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Diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy using an intraductal anchoring balloon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 3992-3996页

作者： Mansour A Parsi tyler Stevens John J Vargo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM:To report our experience using a recently introduced anchoring balloon for diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy(DPOC).METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for diagnostic or therapeutic peroral cholangioscopy were evaluated in a prospective cohort *** patients underwent DPOC using an intraductal anchoring balloon,which was recently introduced to allow consistent access to the biliary tree with an ultraslim upper *** device was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the ***:Fourteen patients underwent DPOC using the anchoring *** access with an ultraslim upper endoscope was accomplished in all 14 *** 12(86%) patients,ductal access required sphincteroplasty with a 10-mm dilating *** placement of the ultraslim upper endoscope allowed satisfactory visualization of the biliary mucosa to the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts in 13 of 14 patients(93%).Therapeutic interventions by DPOC were successfully completed in all five attempted cases(intraductal biopsy in one and DPOC guided laser lithotripsy in four).Adverse events occurred in a patient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed an intrahepatic biloma at the site of the anchoring *** required hospitalization and *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 8 wk after the index procedure showed resolution of the ***:Use of this anchoring balloon allowed consistent access to the biliary tree for performance of diagnostic and therapeutic DPOC distal to the biliary bifurcation.

关键词： Anchoring balloon Direct peroral cholangioscopy Cholangiocarcinoma Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Choledocholithiasis

Selection of a cut-off for high-and low-methane producers using a spot-methane breath test:results from a large north American dataset of hydrogen,methane and carbon dioxide measurements in breath

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 242-242,I0003页

作者： Klaus Gottlieb Chenxiong Le Vince Wacher Joe Sliman Christine Cruz tyler Porter Stephen Carter Synthetic Biologics Inc. RockvilleMarylandUSA Commonwealth Laboratories LLC SalemMassachusettsUSA

Gastroenterol Rep(Oxf).2017 doi:10.1093/gastro/*** authors wish to inform the reader that any references to‘confidential interval’throughout the paper have been corrected to‘confidence interval’.The paper has now ... 详细信息

关键词： methane dioxide corrected

The “Iterated Weakest Link” Model of Adaptive Security Investment

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Journal of Information Security 2016年第2期7卷 81-102页

作者： Rainer Böhme tyler Moore Department of Computer Science Universitat Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Tandy School of Computer Science University of Tulsa Oklahoma USA

We devise a model for security investment that reflects dynamic interaction between a defender, who faces uncertainty, and an attacker, who repeatedly targets the weakest link. Using the model, we derive and compare optimal security investment over multiple periods, exploring the delicate balance between proactive and reactive security investment. We show how the best strategy depends on the defender’s knowledge about prospective attacks and the recoverability of costs when upgrading defenses reactively. Our model explains why security under-investment is sometimes rational even when effective defenses are available and can be deployed independently of other parties’ choices. Finally, we connect the model to real-world security problems by examining two case studies where empirical data are available: computers compromised for use in online crime and payment card security.

关键词： Optimal Security Investment under Uncertainty Return on Security Investment

Simulations of a logistic-type model with delays for Chagas disease with insecticide spraying

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第3期10卷 41-60页

作者： Nofe Al-Asuoad tyler Pleasant Meir Shillor Hrishikesh Munugala Daniel J. Coffield Jr. Anna Maria Spagnuolo Department of Mathematics and Statistics Oakland University Rochester MI 48309 USA Harrison High School MI USA Novi High School Novi MI 48375 USA Mathematics Department University of Michigan-Flint Flint MI 48502 USA

This work studies and numerically simulates a logistic-type model for the dynamics of Chagas disease, which is caused by the parasite T. cruzi and affects millions of humans and domestic mammals throughout rural areas in Central and South America. A basic model for the disease dynamics that includes insecticide spraying was developed in Spagnuolo et al. （2010） [271 and consists of a delay-differential equation for the vectors and three nonlinear ordinary differential equations for the populations of the infected vectors, infected humans and infected domestic mammals. In this work, the vector equation is modified by using a logistic term with zero, one or two delays or time lags. The aim of this study is three-fold： to numerically study the effects of using different numbers of delays on the model behavior; to find if twice yearly insecticide spraying schedules improve vector control; and to study the sensitivity of the system to the delays in the case of two delays, by introducing randomness in the delays. It is found that the vector equation with different number of delays has very different solutions. The ＂best＂ day of spraying is the middle of Spring and twice annual sprayings cause only minor improvements in disease control. Finally, the model is found to be insensitive to the values of the delays, when the delays are randomly distributed within rather narrow intervals or ranges centered on the parameter values used in Coffield et al. （2014） [8].

关键词： Chagas disease logistic equation with delays epidemic dynamics nonlinear dynamical system simulations.

Stripe Rust Effector PstGSRE1 Disrupts Nuclear Localization of ROS-Promoting Transcription Factor TaLOL2 to Defeat ROS-Induced Defense in Wheat

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Molecular Plant 2019年第12期12卷 1624-1638页

作者： Tuo Qi Jia Guo Peng Liu Fuxin He Cuiping Wan Md Ashraful Islam Brett M.tyler Zhensheng Kang Jun Guo State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiP.R.China Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA

Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst),a biotrophic plant pathogen,secretes numerous effectors to modulate host defense *** the molecular mechanisms by which Pst effectors regulate wheat immunity is of great importance for the development of novel strategies for durable control of stripe *** this study,we identified a glycine-serine-rich effector gene,PstGSRE1,which is highly induced dur-ing early *** expression of PstGSRE1 RNAi constructs in wheat significantly reduced virulence of Pst and increased H2O2 accumulation in ***1 was shown to target the reactive ox-ygen species(ROS)-associated transcription factor TaLOL2,a positive regulator of wheat ***1 disrupted nuclear localization of TaLOL2 and suppressed ROS-mediated cell death induced by TaLOL2,thus compromising host *** work reveals a previously unrecognized strategy whereby rust fungi exploit the PstGSRE1 effector to defeat ROS-associated plant defense by modulating the subcellular compartment of a host immune regulator and facilitate pathogen infection.

关键词： host-induced gene silencing effector glycine-serine-rich transcription factor Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici reactive oxygen species

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完美数及其相关问题

数学进展 2024年第4期53卷 673-689页

作者：蔡天新 tyler ROSS 浙江大学数学科学学院杭州浙江310058

完美数问题是最古老的数学问题之一,可能来源于古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派,被意大利当代数学家奥迪弗雷迪列为面向21世纪的“四大数学难题”之首.本文对古老的完美数问题及相关的梅森素数进行综述,尤其是对其拓展为平方完美数、立方完美数... 详细信息

完美数问题是最古老的数学问题之一,可能来源于古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派,被意大利当代数学家奥迪弗雷迪列为面向21世纪的“四大数学难题”之首.本文对古老的完美数问题及相关的梅森素数进行综述,尤其是对其拓展为平方完美数、立方完美数及S-完美数以后所产生的问题进行了综述.

关键词：完美数平方完美数立方完美数 S-完美数

Pheromone pollution from invasive sea lamprey misguides a native confamilial

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 333-335页

作者： tyler J.Buchinger Skye D.Fissette Belinda HUERTA Ke Li Nicholas S.Johnson Weiming Li Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMl 48825USA U.S.Geological Survey Great Lakes Science CenterHammond Bay Biological StationMillersburgMl49759USA

Animals interact with mates in a sensory environment rife with the footprints of human *** chorus over the noise of traffic(Bee and Swanson 2007),glow-worms search for bioluminescent mates against backlight from street lamps(Bird and Parker 2014),and fish attend to conspecific olfactory cues mixed with sewage(Fisher et al.2006).As invasive species proliferate throughout the world,animals also encounter noise in the form of novel heterospecific signals that can interfere with existing communication channels(Groning and Hochkirch 2008).Pheromones,for example,are often species-specific in natural contexts involving sympatric heterospecifics but may become detrimental pollution when animals invade regions inhabited by historically allopatric relatives that previously faced less selection for signal divergence(Gozlan et al.2014).

关键词： Hoc Bee pollution

Evaluation of ambient mass spectrometry tools for assessing inherent postharvest pepper quality

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2252-2259页

作者： tyler J.Mason Harmonie M.Bettenhausen Jacqueline M.Chaparro Mark E.Uchanski Jessica E.Prenni Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80524USA

Horticulturists are interested in evaluating how cultivar,environment,or production system inputs can affect postharvest *** mass spectrometry approaches enable analysis of minimally processed samples under ambient conditions and offer an attractive high-throughput alternative for assessing quality characteristics in plant ***,we evaluate direct analysis in real time(DART-MS)mass spectrometry and rapid evaporative ionization-mass spectrometry(REIMS)to assess quality characteristics in various pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)***-MS exhibited the ability to discriminate between pod colors and pungency based on chemical fingerprints,while REIMS could distinguish pepper market class(e.g.,bell,lunchbox,and popper).Furthermore,DART-MS analysis resulted in the putative detection of important bioactive compounds in human diet such as vitamin C,p-coumaric acid,and *** results of this study demonstrate the potential for these approaches as accessible and reliable tools for high throughput screening of pepper quality.

关键词： cultivar pepper ambient

A virtual framework of robotic SWARM testbed

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A virtual framework of robotic SWARM testbed