Objective: To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the correlation between TLR expression and mucosal changes in chronic sinusitis-related nasal polyposis. Methods: Patients with nasal polyps w...
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Objective: To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the correlation between TLR expression and mucosal changes in chronic sinusitis-related nasal polyposis. Methods: Patients with nasal polyps were enrolled in this study as the study group. The control group consisted of individuals undergoing surgery due to nasal obstruction caused by concha hypertrophy who were not diagnosed with chronic sinusitis-related nasal polyposis (NP). There were 30 patients in the study group (individuals with NP) and 20 patients in the control group. Sterile tissue samples were taken from the patients and were kept at -80°C. A piece of tissue sample was put into the eppendorf tube. Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 gene was investigated in the tissue samples. The samples were taken after the surgery;they were carried into the liquid nitrogen and were kept at -80° C before study. Results: TLR2 and TLR4 expression was measured in both groups and then analyzed using Student’s t-test. In the experimental group, the level of TLR2 expression was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001);however, TLR4 expression was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.656). Conclusion: TLRs are thought to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of NP. In addition, the authors consider that a possible treatment for NP could be a TLR-specific treatment. Thus, in the future it will be essential to determine the extent to which TLRs function in NP formation and to apply this knowledge to design a specific therapeutic regimen for the enhanced treatment of NP.
Although the detection of viral particles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)is the gold standard diagnostic test for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),the false-negative results constitute a b...
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Although the detection of viral particles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)is the gold standard diagnostic test for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),the false-negative results constitute a big *** To examine a group of patients diagnosed and treated as possible COVID-19 pneumonia whose multiple nasopharyngeal swab samples were negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)by RT-PCR but then serological immunoglobulin M/immunoglobulin G(IgM/IgG)antibody against SARS-CoV-2 were detected by rapid antibody *** Eighty possible COVID-19 patients who had at least two negative consecutive COVID-19 RT-PCR test and were subjected to serological rapid antibody test were evaluated in this *** The specific serological total IgM/IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 was detected in twenty-two *** mean age of this patient group was 63.2±13.1-yearsold with a male/female ratio of 11/*** was the most common symptom(90.9%).The most common presenting chest computed tomography findings were bilateral ground glass opacities(77.2%)and alveolar consolidations(50.1%).The mean duration of time from appearance of first symptoms to hospital admission,to hospital admission,to treatment duration and to serological positivity were 8.6 d,11.2 d,7.9 d,and 24 d,*** with reference laboratory values,serologically positive patients have shown increased levels of acute phase reactants,such as C-reactive protein,ferritin,and procalcitonin and higher inflammatory markers,such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate,lactate dehydrogenase enzyme,and fibrin end-products,such as D-dimer.A left shift on white blood cell differential was observed with increased neutrophil counts and decreased *** Our study demonstrated the feasibility of a COVID-19 diagnosis based on rapid antibody test in the cases of patients whose RT-PCR samples were *** of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with
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