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High-quality micro-shape fabrication of monocrystalline diamond by nanosecond pulsed laser and acid cleaning

International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第2期4卷 173-183页

作者： Yasuhiro Okamoto tubasa okubo Atsuya Kajitani Akira Okada Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityOkayamaJapan

The flat plane of small surface roughness below 0.1μm average roughness was obtained for monocrystalline diamond by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation of 1060 nm and post-process acid cleaning,at a laser fluence around the material removal threshold *** glossy and flat plane at the bottom of the micro-groove was parallel to the top surface of the specimen,although the round beam of Gaussian mode was irradiated in the direction perpendicular to the top surface of *** square beam of top-hat mode produced a shallower micro-groove with a wider,flatter bottom compared with the round beam in Gaussian *** creation method of the flat plane with small surface roughness was discussed in the arrangement strategy of linear micro-grooving by the square beam of top-hat *** side-by-side repetition of linear micro-grooving did not create a flat plane with constant ***,a two-step scanning method was proposed in order to overcome the problem in the normal side-by-side repetition of liner ***-removal areas were partly retained between the processing lines in the first step,and the laser scanning was conducted on the retained area in the second *** newly proposed two-step scanning method was practical and useful to create a widely flat plane with small surface roughness,and the two-step scanning method provided superior control over the micro-groove *** proposed method can reduce the surface roughness in addition to the shape creation of monocrystalline diamond,and it can be used as a high-quality micro-shape fabrication method of monocrystalline diamond.

关键词： monocrystalline diamond nanosecond pulsed laser flat surface smooth surface micro-grooving

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Liver biopsy in the post-hepatitis C virus era in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1949-1957页

作者： Yoshihiro Ikura Takako okubo Yasuhiro Sakai Department of Pathology Takatsuki General HospitalTakatsuki 569-1192Osaka PrefectureJapan Department of Pathology Kansai Medical University Medical CenterMoriguchi 570-8507Japan

In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging,the necessity for biopsies has significantly *** change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease,causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy *** article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in ***,it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing ***,it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions,because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for ***,the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these *** conclusion,pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.

关键词： Liver biopsy Alteration Post-hepatitis C virus era Steatotic liver disease Hepatic tumors Immune checkpoint inhibitors

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3D digital-image correlation insight into generalized relaxation behavior of sandstone under stress and pore pressure coupling

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2516-2536页

作者： Cancan Chen Heping Xie Jiang Xu Seisuke okubo Shoujian Peng Cunbao Li Minghui Li State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and GreenEnergyCollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

The occurrence of geological hazards and the instability of geotechnical engineering structures are closely related to the time-dependent behavior of ***,the idealization boundary condition for constant stress in creep or constant strain in relaxation is not usually attained in natural geological ***,generalized relaxation tests that explore the simultaneous changes of stress and strain with time under different stress levels with constant pore-water pressure are conducted in this *** results show that in area Ⅰ,area Ⅱ,and area Ⅲ,the stress and strain both change synchronously with time and show similar evolutionary laws as the strain-time curve for creep or the stress-time curve for *** the applied stress level surpasses the δ_(ci) or δ_(cd) threshold,the variations in stress and strain and their respective rates of change exhibit a significant *** radial deformation and its rate of change exhibit greater sensitivity in response to stress *** apparent strain deforms homogeneously at the primary stage,and subsequently,gradually localizes due to the microcrack development at the secondary ***,interconnection of the microcracks causes the formation of a shear-localization zone at the tertiary *** strain-time responses inside and outside the localization zone are characterized by local strain accumulation and inelastic unloading during the secondary and tertiary stages,*** width of the shear-localization zone is found to range from 4.43 mm to 7.08 mm and increased with a longer *** electron microscopy(SEM)reveals a dominant coalescence of intergranular cracks on the fracture surface,and the degree of physiochemical deterioration caused by water-rock interaction is more severe under a longer *** brittle sandstone’s time-dependent deformation is essentially controlled by microcrack development during generalized relaxation,and its expectancy-life is dete

关键词： Generalized relaxation Stress level Direction coefficient Major-strain field Microcrack damage Stress threshold

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State Predictive Model Following Control System for Linear Time Delays

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2009年第2期6卷 186-191页

作者： Shigenori okubo Faculty of Engineering Yamagata University

In this paper, we propose a new state predictive model following control system （MFCS）. The considered system has linear time delays. With the MFCS method, we obtain a simple input control law. The bounded property of the internal states for the control is given and the utility of this control design is guaranteed. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： State predictive time delays model following control system (MFCS) disturbances.

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Mass balance of saline lakes considering inflow loads of rivers and groundwater: the case of Lake Issyk-Kul, Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第12期13卷 1260-1273页

作者： Kei SAITOH Rysbek SATYLKANOV Kenji okubo Beppu Geothermal Research Laboratory Institute for Geothermal SciencesGraduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityOita 8740903Japan Tien Shan High Mountain Research Center Institute of Water Problem and Hydropower of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720033Kyrgyzstan Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama UniversityOkayama 7008530Japan

This study aimed to elucidate the influence of inflow water on the salinity concentration process of a saline lake and the mass balance of Lake Issyk-Kul,a tectonic saltwater lake in *** on the survey results and meteorological data from 2012 to 2015,we analyzed the dissolved chemical composition loads due to water ***,we discussed the relationship between the increase in salinity and water inflow into the *** the water quality analysis data,we used the tank model to estimate the river inflow and analyze the loads by the L-Q *** groundwater loads were then estimated from the average annual increase in salinity of the lake over a period of 30 *** results suggest that Lake Issyk-Kul was temporarily freshened between about AD 1500 and 1800 when an outflowing river existed,and thereafter,it became a closed lake in AD 1800 and continued to remain a saline lake until *** chemical components that cause salinization are supplied from the rivers and groundwater in the catchment area,and when they flow into the lake,Ca^(2+),HCO_(3)−and Mg^(2+)precipitate as CaCO_(3) and MgCO_(3).These compounds were confirmed to have been left on the lakeshore as *** model analysis showed that 1.67 mg/L of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)supplied from rivers and groundwater are precipitated as evaporite and in other forms per *** the other hand,salinity continues to remain in the lake water at a rate of 27.5 mg/L per *** are the main causes of increased salinity in Lake *** Na^(+)and Cl^(-)are considered to be derived from geothermal water,they will continue to flow in regardless of the effects of human ***,as long as these components are accumulated in Lake Issyk-Kul as a closed lake,the salinity will continue to increase in the future.

关键词： groundwater geothermal water mass balance salinity saline lake L-Q curve

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Effect of stirring on preparation of hollow copolymer particles by alkali/cooling method

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Journal of Central South University 2009年第4期16卷 563-568页

作者：李海普 okubo M SUZUKI T School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Graduate School of Science and Technology Kobe University

Hollow particles were prepared by the treatment of styrene-metbacrylic acid copolymer particles with alkali/cooling method. The influences of stirring position （in aqueous phase or at the interface of O/W） and stirring speed （90, 110 and 240 r/min） on the formation of hollow particles were investigated. It is found that the soft stirring in aqueous phase at 90 r/min leads to the formation of monohollow particles, while the violent stirring at the interface of O/W and 240 r/min gives non-hollow products. In contrast, the weak stirring in aqueous phase at 110 r/min results in sterically heterogeneous dispersion of methacrylic acid-rich regions within the original particles, and hence the formation of multihollow particles. Further investigation indicates that the change of stirring efficiency provides a way to tune the diffusion behavior of monomer styrene, and therefore influences the distribution of methacrylic acid units in the original particles as well as the morphology of the treated particles.

关键词： hollow polymer particle stirring effect morphology emulsion copolymerization

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Fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease concomitant with cytomegalovirus infection:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第4期19卷 597-603页

作者： Hidetaka okubo Naoyoshi Nagata Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kohnodai HospitalIchikawa 272-0827ChibaJapan

Here,we report a case of fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease(GI-GVHD) with cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection in 44-year-old *** the difficulties associated with the treatment of GIGVHD and GI-CMV disease,the mucosal findings and the clinical course showed marked improvements during long-term clinical *** endoscopic findings were remarkable,with diffuse sloughing mucosa in the stomach and highly active inflammation and deep discrete ulcers throughout the *** in the CMV quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were correlated with the endoscopic mucosal findings and were useful for assessing the efficacy of the *** a definite diagnosis of GI-GVHD is generally made by endoscopy with biopsy,the gross appearance of this disease can vary depending on the *** this paper,we also conduct a literature review of patients with GI-GVHD.

关键词： Acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease Allogenic stem-cell transplantation Cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease Cytomegaloviruspolymerase chain reaction Endoscopy

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Geochemistry and sediment in the main stream of the Ca River basin, Vietnam: weathering process, solute-discharge relationships, and reservoir impact

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第5期38卷 627-641页

作者： Ho Thi Phuong Kenji okubo Md.Azhar Uddin School of Chemical Biological and Environmental TechnologiesVinh University182Le Duan StreetVinh CityNghe AnVietnam Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University3-1-1Tsushima-NakaKita-kuOkayama 700-8530Japan

In this study,we investigated the chemical composition of dissolved solids in the Ca River basin,North-Central *** samples were collected from August 2017 to July 2018 at three hydrological stations located in the main stream of the Ca *** weathering was found as the dominant process controlling the water chemistry in that *** average concentrations of dissolved solids generally decreased from upstream to downstream,resulting in low concentrations of the major ions in the downstream *** in the concentrations of major chemical ions and suspended solids at discharge were also *** chemical weathering products were found to behave chemostatically with increasing discharges ***,dilution behaviors of solutes were shown in both midstream and *** evidence shows that water storage in reservoirs impacts a variety of suspended solids and dissolved solids in the Ca River.

关键词： Ca River Dissolved solids Geochemistry Carbonate weathering Suspended solids

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Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow caused by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第10期14卷 2077-2084页

作者： Kengo Fujita Ayaka okubo Toshitsugu Nakamura Nobumichi Takeuchi Department of Medical Oncology Ina Central HospitalNagano 396-8555Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology Ina Central HospitalNagano 396-8555Japan

BACKGROUND Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow(DCBM)is a widespread metastasis with a hematologic disorder that is mainly caused by gastric *** it commonly occurs as a manifestation of recurrence long after curative treatment,the precise mechanism of relapse from dormant status remains *** colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)can promote cancer progression and invasion in various ***,the potential of G-CSF to trigger recurrence from a cured malignancy has not been *** SUMMARY A 55-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma localized on the fifth lumbar vertebrae 6 years after curative gastrectomy for T1 gastric *** palliative surgery to release nerve compression,pathological diagnosis of the resected specimen was followed by curative radiation and *** treatment,G-CSF was administered 32 times for severe neutropenia *** months after completing definitive treatment,she complained of severe back pain and was diagnosed as multiple bone metastases with DCBM from gastric *** palliative chemotherapy,she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation 13 d after the *** examination of the autopsied bone marrow confirmed a diffuse positive staining for the G-CSF receptor(G-CSFR)in the relapsed gastric cancer cell cytoplasm,whereas the primary lesion cancer cells showed negative staining for *** this case,G-CSF administration may have been the key trigger for the disseminated relapse of a dormant gastric *** administering G-CSF to cancer survivors,recurrence of a preceding cancer should be monitored even after curative treatment.

关键词： Disseminated bone marrow carcinomatosis Gastric cancer Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Cancer survivor Immunostaining Case report

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NOx Reduction and Desorption Studies Under Electric Discharge Plasma Using a Simulated Gas Mixture:A Case Study on the Effect of Corona Electrodes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第3期11卷 327-333页

作者： K.YOSHIDA B.S.RAJANIKANTH M.okubo Plasma and Environmental Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems EngineeringOsaka Institute of Technology High Voltage Laboratory Department of Electrical EngineeringIndian Institute of Science Environmental Protection Engineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University

In this study, reduction and desorption of oxides of nitrogen （NOx） were conducted using an electrical discharge plasma technique. The study was carried out using a simulated gas mixture to explore the possibility of re-generation of used adsorbents by a nonthermal plasma desorption technique. Three different types of corona electrodes, namely, pipe, helical wire, and straight wire, were used for analyzing their effectiveness in NOx reduction/desorption. The pipe- type corona electrode exhibited a nitric oxide （NO） conversion of 50%, which is 1.5 times that of the straight-wire-type electrode at an energy density of 175 J/L. The helical-wire-type corona electrode exhibited a NOx desorption efficiency almost 4 times that of the pipe-type electrode, indicating the possibility that corona-generated species play a crucial role in desorption.

关键词： NOx reduction nonthermal plasma electric discharge application NOx desorption

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