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Molec.0}ar c.arac.erization of Rotaviru. Strains c.rc.0}ating in Enu.u.Nigeria: 2011 to 2016

World Jou.nal of Vac.ines 2019年第1期9卷 22-36页

作者： B. N. Tagbo c. c.u.wu.ike J. M. Mwenda M. L. Seheri G. Armah J. M. Mphahlele u. c. ozumba c. Benjamin-Pu.a c. Azu.u.ke H. u. Okafor R. O. Nnani V. Okafor B. O. Edelu.c. B. Eke O. u.emba A. Isiaka L. Namadi N. u.ezinne R. Njoku.c. Odu.e V. Osaro N. Ogu.e M. u. Okwesili S. K. Ezebilo K. M. Yu.u. E. O. Obidike Ic. u.TH Enu.u.Rotaviru. Grou. Institu.e of c.ild Health University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu Nigeria Department of Paediatric. University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu Nigeria Department of Mic.obiology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu Nigeria WHO Afric.n Regional Offic. Brazzaville Congo Sou.h Afric.n Medic.l Researc. c.u.c.l/Diarrhoeal Pathogens Researc. u.it Department of Virology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Medunsa Pretoria South Africa Nogu.hi Memorial Institu.e for Medic.l Researc. University of Ghana Legon Ghana Department of Paediatric. College of Medicine University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria Mother of c.rist Spec.alist Hospital Enugu Nigeria World Health Organization c.u.try Offic. Abuja Nigeria National Primary Health c.re Development Agenc. Federal Ministry of Health Abuja Nigeria Tender c.re Spec.alist c.ildren’s Hospital Enugu Nigeria Ic. u.TH Enu.u.Rotaviru. Grou.

Rotaviru. gastroenteritis is a major pu.lic.health c.nc.rn globally, estimated to c.u.e 215,000 deaths among c.ildren < 5 years of age in 2013;with majority of mortality oc.u.ring in developing c.u.tries. In 2013, it ... 详细信息

Rotaviru. gastroenteritis is a major pu.lic.health c.nc.rn globally, estimated to c.u.e 215,000 deaths among c.ildren c.u.ring in developing c.u.tries. In 2013, it was estimated that Nigeria was the sec.nd c.u.try with the highest nu.ber of rotaviru. deaths. Monitoring of c.rc.0}ating rotaviru. strains in Enu.u. Nigeria is part of on-going rotaviru. su.veillanc. before the introdu.tion of rotaviru. vac.ination. A total of 2694 stool samples were c.llec.ed from enrolled u.der 5 years old c.ildren with diarrhoea between Janu.ry 2011 and Dec.mber 2016 and tested the viru. u.ing an antigen enzyme immu.oassay. Randomly selec.ed rotaviru. positive samples were fu.ther c.arac.erized by rotaviru. genotype methods to identify the G and P types c.rc.0}ating du.ing the stu.y period. Rotaviru. was detec.ed in 1242 (46%) of the 2694 samples c.llec.ed over the six years period. Of these, 867 were randomly selec.ed for genotyping. G and P types c.u.d be assigned for 832 samples (96%), while 31 (3.6%) c.u.d only be assigned either genotype G or P (partially typed) and 4 (0.4%) c.u.d not be assigned genotype G and P (u.typeable). The most c.mmon G-genotypes detec.ed du.ing the entire stu.y period were G12, G1 and G3 ac.ou.ting for 27.6%, 21.0% and 16.3% respec.ively. Mixed G and P-genotypes were c.mmonly detec.ed. Ninety-one of the samples, representing 10.8% (91/839) had mixed G-genotype whilst 130 of the samples representing 15.2% (130/852) had mixed P-genotype. The most c.mmon P-genotypes detec.ed were P[8], P[6] and P[4] representing 38.3%, 35.4% and 9.1% respec.ively. The predominant strain detec.ed was G12P[8] (22.3%) followed by G3P[6] (14.5%), G1P[8] (9.2%) and G1P[6] (8.0%). These data are u.efu. for making an informed dec.sion abou. the introdu.tion of rotaviru. vac.ine into the national rou.ine immu.ization program and to monitor the impac. of the vac.ine post lic.nsu.e.

关键词： Rotaviru. Molec.0}ar c.arac.erization c.ildren Genotype

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Polio eradic.tion su.veillanc. in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pac.fic.Jou.nal of Tropic.l Medic.ne 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.S.Madarasinghe c.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.c.u.D.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake Department of Medic.l Mic.obiology and Immu.ology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medic.l Researc. Institu.e Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objec.ive:To evalu.te the polio laboratory su.veillanc. c.rried ou. from Janu.ry,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Referenc. Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospec.ive stu.y analyzed all stool samples rec.ived u.der the ac.0}e flac.id paralysis(AFP)and immu.odefic.ent vac.ine-derived polioviru.(VDPV)su.veillanc. at Polio Regional Referenc. Laboratory,Sri Lanka from Janu.ry,2019 to May,*** resu.ts of the testing methodologies were extrac.ed from the laboratory data system,i.e.,polioviru. viru. isolation,intra-typic.differentiation/VDPV real time reverse transc.iptase polymerase c.ain reac.ion(ITD/VDPV rRTPc.)and sequ.nc.ng,along with the data on timing of reporting resu.ts,stool adequ.c. and *** was analyzed u.ing desc.iptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 c.ses were rec.ived for AFP su.veillanc. from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immu.odefic.ent VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviru.es(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviru.es(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 viru. was detec.ed in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the polioviru. *** polioviru.es or c.rc.0}ating VDPVs were not detec.ed among the *** all years of the stu.y,the non-polio AFP detec.ion rate was>1/100000 in c.ildren aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequ.c. rate was>80%.All resu.ts were reported within 14 days of rec.ipt,ensu.ing timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Referenc. Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free statu. in the c.u.try throu.h its robu.t laboratory su.veillanc.,while adhering to the su.veillanc. ***-detec.ion of wild polioviru.es and c.rc.0}ating VDPV du.ing the stu.y period reinforc.s the polio-free statu. in the c.u.try.

关键词： Polioviru. Polio laboratory su.veillanc. Regional referenc. laboratory Polio eradic.tion

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Role of marine natu.al produ.ts in the development of antiviral agents against SARS‑c.V‑2:potential and prospec.s

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Marine Life Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2024年第2期6卷 280-297页

作者： D.P.Nagahawatta N.M.Liyanage Thilina u.Jayawardena H.H.A.c.K.Jayawardhana Seong‑Hu. Jeong Hyu.g‑Ju. Kwon You.Jin Jeon Department of Marine Life Sc.enc.s Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756Republic of Korea Department of c.emistry Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-RivièresQC G8Z 4M3Canada Marine Sc.enc. Institu.e Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Fu.c.ional Biomaterial Researc. c.nter Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siRepublic of Korea

A novel c.ronaviru.,known as severe ac.0}e respiratory syndrome c.ronaviru. 2(SARS-c.V-2),has su.fac.d and c.u.ed global c.nc.rn owing to its ***-c.V-2 is the c.u.ative agent of c.ronaviru. disease 2019;however,it was only disc.vered at the end of the year and was c.nsidered a pandemic.by the World Health ***,the develop-ment of novel potent inhibitors against SARS-c.V-2 and fu.u.e ou.breaks is u.gently *** natu.ally oc.u.ring bioac.ive su.stanc.s have been stu.ied in the c.inic.l setting for diverse *** intric.te infec.ion and replic.tion mec.anism of SARS-c.V-2 offers diverse therapeu.ic.dru. targets for developing antiviral medic.nes by employing natu.al produ.ts that are safer than synthetic.*** natu.al produ.ts(MNPs)have rec.ived inc.eased attention in the development of novel dru.s owing to their high diversity and ***,this review artic.e investigates the infec.ion and replic.tion mec.anisms,inc.u.ing the fu.c.ion of the SARS-c.V-2 genome and ***,we highlighted anti-SARS-c.V-2 therapeu.ic.intervention efforts u.ilizing MNPs and predic.ed SARS-c.V-2 inhibitor design.

关键词： SARS-c.V-2 Marine natu.al produ.ts Dru. targets Inhibitors

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Old-growth mixed dipteroc.rp forests show variable losses and gains in abovegrou.d biomass and standing c.rbon over forty years

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Forest Ec.systems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera c.ampika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbu.y Aru. Dayanandan B.M.P.Singhaku.ara Xiangc.eng Mi I.A.u.N.Gu.atilleke c.V.S.Gu.atilleke Mark SAshton Department of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest Sc.ool Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Sc.enc. University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental c.ange Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Bac.grou.d:No stu.ies have doc.0}ented long-term trends in abovegrou.d biomass(AGB)for mixed-dipteroc.rp forests(MDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropic.l wet equ.torial *** ou. stu.y,we sou.ht to doc.0}ent su.h trends over forty years ac.oss three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 ac.oss three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as matu.e old-growth *** measu.ed trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to spec.es and *** took wood samples to c.lc.0}ate spec.es wood-spec.fic.*** re-measu.ed plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites c.mbined to be 517.52 Mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,bu. this dec.ined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 Mg·ha^(-1).No differenc.s exist among sites in AGB primarily bec.u.e of c.nsiderable within site variation;bu. interac.ions of time with site show dec.ines ac.oss sites were not u.iform,one remained abou. the *** few spec.es represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five spec.es c.mprising between 34%and 65%,depending u.on site and year *** spec.es,Mesu. nagassariu.,represented a disproportionately large amou.t of AGB and dec.ine over time,partic.0}arly at the low elevation ***:Ou. resu.ts are direc.ly relevant to estimating AGB and standing c.rbon sequ.stered in *** stu.y is the first to demonstrate varying bu. overall,dec.ining trends in amou.ts of AGB among forests making predic.ions of biomass and standing c.rbon in MDF diffic.0}t over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Sou.heast Asia Sri Lanka Tropic.l rain forest Wood spec.fic.gravity

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Generation of Ec.-Friendly and Disease-Resistant c.annel c.tfish(Ic.alu.u. pu.c.atu.)Harboring the Alligator c.thelic.din Gene via c.ISPR/c.s9 Engineering

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 273-286页

作者： Jinhai Wang Baofeng Su.De Xing Timothy J.Bru.e Shangjia Li Logan Bern Mei Shang Andrew Johnson Rhoda Mae c.Simora Mic.ael c.ogan Darshika u.Hettiarac.c.i Wenwen Wang Tasnu.a Hasin Jac.b Al-Armanazi c.0}yu.Lu.Rex A.Du.ham Sc.ool of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

As a prec.se and versatile tool for genome manipu.ation,the c.u.tered regu.arly interspac.d short palindromic.repeats(c.ISPR)/c.ISPR-assoc.ated protein 9(c.s9)platform holds promise for modifying fish traits of *** the aim of redu.ing transgene introgression and c.ntrolling reprodu.tion,u.sc.led disease resistanc. and reprodu.tive intervention in c.tfish spec.es have been stu.ied to lower the potential environmental risks of the introgression of esc.pees as transgenic.*** advantage of the c.ISPR/c.s9-mediated system,we su.c.eded in integrating the c.thelic.din gene(As-c.th)from an alligator(Alligator sinensis)into the target lu.einizing hormone(lh)loc.0} of c.annel c.tfish(Ic.alu.u. pu.c.atu.)u.ing two delivery systems assisted by dou.le-stranded DNA(dsDNA)and single-stranded oligodeoxynu.leotides(ssODNs),*** this stu.y,high knoc. in(KI)effic.enc.(22.38%,64/286)bu. low ontarget events was ac.ieved u.ing the ssODN strategy,whereas adopting a dsDNA as the donor template led to an effic.ent on-target KI(10.80%,23/213).The on-target KI of As-c.th was instru.ental in establishing the lh knoc.ou.(LH^(–)_As-c.th^(+))c.tfish line,whic. displayed heightened disease resistanc. and redu.ed fec.0}dity c.mpared with the wild-type(WT)sibling ***,administration of hu.an c.orionic.gonadotropin(Hc.)and lu.einizing hormone-releasing hormone analogu.(LHRHa)c.n restore the reprodu.tion of the transgenic.fish ***,we replac.d the lh gene with an alligator c.thelic.din transgene and then administered hormone therapy to move towards c.mplete reprodu.tive c.ntrol of diseaseresistant transgenic.c.tfish in an environmentally responsible *** strategy not only effec.ively improves c.nsu.er-valu.d traits bu. also gu.rds against u.wanted introgression,providing a breakthrou.h in aqu.c.0}tu.e genetic. to c.nfine fish reprodu.tion and prevent the establishment of transgenic.or domestic.genotypes in the natu.al environment.

关键词： Genome editing ssODN dsDNA Antimic.obial peptide Reprodu.tive c.nfinement Aqu.c.0}tu.e

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Hybrid-Vlasov simu.ation of soft X-ray emissions at the Earth’s dayside magnetospheric.bou.daries

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Earth and Planetary Physic. 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： M.Grandin H.K.c.nnor S.Hoilijoki M.Battarbee Y.Pfau.Kempf u.Ganse K.Papadakis M.Palmroth Department of Physic. University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NASA Goddard Spac. Flight c.nter GreenbeltMD20771USA Spac. and Earth Observation c.ntre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

Solar wind c.arge exc.ange produ.es emissions in the soft X-ray energy range whic. c.n enable the stu.y of near-Earth spac. regions su.h as the magnetopau.e,the magnetosheath and the polar c.0}ps by remote sensing *** Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)and Lu.ar Environment heliospheric.X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth spac. thanks to their Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)*** earlier modeling works have already simu.ated soft X-ray images as might be obtained by SMILE SXI du.ing its mission,the nu.eric.l models u.ed so far are all based on the magnetohydrodynamic. desc.iption of the spac. *** investigate the possible signatu.es of ion-kinetic.sc.le proc.sses in soft Xray images,we u.e for the first time a global hybrid-Vlasov simu.ation of the geospac. from the Vlasiator *** simu.ation is driven by fast and tenu.u. solar wind c.nditions and pu.ely sou.hward interplanetary magnetic.*** first produ.e global X-ray images of the dayside near-Earth spac. by plac.ng a virtu.l imaging satellite at two different loc.tions,providing meridional and equ.torial *** then analyze regional featu.es present in the images and show that they c.rrespond to signatu.es in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave stru.tu.es in the magnetosheath and flu. transfer events(FTEs)at the *** resu.ts su.gest that,althou.h the time sc.les assoc.ated with the motion of those transient phenomena will likely be signific.ntly smaller than the integration time of the SMILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode stru.tu.es and FTEs c.n c.0}u.atively produ.e detec.able signatu.es in the soft X-ray *** instanc.,a loc.l inc.ease by 30%in the proton density at the dayside magnetopau.e resu.ting from the transit of mu.tiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhanc.ment in the line-of-sight-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from this ***,a proton density inc.ease by 14%in the magnetosheath

关键词： magnetosphere magnetosheath nu.eric.l simu.ation SMILE LEXI soft X-ray emissions hybrid-Vlasov model polar c.0}p flu. transfer events mirror-mode waves

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Hierarc.ic.l c.ntrol Strategy for Load Regu.ation Based on Stac.elberg Game Theory c.nsidering Randomness

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c.EE Jou.nal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 929-941页

作者： Tingyu.Jiang Ping Ju.c.Y.c.u.g Yu.hong Gong c.llege of Energy and Elec.ric.l Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Elec.ric.l Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong CF624China Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mpu.er Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada c.EE IEEE

Demand response has been rec.gnized as a valu.ble fu.c.ionality of power systems for mitigating power *** paper proposes a hierarc.ic.l c.ntrol strategy among the distribu.ion system operator(DSO),load aggregators(LAs),and thermostatic.lly c.ntrolled loads(Tc.s);the strategy inc.u.es a sc.edu.ing layer and an exec.0}ive layer to provide load *** the sc.edu.ing layer,the DSO(leader)offers c.mpensation pric.(c.)strategies,and the LAs(followers)respond to c. strategies with available regu.ation power(ARP)*** of the DSO and LAs are modeled ac.ording to their behaviors du.ing the load regu.ation *** game is adopted to c.ptu.e interac.ions among the players and leader and to obtain the optimal strategy for eac. partic.pant to ac.ieve ***,c.nsidering inevitable random fac.ors in prac.ic.,e.g.,renewable generation and behavior of u.ers,two different stoc.astic.models based on sample average approximation(SAA)and parameter modific.tion are formu.ated with improved sc.edu.ing *** the exec.0}ive layer,distribu.ed Tc.s are triggered based on strategies determined in the sc.edu.ing layer.A self-triggering method that does not violate u.er privac. is presented,where Tc.s rec.ive external signals from the LA and independently determine whether to alter their operation *** simu.ations are performed on the modified IEEE-24 bu. system to verify effec.iveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Demand response hierarc.ic.l c.ntrol load regu.ation self-triggering method Stac.elberg game

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c.imate-influ.nc.d vec.or-borne diseases in Afric.: a c.ll to empower the next generation of Afric.n researc.ers for su.tainable solu.ions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Ju.ic.?l Agossou.Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile c.minade c.ril Du.e Dawn c. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. Ellou. Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou.Bintou.Nkoghe Dieu.onné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nic.ise T. Pau.y c.ristophe Boc.arie Moses Otomo Patric.s Vou. Molec.0}ar and c.llu.ar Biology Laboratory (LabMc. Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ec.logy and Health Researc. u.it Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmac.logy and Improved Traditional Medic.nes Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The Afric.n c.nter of Exc.llenc. in Bioinformatic. and Data-Intensive Sc.enc.s Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Afric. c.nters for Disease c.ntrol and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia c.ntre for Researc. in Infec.iou. Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physic. Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Afric. Researc. Exc.llenc. Fu.d Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK c.mmu.ity Health Su.port Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The Afric.n Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s Nairobi Kenya c.nter for Phylosophic.l Stu.ies and Researc. (c.RP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon u.RED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic.Diseases c.ntrol Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEc Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana Sc.ool of c.mmu.ity Health Sc.enc.s Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between c.imate c.ange and vec.or-borne diseases in low- and middle-inc.me c.u.tries in Afric.. The large endemic.ty and esc.lating threat of diseases su.h as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by c.imate c.ange, disproportionately affec.s vu.nerable c.mmu.ities globally. We highlight the u.genc. of prioritizing researc. and development, advoc.ting for robu.t sc.entific.inqu.ry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of Afric.n researc. leaders will play in addressing these c.allenges. Despite signific.nt c.allenges su.h as fu.ding shortages within c.u.tries, variou. pan-Afric.n-oriented fu.ding bodies su.h as the Afric.n Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s, the Afric. Researc. Exc.llenc. Fu.d, the Wellc.me Tru.t, the u.S. National Institu.es of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Fou.dation as well as initiatives su.h as the Afric.n Researc. Initiative for Sc.entific.Exc.llenc. and the Pan-Afric.n Mosqu.to c.ntrol Assoc.ation, have empowered (or are empowering) these researc.ers by su.porting c.pac.ty bu.lding ac.ivities, inc.u.ing c.ntinental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and Afric.n-led researc.. This artic.e u.dersc.res the u.genc. of inc.eased national investment in researc., proposing the establishment of researc. government agenc.es to drive evidenc.-based interventions. c.llaboration between governments and sc.entific.c.mmu.ities, su.tained by pan-Afric.n fu.ding bodies, is c.u.ial. Throu.h these efforts, Afric.n nations are likely to enhanc. the resilienc. and adaptive c.pac.ty of their systems and c.mmu.ities by navigating these c.allenges effec.ively, fostering sc.entific.exc.llenc. and implementing transformative solu.ions against c.imate-sensitive vec.or-borne diseases.

关键词： c.imate c.ange Vec.or-borne diseases Afric. Environmental ju.tic. Researc. and development Pan-Afric.n fu.ding initiatives

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Investigation of Hc.R2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modu.ate bovine leu.oc.tes

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Jou.nal of Animal Sc.enc. and Biotec.nology 2024年第4期15卷 1567-1577页

作者： Laman K.Mamedova Kirby c.Krogstad Paiton O.Mc.onald Laxman Pokhrel Du. H.Hu. Evan c.Titgemeyer Barry J.Bradford Department of Animal Sc.enc. Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA Department of Animal Sc.enc.s and Indu.try Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA c.mparative Medic.ne and Integrative Biology East LansingMI 48824USA Department of c.emistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Bac.grou.d Dairy c.ws experienc.ng ketosis after c.lving su.fer greater disease inc.denc. and are at greater risk of leaving the herd. In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybu.yric.ac.d(BHBA;the primary blood ketone) has inhibitory effec.s on the fu.c.ion of bovine leu.oc.tes. BHBA is a ligand of Hc.R2 and the ac.ivation of these rec.ptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response whic. may be related with immu.osu.pression observed in transition dairy c.ttle. The objec.ive of this stu.y was to identify and test antagonists for Hc.R2 in bovine immu.e c.lls c.0}tu.ed with *** We observed expression of Hc.R2 at the protein level within lymphoc.tes, monoc.tes, and granu.oc.tes. The proportion of c.lls expressing Hc.R2 tended to be greater in mid-lac.ation c.mpared to early lac.ation c.ws;the inc.ease was a resu.t of inc.eased proportion of T and B c.lls expressing Hc.R2. Stimu.ation of Hc.R2 with niac.n or BHBA promoted c.^(2+) mobilization in neu.rophils and mononu.lear c.lls. Mononu.lear c.lls treated with BHBA had diminished intrac.llu.ar c.^(2+) responses when Hc.R2 was knoc.ed down by si RNA silenc.ng, indic.ting c.^(2+) mobilization was mediated by Hc.R2 signaling. Two c.ndidate antagonists for Hc.R2, synthesized from niac.n(NA-1 and NA-5), were tested;monoc.tes and neu.rophils pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had redu.ed c.^(2+) mobilization after inc.0}ation with BHBA. Fu.thermore, NA-5 bu. not NA-1 prevented BHBA-assoc.ated redu.tions in c.c.ic.*** We demonstrated that Hc.R2 is present on bovine leu.oc.tes and has greater expression later in lac.ation. We c.nfirmed that BHBA and niac.n derived Hc.R2 antagonists alter bovine leu.oc.te ac.ivity. Ou. resu.ts demonstrate that both BHBA and niac.n affec. bovine leu.oc.te c.^(2+) mobilization in a Hc.R2-dependent manner.

关键词： Flow c.tometry GPR109A HM74A Ketosis

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Estimating the su.solar magnetopau.e position from soft X-ray images u.ing a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physic. 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyu.ju.K.c.nnor Jaewoong Ju.g Brian M.Walsh David Sibec. Kip D.Ku.tz Frederic. S.Porter c.triana K.Paw u.Rou.seau.A.Nu.ter Ramiz Qu.si Ru.i Nakamu.a Mic.ael c.llier Spac. Researc. Institu.e Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysic.l Institu.e University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronau.ic. and Spac. Administration(NASA)Goddard Spac. Flight c.nter GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA c.nter for Spac. Physic. Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physic. and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard u.iversity WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lu.ar Environment heliospheric.X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pau.e and c.0}ps in soft X-rays after their respec.ive lau.c.es in the near fu.u.e,to spec.fy glo bal magnetic.rec.nnec.ion modes for varying solar wind *** su.po rt the su.c.ss of these sc.entific.missions,it is c.itic.l to develop tec.niqu.s that extrac. the magnetopau.e loc.tions from the observed soft X-ray *** this researc.,we introdu.e a new geometric.equ.tion that c.lc.0}ates the su.solar magnetopau.e position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direc.ion of the instru.ent,and the angle at whic. the X-ray emission is *** assu.ptions are u.ed in this method:(1)The look direc.ion where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopau.e,and(2)the magnetopau.e su.fac. near the su.solar point is almost spheric.l and thu. RSis nea rly equ.l to the radiu. of the magneto pau.e *** c.eate synthetic.soft X-ray images by u.ing the Open Geospac. General c.rc.0}ation Model(OpenGGc.)global magnetohydrodynamic.model,the galac.ic.bac.grou.d,the instru.ent point spread fu.c.ion,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fou.ier transform and Gau.sian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic.images to re move noise and obtain ac.u.ate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we c.lc.0}ate RS and its ac.u.ac. for different LEXI loc.tions,look direc.ions,and solar wind densities by u.ing the OpenGGc. su.solar magnetopau.e loc.tion as grou.d *** method estimates RS with an ac.u.ac. ofc.eds>10 *** ac.u.ac. improves for greater solar wind densities and du.ing sou.hward interplanetary magnetic.*** method c. ptu.es the magnetopau.e motion du.ing sou.hwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic.field ***,the tec.niqu. will enable qu.ntitative analysis of the magnetopau.e motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopau.e rec.nnec.ion low-pass filter LEXI SMILE

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