意图的优势隐含了部分的事实性错误,而且也需要依靠提示内容来控制细致的生成质量和领域适应性,因此,研究以内在质量约束为核心的文本生成方法仍具有重要意义.本文在近年来关键的内容生成模型和技术对比研究的基础上,定义了基于内在质量约束的文本生成的基本形式,以及基于“信、达、雅”的6种质量特征;针对这6种质量特征,分析并总结了生成器模型的设计和相关算法;同时,围绕不同的内在质量特征总结了多种自动评价和人工评价指标与方法.最后,本文对文本内在质量约束技术的未来研究方向进行了展望.

关键词：自然语言处理语言模型文本生成文本质量文本评价

Enhancement of heat transfer of microcapsulated particles using copper particles and copper foam

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Particuology 2018年第6期16卷 85-93页

作者： Zhonghao rao Yiping Wen Chenzhen Liu School of Electrical and Power Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

The application of phase-change materials (PCM)for thermal-energy storage is hampered by their low thermal *** particles (CP)and copper foam (CF)were used to enhance the thermal conductivity of a microencapsulated phase-change material (MicroPCM).The effects of the CP size and mass fraction and the pore number per inch (PPI)of the CF on the thermal properties of the MicroPCM were *** chemical and microstructures of the MicroPCM and its CP composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy,respectively. Their thermal conductivities,phase-change temperatures,and latent heats were *** CP into the MicroPCM decreased the latent heats with increasing *** thermal conductivities of MicroPCM/CP (Swt%,50nm diameter)and MicroPCM/CF (PPI 30)were 1.12times and 3.46times that of the unmodified MicroPCM at 20℃,***-energy storage performances of the MicroPCM/CF composites were studied at a power of 2.9±*** temperature of the contact surfaces of the pure MicroPCM and its composites (PPI 10,PPI 20,PPI 30)was 75.88,51.27,50.52,and 50.23℃,*** composites displayed more uniform temperature distributions.

关键词： Microencapsulated phase-change material Copper particles Copper foam Thermal conductivity Thermal energy storage

Challenges in various thermal energy storage technologies

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Science Bulletin 2017年第4期62卷 231-233页

作者： Chenzhen Liu Zhonghao rao School of Electrical and Power Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China

With the worsening of energy shortage and environmental pollution,energy storage has received much attention in the fields of renewable and sustainable energy in recent *** is widely known that energy storage is a technique storing excess energy in one form and converting it back to the same form or another when necessary[1].Especially energy storage occupies an important position in solar energy,wind energy and ocean ***,energy storage methods include mechanical energy storage,

关键词：热能储存技术可再生能源环境污染能源短缺能源领域储能

多发性硬化与吉兰-巴雷综合征脑脊液实验室检测结果的比较分析

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中华检验医学杂志 2024年第2期47卷 136-141页

作者：马瑞敏饶昕怡陈宇欣吕虹张国军首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院检验科北京100070 首都医科大学第五临床医学院北京100070 首都医科大学临床检验诊断学系北京100070

目的比较多发性硬化(MS)和吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)脑脊液检测结果的特点,为2种神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的鉴别诊断提供依据。方法病例分析。以2020年1月至2023年8月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院就诊的患者为研究对象,其中MS患者70例[男性19... 详细信息

目的比较多发性硬化(MS)和吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)脑脊液检测结果的特点,为2种神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的鉴别诊断提供依据。方法病例分析。以2020年1月至2023年8月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院就诊的患者为研究对象,其中MS患者70例[男性19例,女性51例,年龄34(28,44)岁],GBS患者70例[男性44例,女性26例,年龄50(36,61)岁]。对2组患者进行寡克隆区带电泳及免疫球蛋白G指数(IgG I)检测,同时检测脑脊液常规、脑脊液生化(葡萄糖、氯、蛋白)、乳酸、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)抗体、巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗体、风疹病毒(RV)抗体、弓形虫(TOX)抗体、EB病毒(EBV)抗体、柯萨奇病毒(COX)抗体。计数资料比较采用χ^(2)检验;计量资料不符合正态分布,比较采用Mann-Whitney u检验。结果MS患者和GBS患者寡克隆区带电泳的阳性率分别为80.00%(56/70)和4.29%(3/70),MS患者阳性率高于GBS患者(χ^(2)=82.289,Pu=-2.245,Pu=-2.028,Pu=-6.747,Pu=-3.651,Pu=-4.531,Pu=-3.463,Pu=-5.225,Pu=-2.785,P<0.05)。MS患者脑脊液中CMV IgG、TOX IgG、EBVCA-IgG阳性率分别为36.36%(24/66)、0、0,GBS患者脑脊液中CMV IgG、TOX IgG、EBVCA-IgG阳性率分别为85.71%(54/63)、30.16%(19/63)、19.05%(12/63),MS患者脑脊液中CMV IgG、TOX IgG、EBVCA-IgG阳性率低于GBS患者(χ^(2)=32.839,P<0.001;χ^(2)=23.343,P<0.001;χ^(2)=13.861,P<0.001)。结论MS患者主要表现为脑脊液寡克隆区带电泳阳性率较高。GBS患者脑脊液蛋白水平升高而白细胞数升高不明显,表现为脑脊液蛋白-细胞分离现象,同时鞘内免疫、炎症相关指标水平升高,病原体抗体阳性率较高。

关键词：多发性硬化吉兰-巴雷综合征脱髓鞘疾病脑脊髓液

Improved Monarchy Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (IMBO): Intrusion Detection using Mapreduce Framework Based Optimized ANu-Net

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5887-5909页

作者： Kunda Suresh Babu Yamarthi Narasimha rao School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravathi522237Andhra PradeshIndia

The demand for cybersecurity is rising recently due to the rapid improvement of network *** a primary defense mechanism,an intrusion detection system(IDS)was anticipated to adapt and secure com-puting infrastructures from the constantly evolving,sophisticated threat ***,various deep learning methods have been put forth;however,these methods struggle to recognize all forms of assaults,especially infrequent attacks,because of network traffic imbalances and a shortage of aberrant traffic samples for model *** work introduces deep learning(DL)based Attention based Nested u-Net(ANu-Net)for intrusion detection to address these issues and enhance detection *** this IDS model,the first data preprocessing is carried out in three stages:duplication elimi-nation,label transformation,and data *** the features are extracted and selected based on the Improved Flower Pollination Algorithm(IFPA).The Improved Monarchy Butterfly Optimization Algorithm(IMBO),a new metaheuristic,is used to modify the hyper-parameters in ANu-Net,effectively increasing the learning rate for spatial-temporal information and resolving the imbalance *** the use of parallel programming,the MapReduce architecture reduces computation complexity while signifi-cantly accelerating *** publicly available data sets were used to evaluate and test the *** investigational outcomes suggest that the proposed technique can more efficiently boost the performances of IDS under the scenario of unbalanced *** proposed method achieves above 98%accuracy and classifies various attacks significantly well compared to other classifiers.

关键词： Intrusion detection system(IDS) attention based nested u-Net

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg-Sn-Ca alloys after extrusion

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第1期19卷 40-44页

作者： T. ABu LEIL N. HORT W. DIETZEL C. BLAW ERT Y. HuANG K. u. KAINER K. P. rao GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH Max-Planck Strasse 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany City university of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong

Mg-Sn-Ca alloys promise a reasonable corrosion resistance in combination with good creep resistance, likely due to the presence of Ca2-xMgxSn and other phases. The selected alloys with 3% Sn and Ca in the range of 1%-2% have been extruded in order to achieve more homogeneous microstructure compared with the as-cast alloys. Optical microscopy(OM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques were used to study the microstructure and phases of these alloys. The corrosion behavior of these alloys was investigated by means of salt spray test and potentio-dynamic measurements. The results obtained on the alloys Mg-3Sn (T3), Mg-3Sn-1Ca (TX31), and Mg-3Sn-2Ca (TX32) indicate the presence of the same phases in as-cast and after extrusion, namely Mg2Sn, Ca2-xMgxSn, and Ca2-xMgxSn/Mg2Ca, respectively. However, due to the occurrence of extensive recrystallization in the extrusion process, the grain size has significantly reduced after extrusion. The reduction leads to the improvement of the corrosion resistance after extrusion which is then comparable with the commercial alloy AZ91D.

关键词： Mg-Sn-Ca合金腐蚀镁合金金属腐蚀

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功能化多壁碳纳米管海绵状微球制备(英文)

新型炭材料 2011年第2期26卷 98-102页

作者： Dhiraj Dutta Rama Dubey Jitendra Yadav T.C.Shami K.u.Bhasker rao Defence Materials and Stores Research and Development Establishment DMSRDE P.O. G.T.RoadKanpur-208013India

通过催化化学气相沉积法合成了多壁碳纳米管(MW CNTs)。在相转移催化剂甲基三辛基氯化铵存在下,以高锰酸钾(KM nO4)为氧化剂在室温下对MW CNTs进行功能化处理。采用傅立叶变化红外光谱、热失重分析分析法对功能化MW CNTs进行表征。借助... 详细信息

通过催化化学气相沉积法合成了多壁碳纳米管(MW CNTs)。在相转移催化剂甲基三辛基氯化铵存在下,以高锰酸钾(KM nO4)为氧化剂在室温下对MW CNTs进行功能化处理。采用傅立叶变化红外光谱、热失重分析分析法对功能化MW CNTs进行表征。借助超声波降解法将功能化MW CNTs分散在二氯甲烷中形成悬浮液,然后将其悬浮液逐滴加至搅拌的聚乙烯醇溶液中形成海绵状微球。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示:形成的海绵状微球由松散缠结的MW CNTs构成,直径为50μm～150μm。该微球可望应用于轻型吸能涂料,催化剂以及电子学领域。

关键词：多壁碳纳米管功能化碳管相转移催化剂微球海绵体

Friction assisted solid state lap seam welding and additive manufacturing method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第1期12卷 16-24页

作者： Prasad rao KALVALA Javed AKRAM Mano MISRA Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering University of Utah

This paper describes results of seam welding of relatively high temperature melting materials, AISI 304, C-Mn steels, Ni-based alloys, CP Cu, CP Ni, Ti6Al4V and relatively low temperature melting material, AA6061. It describes the seam welding of multi-layered similar and dissimilar metallic sheets. The method described and involved advancing a rotating non-consumable rod(CP Mo or AISI 304) toward the upper sheet of a metallic stack clamped under pressure. As soon as the distal end of the rod touched the top portion of the upper metallic sheet, an axial force was applied. After an initial dwell time, the metallic stack moved horizontally relative to the stationery non-consumable rod by a desired length, thereby forming a metallurgical bond between the metallic sheets. Multi-track and multi-metal seam welds of high temperature metallic sheets, AISI 304, C-Mn steel,Nickel-based alloys, Cp Cu, Ti6Al4V and low temperature metallic sheets, AA6061 were obtained. Optical and scanning electron microscopy examination and 180 degree u-bend test indicated that defect free seam welds could be obtained with this method. Tensile- shear testing showed that the seam welds of AISI 304, C-Mn steel, Nickel-based alloy were stronger than the starting base metal counterparts while AA6061 was weaker due to softening. The metallurgical bonding at the interface between the metallic sheets was attributed to localized stick and slip at the interface, dynamic recrystallization and diffusion. The method developed can be used as a means of welding, cladding and additive manufacturing.

关键词： Lap seam welding Friction assisted welding Solid-state welding Cladding Additive manufacturing

Thin Layer Chromatographic Study of Bauxite and Quantitative Estimation of Co-Existing Al^(3+), Fe^(2+) and Ti^(4+)

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色谱 2005年第5期23卷 555-561页

作者： MOHAMED NAJAR P A JEuRKAR J u RAMANA rao K V Jawaharlal Nehru Aluminium Research Development and Design Centre Nagpur 440 023 IndiaJawaharlal Nehru Aluminium Research Development and Design Centre Nagpur 440 023 IndiaJawaharlal Nehru Aluminium Research Development and Design Centre Nagpur 440 023 India

Thin layer chromatography in combination with spectrophotometry and titrimetry has been used to evaluate chromatographic characteristics of bauxite constituents. The retention behaviors of four major constituents (Al 3+ , Fe 2+ , Ti 4+ , Si 4+ ) in bauxite mineral have been examined on plain and modified layers of silica gel G, silica gel H and cellulose with mobile phases containing aqueous sodium chloride, formic acid and hydrochloric acid. Ternary separation of Al-Fe-Ti was achieved on chromatographic plates made of silica gel H. The pH effect and presence of impurity elements in samples, nature of stationary phases on the ternary separation and detection limits of bauxite constituents were studied. Silicon in bauxite was detected on cellulose plates. Quantitative determinations of Al 3+ , Fe 2+ and Ti 4+ on silica gel H impregnated with sodium formate layers were achieved by titrimetry and spectrophotometry.

关键词：铝土矿主成分共存离子 Ti^4+ Al^3+ Fe^2+ 薄层色谱法