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Significant Lifetime Enhancement in QLEDs by Reducing Interfacial Charge Accumulation via Fluorine Incorporation in the ZnO Electron Transport Layer

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 432-446页

作者： Dong Seob Chung tyler davidson-hall Giovanni Cotella Quan Lyu Peter Chun Hany Aziz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo200 University Avenue WestWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Ipswich Research Centre Huawei Technologies Research&Development(UK)Ltd.Phoenix House(B55)Adastral ParkIpswich IP53REUK Ottawa IC Laboratory Huawei Canada19 Allstate ParkwayMarkhamON L3R 5B4Canada

ZnO nanoparticles are widely used for the electron transport layers(ETLs)of quantum dots light emitting devices(QLEDs).In this work we show that incorporating fluorine(F)into the ZnO ETL results in significant enhancement in device electroluminescence stability,leading to LT50 at 100 cd m^(−2) of 2,370,000 h in red QLED,47X longer than the control devices.X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy,photoluminescence and electrical measurements show that the F passivates oxygen vacancies and reduces electron traps in *** photoluminescence versus bias measurements and capacitance-voltage-luminance measurements reveal that the CF4 plasma-treated ETLs lead to increased electron concentration in the QD and the QD/hole transport layer interface,subsequently decreasing hole accumulation,and hence the higher *** findings provide new insights into the critical roles that optimizing charge distribution across the layers play in influencing stability and present a novel and simple approach for extending QLED lifetimes.

关键词： Colloidal quantum dots Quantum dots light emitting device Device stability Zinc oxide nanoparticles Fluorine

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Assessing Relative Dispersion

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Applied Mathematics 2017年第11期8卷 1572-1589页

作者： Thomas C. Redd Amal El Moghraby tyler J. Tillman Department of Mathematics North Carolina A & T State University Greensboro NC USA Department of Mathematics Davidson County Community College Winston-Salem NC USA

We assess the four point method of relative dispersion proposed by Jones and Winkler to identify the hyperbolic trajectories of a system. We sample a discrete analog to a quasi-geostrophic, single layered flow field and perform a comparison of the dispersion of neighboring points after iteration. We evaluate our method by performing a transformation to (x, y) space and comparing the trajectories corresponding to maximum dispersion with the (x, y) values of trajectories of the Standard map, derived from traditional techniques. We perform a similar evaluation using a 2D Ross by wave. We show that the method of relative dispersion is able to generate 2nd order accurate (on the scale of the discretization) hyperbolic trajectories.

关键词： Relative Dispersion Finite Strain Hyperbolic Trajectories Standard Map Rossby Wave

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