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up-scaling of Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells by Industrial Large-Area PECVD KAl Systems

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Up-scaling of Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells by Industrial La...

Three-dimensional acoustic monitoring of laser-accelerated protons in the focus of a pulsed-power solenoid lens

第十五届国际光伏科学与工程大会

作者： J.MeierI u.kroll T.Roschek J.Spitznagel S.Benagli Ch.Ellert G.Androutsopoulos A.Hiigli W.Stein J.Springer O.Kluth D.Borello M.Poppeller G.Biichel A.Bfichel unaxis unaxis Balzers AG 9496 Balzers Liechtenstein

Further progress in cell and module performance has been achieved. up-scaling of the amorphous cell to modules by laser-scribing led to initial aperture efficiencies of 9.4 % (in KA1-M) for Asahi 30x22cm2 substrates and to 98.2 W for industrial size AFG 1.4 m substrates (in KAl-1200). Encapsulated a-Si:H single-junction p-i-n 1.4 m2 modules fabricated on AFG front TCO with back contacts of LPCVD ZnO pass successfully the German Tu-V (Rheinland) damp heat test of 1000 h. Our 1.4 m a-Si:H modules show as well no decay after the thermal cycling test (according to the IEC-norm, performed by TuV). Microcrystalline silicon solar cells with open circuit voltage of 500 mV and cell efficiencies of 6.3 % tat absorber thickness of 1 um) have been obtained. In the industrial KAI-1200 uc-Si:H growth at around 5 A/sec has been achieved with good thickness homogeneity and crystallinity over the 1.4 m substrate area. Micromorph tandem test cells fabricated on Asahi u-type from SnO and in-house developed LPCVD front ZnO resulted in efficiencies of 10.7%, respectively of 10.1%. LPCVD ZnO confirms enhanced light-trapping properties for μc-Si:H bottom cells resulting in reduced μc-Si:H absorber layer thickness.

关键词： PECVD amorphous silicon microcrystalline silicon ZnO manufacturing

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 57-63页

作者： S.Gerlach F.Balling A.K.Schmidt F.E.Brack F.kroll J.Metzkes-Ng M.Reimold u.Schramm M.Speicher K.Zeil K.Parodi J.Schreiber Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenGarchingGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische universität Dresden DresdenGermany

The acoustic pulse emitted from the Bragg peak of a laser-accelerated proton bunch focused into water has recently enabled the reconstruction of the bunch energy *** adding three ultrasonic transducers and implementing a fast data analysis of the filtered raw signals,I-BEAT(Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing)3D now provides the mean bunch energy and absolute lateral bunch position in real-time and for individual *** changes in energy spread and lateral bunch size can also be *** experiments at DRACO with proton bunch energies between 10 and 30 MeV reveal sub-MeV and sub-mm *** addition to this 3D bunch information,the signal strength correlates also with the absolute bunch particle number.

关键词： ion diagnostics ionoacoustics laser-driven plasma source laser-ion acceleration

OCTOPOD:single-bunch tomography for angular-spectral characterization of laser-driven protons

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 16-28页

作者： M.Reimold S.Assenbaum E.Beyreuther E.Bodenstein F.-E.Brack C.Eisenmann F.Englbrecht F.kroll F.Lindner u.Masood J.Pawelke u.Schramm M.Schneider M.Sobiella M.E.P.umlandt M.Vescovi K.Zeil T.Ziegler J.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology DresdenGermany Ludwig-Maximilians-universität München Garching/MünchenGermany universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser-plasma accelerated(LPA)proton bunches are now applied for research fields ranging from ultra-high-dose-rate radiobiology to material ***,the capabilities to characterize the spectrally and angularly broad LPA bunches lag behind the rapidly evolving *** OCTOPOD translates the angularly resolved spectral characterization of LPA proton bunches into the spatially resolved detection of the volumetric dose distribution deposited in a liquid *** to 24 multi-pinhole arrays record projections of the scintillation light distribution and allow for tomographic reconstruction of the volumetric dose deposition pattern,from which proton spectra may be *** the OCTOPOD at a cyclotron,we show the reliable retrieval of various spatial dose deposition patterns and detector sensitivity over a broad dose ***,the OCTOPOD was installed at an LPA proton source,providing real-time data on proton acceleration performance and attesting the system optimal performance in the harsh laser-plasma environment.

关键词： laser-plasma acceleration of protons proton detector tomographic reconstruction

1000眼网膜裂孔和变性预防性冷凝固定术后并发症

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德国医学 1997年第2期14卷 104-105页

作者： u.Reuter H.Gerding P.kroll 张虹 Medizinisches Zentrum fr Augenheilkunde der Philipps-universitt Marburg Robert-Koch-Str.8D-35033 MarburgGermany 同济医科大学附属同济医院

很多人周边部视网膜有改变,它并不仅是生理性老化,而是一种病理改变。网脱发病率并不恒定。如果对视网膜变性和裂孔不治疗的话其发病率达29％,Meyer-Schwickerath认为是28％,Robertson和Priluck认为是35％～50％。Byer的观察结果如前所... 详细信息

很多人周边部视网膜有改变,它并不仅是生理性老化,而是一种病理改变。网脱发病率并不恒定。如果对视网膜变性和裂孔不治疗的话其发病率达29％,Meyer-Schwickerath认为是28％,Robertson和Priluck认为是35％～50％。Byer的观察结果如前所述有出入,他观察162例视网膜变性患者8年,没有发现网脱。对不同的视网膜病变其预后差或好,对其是治疗还是观察。

关键词：视网膜裂孔视网膜变性冷凝固定术并发症预防

Experimental platform for the investigation of magnetized-reverse-shock dynamics in the context of POLAR

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 36-49页

作者： B. Albertazzi E. Falize A. Pelka E Brack E kroll R. Yurchak E. Brambrink E Mabey N. Ozaki S. Pikuz L. Van Box Som J. M. Bonnet-Bidaud J. E. Cross E. Filippov G. Gregori R. Kodama M. Mouchet T. Morita Y. Sakawa R. E Drake C. C. Kuranz M. J.-E. Manuel C. Li E Tzeferacos D. Lamb u. Schramm M. Koenig LuLI- CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA: Universite Paris-Saclay uPMC univ Paris 06: Sorbonne universites- F-91128 Palaiseau cedex France CEA-DAM-DIF F-91297 Arpajon France CEA Saclay DSM/Irfu/Service d'Astrophysique F-91191 Gif-sur- Yvette France Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf HZDR Bautzner Landstrαβe 400 01328 Dresden Germany Department of Atmospheric Oceanic and Space Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor M148109 USA Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan JIHT-RAS 13-2 lzhorskaya st. Moscow 125412 Russia National Research Nuclear university MEPhl Moscow 115409 Russia Department of Physics University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan LuTH Observatoire de Paris UMR CNRS 8102 Universite Paris Diderot 92190 Meudon France Department of Energy Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Japan General Atomics San Diego CA 92121 USA Plasma Science and Fusion Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA Flash Center for Computational Science University of Chicago IL 60637 USA

The influence of a strong external magnetic field on the collimation of a high Mach number plasma flow and its collision with a solid obstacle is investigated experimentally and numerically. The laser irradiation(I ～ 2 × 10^(14) W · cm^(-2)) of a multilayer target generates a shock wave that produces a rear side plasma expanding flow. Immersed in a homogeneous10 T external magnetic field, this plasma flow propagates in vacuum and impacts an obstacle located a few mm from the main target. A reverse shock is then formed with typical velocities of the order of 15–20 ± 5 km/s. The experimental results are compared with 2 D radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the FLASH code. This platform allows investigating the dynamics of reverse shock, mimicking the processes occurring in a cataclysmic variable of polar type.

关键词：磁场等离子体流变量激光技术

On the study of hydrodynamic instabilities in the presence of background magnetic fields in high-energy-density plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第2期6卷 37-45页

作者： M.J.-E.Manuel B.Khiar G.Rigon B.Albertazzi S.R.Klein F.kroll F.-E.Brack T.Michel P.Mabey S.Pikuz J.C.Williams M.Koenig A.Casner C.C.Kuranz General Atomics San DiegoCalifornia 92121USA university of Chicago ChicagoIllinois 60637USA Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses 91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance university of Michigan Ann ArborMichigan 48109USA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany National Research Nuclear university Moscow 115409Russia Centre lasers intenses et applications 33405 Talence CedexFrance

Blast-wave-driven hydrodynamic instabilities are studied in the presence of a background B-field through experiments and simulations in the high-energy-density(HED)physics *** experiments conducted at the Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses(LuLI),a laserdriven shock-tube platform was used to generate a hydrodynamically unstable interface with a prescribed sinusoidal surface perturbation,and short-pulse x-ray radiography was used to characterize the instability growth with and without a 10-T *** LuLI experiments were modeled in FLASH using resistive and ideal magnetohydrodynamics(MHD),and comparing the experiments and simulations suggests that the Spitzer model implemented in FLASH is necessary and sufficient for modeling these planar *** results suggest insufficient amplification of the seed B-field,due to resistive diffusion,to alter the hydrodynamic *** the ideal-MHD simulations did not represent the experiments accurately,they suggest that similar HED systems with dynamic plasma-β(=2μ_(0)ρv^(2)/B^(2))values of less than∼100 can reduce the growth of blast-wave-driven Rayleigh–Taylor *** findings validate the resistive-MHD FLASH modeling that is being used to design future experiments for studying B-field effects in HED plasmas.

关键词： field. hydrodynamic instabilities

Short-pulse laser-driven x-ray radiography

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 101-105页

作者： E.Brambrink S.Baton M.Koenig R.Yurchak N.Bidaut B.Albertazzi J.E.Cross G.Gregori A.Rigby E.Falize A.Pelka F.kroll S.Pikuz Y.Sakawa N.Ozaki C.Kuranz M.Manuel C.Li P.Tzeferacos D.Lamb LuLI-CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA universit Paris-Saclay uPMC univ Paris 06 Sorbonne universits Institute for Academic Initiatives Osaka U. Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford CEA-DAM-DIF HZDR JIHT-RAS Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka U. Graduate School of Engineering Osaka U. Department of Energy Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering SciencesKyushu University Plasma Science and Fusion Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology Flash Center for Computational Science University of Chicago

We have developed a new radiography setup with a short-pulse laser-driven x-ray source. using a radiography axis perpendicular to both long- and short-pulse lasers allowed optimizing the incident angle of the short-pulse laser on the x-ray source target. The setup has been tested with various x-ray source target materials and different laser *** to noise ratios are presented as well as achieved spatial resolutions. The high quality of our technique is illustrated on a plasma flow radiograph obtained during a laboratory astrophysics experiment on POLARs.

关键词： laboratory astrophysics short-pulse laser x-ray radiography

Enhanced ion acceleration from transparency-driven foils demonstrated at two ultraintense laser facilities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第4期12卷 593-604页

作者： Nicholas P.Dover Tim Ziegler Stefan Assenbaum Constantin Bernert Stefan Bock Florian-Emanuel Brack Thomas E.Cowan Emma J.Ditter Marco Garten Lennart Gaus Ilja Goethel George S.Hicks Hiromitsu Kiriyama Thomas Kluge James K.Koga Akira Kon Kotaro Kondo Stephan Kraft Florian kroll Hazel F.Lowe Josefine Metzkes-Ng Tatsuhiko Miyatake Zulfikar Najmudin Thomas Püschel Martin Rehwald Marvin Reimold Hironao Sakaki Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Keiichiro Shiokawa Marvin E.P.umlandt ulrich Schramm Karl Zeil Mamiko Nishiuchi Kansai Photon Science Institute National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology8-1-7 UmemidaiKizugawaKyoto 619-0215Japan The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische universitat Dresden 01069 DresdenGermany Interdiscipllinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University6-1Kasuga-KoenKasugaFukuoka 816-8580Japan

Laser-driven ion sources are a rapidly developing technology producing high energy,high peak current *** suitability for applications,such as compact medical accelerators,motivates development of robust acceleration schemes using widely available repetitive ultraintense femtosecond *** applications not only require high beam energy,but also place demanding requirements on the source stability and *** can be seriously affected by the laser temporal contrast,precluding the replication of ion acceleration performance on independent laser systems with otherwise similar ***,we present the experimental generation of>60 MeV protons and>30 MeV u-1 carbon ions from sub-micrometre thickness Formvar foils irradiated with laser intensities>1021 *** are accelerated by an extreme localised space charge field≥30TVm-1,over a million times higher than used in conventional *** field is formed by a rapid expulsion of electrons from the target bulk due to relativistically induced transparency,in which relativistic corrections to the refractive index enables laser transmission through normally opaque *** replicate the mechanism on two different laser facilities and show that the optimum target thickness decreases with improved laser contrast due to reduced *** demonstration that energetic ions can be accelerated by this mechanism at different contrast levels relaxes laser requirements and indicates interaction parameters for realising application-specific beam delivery.

关键词： acceleration intense transparency

Leukemia:研究鉴定出与34种AML白血病亚群相关联的基因突变

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第15期17卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： A-K Eisfeld K Mrózek J Kohlschmidt D Nicolet S Orwick C J Walker K W kroll J S Blachly A J Carroll J E Kolitz B L Powell E S Wang R M Stone A de la Chapelle J C Byrd C D Bloomfield The Ohio State university Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH USA Alliance Statistics and Data Center Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH USA Department of Genetics University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA Monter Cancer Center Hofstra North Shore-Long Island Jewish School of Medicine Lake Success NY USA Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest university Winston-Salem NC USA Department of Medicine Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo NY USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber/Partners CancerCare Boston MA USA

针对成年急性髓细胞白血病（acute myeloid leukemia，AML）患者的一项新的大型研究将80种癌症相关基因突变与5种AML亚型相关联。这5种AML亚型可通过特异性的染色体异常加以确定。在未来，这些发现可能有助指导基因突变测试和治疗决策。

关键词：基因突变 AML 白血病关联亚群鉴定染色体异常髓细胞