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Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： Njood R.Azeez Suhaib S.Salih Mohammed kadhom Harith N.Mohammed tushar k.ghosh Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit Department of Environmental Science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CSMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CSMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CSMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CSMX composite, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CSMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CSMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CSMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CSMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

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LiDAR-based estimation of bounding box coordinates using Gaussian process regression and particle swarm optimization

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 24-35页

作者： Vinodha k. E.S.Gopi tushar Agnibhoj Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015India

Camera-based object tracking systems in a given closed environment lack privacy and *** this study,light detection and ranging(LiDAR)was applied to track objects similar to the camera tracking in a closed environment,guaranteeing privacy and *** primary objective was to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique through carefully designed experiments conducted using two *** Scenario I,the study illustrates the capability of the proposed technique to detect the locations of multiple objects positioned on a flat surface,achieved by analyzing LiDAR data collected from several locations within the closed *** II demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed technique in detecting multiple objects using LiDAR data obtained from a single,fixed ***-time experiments are conducted with human subjects navigating predefined *** individuals move within an environment,while LiDAR,fixed at the center,dynamically tracks and identifies their locations at multiple *** demonstrate that a single,strategically positioned LiDAR can adeptly detect objects in motion around ***,this study provides a comparison of various regression techniques for predicting bounding box *** process regression(GPR),combined with particle swarm optimization(PSO)for prediction,achieves the lowest prediction mean square error of all the regression techniques examined at *** tuning of GPR using PSO significantly minimizes the regression *** of the experiment pave the way for its extension to various real-time applications such as crowd management in malls,surveillance systems,and various Internet of Things scenarios.

关键词： LiDAR Data acquisition Bounding box Gaussian process regression Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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Robust backstepping global integral terminal sliding mode controller to enhance dynamic stability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2023年第1期8卷 139-151页

作者： tushar kanti Roy Subarto kumar ghosh Sajeeb Saha Department of Electronics&Telecommunication Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and TechnologyRajshahi 6204Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and TechnologyRajshahi 6204Bangladesh School of Science Technology and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMoreton Bay CampusQueenslandAustralia

In this paper,a Backstepping Global Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller(BGITSMC)with the view to enhancing the dynamic stability of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid has been *** proposed approach controls the switch-ing signals of the inverter,interlinking the DC-bus with the AC-bus in an AC/DC microgrid for a seamless interface and regulation of the output power of renewable energy sources(Solar Photovoltaic unit,PMSG-based wind farm),and Battery Energy Storage *** proposed control approach guarantees the dynamic stability of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid by regulating the associated states of the microgrid system to their intended *** dynamic stabil-ity of the microgrid system with the proposed control law has been proved using the Control Lyapunov Function.A simulation analysis was performed on a test hybrid AC/DC microgrid system to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control strategy in terms of maintaining power balance while the system’s operating point ***,the superiority of the proposed approach has been demonstrated by comparing its performance with the existing Sliding Mode Control(SMC)approach for a hybrid AC/DC microgrid.

关键词： Dynamic stability Hybrid AC/DC microgrids Power balance Robust backstepping controller Global integral terminal sliding mode controller Switching control signals

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Spectral narratives of microstructural restyling and their controls on hydrocarbon generation potential from coal

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第3期10卷 167-189页

作者： tushar Adsul Santanu ghosh Anwita Ojha Sudip Bhattacharyya Atul kumar Varma Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Laboratory Department of Applied GeologyIndian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)DhanbadJharkhand 826004India Department of Geology Mizoram UniversityAizawlMizoram 796004India Specialized Coal Petrography Laboratory Natural Energy ResourcesMission II-BGeological Survey of IndiaDK-6Sector-IlSalt Lake CityKolkataWest Bengal 700091India

The low to medium-rank Tertiary coals from Meghalaya,India,are explored for the first time for their comprehensive micro-structural characterization using the FTIR and Raman ***,results from these coals are compared with the Permian medium and high-rank coals to understand the microstructural restyling during coalification and its controls on hydrocarbon *** coal samples are grouped based on the mean random vitrinite reflectance values to record the transformations in spectral attributes with increasing coal *** aliphatic carbon and the apparent aromaticity respond sharply to the first coalification jump(R:0.50%)during low to medium-rank transition and anchizonal metamorphism of the high-rank ***,the Raman band intensity ratio changes during the first coalification jump but remains invari-able in the medium-rank coals and turns subtle again during the onset of pregraphitization in high-rank coals,revealing a polynomial trend with the coal *** Rock-Eval hydrogen index and genetic potential also decline sharply at the first coalification ***,an attempt to comprehend the coal microstructural controls on the hydrocarbon poten-tial reveals that the Tertiary coals comprise highly reactive aliphatic functionalities in the type I-S kerogen,along with the low paleotemperature(74.59-112.28℃)may signify their potential to generate early-mature ***,the presence of type II-II admixed kerogen,a lesser abundance of reactive moieties,and overall moderate paleotemperature(91.93-142.52℃)of the Permian medium-rank coals may imply their mixed hydrocarbon ***,anchizonal metamorphism,polycondensed aromatic microstructure,and high values of paleotemperature(~334.25 to~366.79℃)of the high-rank coals indicate a negligible potential of producing any hydrocarbons.

关键词： Early mature oil generation Meghalaya high-sulfur coal Type II-S kerogen Microstructural ordering Coalification jump Hydrocarbon generation potential

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Observation of trapped light induced by Dwarf Dirac-cone in out-of-plane condition for photonic crystals

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第10期25卷 314-322页

作者： Subir Majumder tushar Biswas Shaymal k Bhadra Fiber Optics and Photonics Division CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute

Existence of out-of-plane conical dispersion for a triangular photonic crystal lattice is reported. It is observed that conical dispersion is maintained for a number of out-of-plane wave vectors（k;）. We study a case where Dirac like linear dispersion exists but the photonic density of states is not vanishing, called Dwarf Dirac cone（DDC） which does not support localized modes. We demonstrate the trapping of such modes by introducing defects in the crystal. Interestingly, we find by k-point sampling as well as by tuning trapped frequency that such a conical dispersion has an inherent light confining property and it is governed by neither of the known wave confining mechanisms like total internal reflection, band gap guidance. Our study reveals that such a conical dispersion in a non-vanishing photonic density of states induces unexpected intense trapping of light compared with those at other points in the continuum. Such studies provoke fabrication of new devices with exciting properties and new functionalities.

关键词： band structure photonic band gap materials multilayers superlattices photonic structures meta-materials

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A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 361-371页

作者： Amit k. BERA Tanmoy MUkHOPADHYAY Ponnada J.MOHAN tushar k. DEY Faculty of Science & Technology The ICFAI University Dehradun India College of Engineering Swansea University Swansea UK Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research (NIT'ITR) Kolkata India

The clay mineral composition is one of the major factors that governs the physical properties of silty sand subgrade. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of mineral composition is essential to predict the optimum engineering properties of the soil, which is generally characterized by different indices like maximum dry density （MDD）, California bearing ratio （CBR）, unconfined compressive strength （UCS） and free swelling index （FSI）. In this article, a novel multi- attribute decision making （MADM） based approach of mix design has been proposed for silty sand- artificial clay mix to improve the characteristic strength of a soil subgrade. Experimental investigation has been carried out in this study to illustrate the proposed approach of selecting appropriate proportion for the soil mix to optimize all the above mentioned engineering properties simultaneously. The results show that a mix proportion containing approximately 90% silty sand plus 10% bentonite soil is the optimal combination in context to the present study. The proposed methodology for optimal decision making to choose appropriate combination of bentonite and silty sand is general in nature and therefore, it can be extended to other problems of selecting mineral compositions.

关键词： silty sand bentonite soil soil mix design multi-attribute decision making

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Development and Integration of a Data Acquisition System for SST-1 Phase-1 Plasma Diagnostics

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第11期14卷 1002-1007页

作者： Amit k SRIVASTAVA Manika SHARMA Imran MANSURI Atish SHARMA tushar RAVAL Subrata PRADHAN SST-1 Group Institute for Plasma Research

Long pulse （of the order of 1000 s or more） SST-1 tokamak experiments demand a data acquisition system that is capable of acquiring data from various diagnostics channels without losing useful data （and hence physics information） while avoiding unnecessary generation of a large volume data. SST-1 Phase-1 tokamak operation has been envisaged with data acquisition of several essential diagnostics channels. These channels demand data acquisition at a sampling rate ranging from 1 kilo samples per second （kSPS） to 1 mega samples per second （MSPS）. Considering the technical characteristics and requirements of the diagnostics, a data acquisition system based on PXI and CAMAC has been developed for SST-1 plasma diagnostics. Both these data acquisition systems are scalable. Present data acquisition needs involving slow plasma diagnostics are catered by the PXI based data acquisition system. On the other hand, CAMAC data acquisition hardware meets all requirements of the SST-1 Phase-1 fast plasma diagnostics channels. A graphical user interface for both data acquisition systems （PXI and CAMAC） has been developed using LabVIEW application development software. The collected data on the local hard disk are directly streaming to the central server through a dedicated network for post-shot data analysis. This paper describes the development and integration of the data acquisition system for SST-1 Phase-1 plasma diagnostics. The integrated testing of the developed data acquisition system has been performed using SST-1 central control and diagnostics signal conditioning units. In the absence of plasma shots, the integrated testing of the data acquisition system for the initial diagnostics of SST-1 Phase-1 operation has been performed with simulated physical signals. The primary engineering objective of this integrated testing is to validate the performance of the developed data acquisition system under simulated conditions close to that of actual tokamak operation. The data acquisi

关键词： SST-1 data acquisition CAMAC PXI plasma diagnostics

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Suberin Biopolymer in Rice Root Exodermis Reinforces Preformed Barrier Against Meloidogyne graminicola Infection

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 301-312,I0028-I0030页

作者： Divya SINGH tushar k.DUTTA Tagginahalli N.SHIVAkUMARA Manoranjan DASH Haritha BOLLINEDI Uma RAO Division of Nematology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India Division of Genetics ICARIndian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

Exploration of novel genetic resources against root-knot nematode(RkN)is necessary to strengthen the resistance breeding program in cultivated rice,and investigations on the role of genotype-specific root anatomy in conferring a structural barrier against nematode invasion are largely ***,we reported a highly-resistant rice germplasm Phule Radha that conferred remarkably lower RkN parasitic fitness in terms of reduced penetration and delayed development and reproduction when compared with susceptible cultivar *** histological and biochemical analyses,we demonstrated that an enhanced suberin deposition in the exodermal root tip tissue of Phule Radha compared to PB1121 can effectively form a penetrative barrier against RkN infection,and this preformed barrier in the control tissue did not necessarily alter to a greater extent when challenged with RkN *** qRT-PCR analysis,we showed that a number of suberin biosynthesis genes were greatly expressed in the exodermis of Phule Radha compared to *** sum,the present study established the role of rice exodermal barrier system in defense against an important soil-borne pathogen.

关键词： penetration suberin lamellae root-knot nematode rice root exodermis

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Optimization of Cultural Condition and Synergistic Effect of Lactose with Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Cellulase Production by <i>Bacillus</i>sp. Isolated from Fecal Matter of Elephant (<i>Elephas maximus</i>)

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第3期3卷 280-288页

作者： Sangrila Sadhu Pallab kumar ghosh Tarun kumar De tushar kanti Maiti Microbiology Laboratory Department of Botany the University of Burdwan Burdwan India

A cellulase producing bacterium (E3 strain) was isolated from fecal matter of elephant and identified as Bacillus sp. using 16S rDNA sequenced based molecular phylogenetic approach. While studying the effect of substrates like Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), avicel, starch, maltose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose and lactose on cellulase production, it was found that CMC was best carbon source induced cellulase production followed by lactose in this bacterial strain. A positive synergistic effect of lactose with CMC was also observed with enhancement of 5 - 6 times in cellulase production. The optimum cellulase production was recorded with 1% CMC and 1% lactose when added individually in the Omeliansky’s medium. The results showed that addition lactose with CMC greatly enhances the production and activity of various cellulase enzymes. The optimal fermentation conditions for the biosynthesis of cellulase by this strain were found to be temperature: 37℃, pH 7.0. The nitrogen source NH4Cl at 0.15% was optimum for cellulase production by this bacterium.

关键词： Avicelase β-Glucosidase Carboxymethyl Cellulase (CMCase) Lactose

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Bone mineral density and disorders of mineral metabolism in chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3516-3522页

作者： Joe George Hosahithlu k Ganesh Shrikrishna Acharya tushar R Bandgar Vyankatesh Shivane Anjana karvat Shobna J Bhatia Samir Shah Padmavathy S Menon Nalini Shah Department of Endocrinology Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Jaslok Hospital

AIM： To estimate the prevalence and identify the risk factors for metabolic bone disease in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS： The study was performed on 72 Indian patients with cirrhosis （63 male, 9 female; aged 〈 50 years）. Etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholism （n = 37）, hepatitis B （n = 25） and hepatitis C （n = 10）. Twenty-three patients belonged to Child class A, while 39 were in class B and 10 in class C. Secondary causes for metabolic bone disease and osteoporosis were ruled out. Sunlight exposure, physical activity and dietary constituents were calculated. Complete metabolic profiles were derived, and bone mineral density （BMD） was measured using dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Low BMD was defined as a Z score below -2. RESULTS： Low BMD was found in 68% of patients. Lumbar spine was the most frequently and severely affected site. Risk factors for low BMD included low physical activity, decreased sunlight exposure, and low lean body mass. Calcium intake was adequate, with unfavorable calcium： protein ratio and calcium： phosphorus ratio. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent （92%）. There was a high incidence of hypogonadism （41%）. Serum estradiol level was elevated significantly in patients with normal BMD. Insulin-like growth factor （IGF） 1 and IGF binding protein 3 levels were below the age-related normal range in both groups. IGF-1 was significantly lower in patients with low BMD. Serum osteocalcin level was low （68%） and urinary deoxypyridinoline to creatinine ratio was high （79%）, which demonstrated low bone formation with high resorption. CONCLUSION： Patients with cirrhosis have low BMD. Contributory factors are reduced physical activity, low lean body mass, vitamin D deficiency and hypogonadism and low IGF-1 level.

关键词： Bone mineral density Liver disease Chronic disease Cirrhosis Bone mineral metabolism Hepatic osteodystrophy

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