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A Possible Generalized Form of Jarzynski Equality

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第5X期46卷 886-890页

作者： tu zhan-chun ZHOU Zi-Cong Department of Physics Tamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan China Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences at Taipei National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan China

The crucial condition in the derivation of the Jarzynski equality （JE） from the fluctuation theorem is that the time integral of the phase space contraction factor can be exactly expressed as the entropy production resulting from the heat absorbed by the system from the thermal bath. For the system violating this condition, a more general form of JE may exist. This existence is verified by three Gedanken experiments and numerical simulations, and may be confirmed by the real experiment in the nanoscale.

关键词： Jarzynski equality fluctuation theorem entropy production

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生物膜泡形状问题的理论研究

物理学报 2016年第18期65卷 125-131页

作者：杨盼涂展春北京师范大学物理学系北京100875

生命活动中的物质代谢、能量转化、信息传递等过程都与生物膜的形态及功能密切相关.本文综述了基于Helfrich自发曲率模型的闭合膜泡、开口膜泡的控制方程及其解析解,并提出了经由开口膜泡边界条件证明分裂膜泡颈端条件的可能方案.

关键词：生物膜自发曲率模型形状

Challenges in the theoretical investigations of lipid membrane configurations

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第2期22卷 36-44页

作者：涂展春 Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China Chinese Academy of Sciences

We report some key results in the theoretical investigations of configurations of lipid membranes and present several challenges in this field,which involve（i）the exact solutions to the shape equation of lipid vesicles,（ii）the exact solutions to the governing equations of open lipid membranes,（iii）the neck condition of two-phase vesicles in the budding state,（iv） the nonlocal theory of membrane elasticity,and（v）the relationship between the symmetry and the magnitude of the free energy.

关键词： configuration lipid membrane

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小系统的非平衡统计力学与随机热力学

物理 2014年第7期43卷 453-459页

作者：涂展春北京师范大学物理学系北京100875

热力学是一个古老的课题,古典热力学以宏观的具有大粒子数的系统为研究对象,自17世纪以来,科学家们构建了热力学的完备公理化体系。将热力学推广至小系统是近三十年来的研究前沿。文章介绍小系统的非平衡统计力学以及小系统的随机热力... 详细信息

热力学是一个古老的课题,古典热力学以宏观的具有大粒子数的系统为研究对象,自17世纪以来,科学家们构建了热力学的完备公理化体系。将热力学推广至小系统是近三十年来的研究前沿。文章介绍小系统的非平衡统计力学以及小系统的随机热力学。作为研究案例,利用时间依赖的谐振子势场控制单个粒子来构造随机热机的类卡诺循环,并发现该热机最大功率对应的效率等于1-Tc/Th,其中Tc和Th分别对应于低温热库和高温热库的温度。

关键词：小系统涨落定理 Jarzynski等式随机热力学随机热机

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生物膜弹性的几何理论(英文)

中国科学院研究生院学报 2008年第6期25卷 849-854页

作者：涂展春欧阳钟灿中国科学院理论物理研究所北京100080 北京师范大学物理系北京100875

利用现代微分几何理论讨论生物膜的弹性行为.首先讨论了开口脂质膜的形状方程和边界曲线方程,并得到了2个解析解,它们代表的形状与在实验中的图形吻合;其次建立了细胞膜的复合膜模型,并讨论了它的力学稳定性,从而证明了膜骨架能够极大... 详细信息

利用现代微分几何理论讨论生物膜的弹性行为.首先讨论了开口脂质膜的形状方程和边界曲线方程,并得到了2个解析解,它们代表的形状与在实验中的图形吻合;其次建立了细胞膜的复合膜模型,并讨论了它的力学稳定性,从而证明了膜骨架能够极大地提高细胞膜的力学稳定性.

关键词：生物膜弹性稳定性

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对球坐标系质点加速度的理解与严格推导

大学物理 2020年第7期39卷 60-62,65页

作者：施鹏毅涂展春北京师范大学物理学系北京100875

从对物理图像的直观理解角度,利用“运动分解”思想写出了球坐标系中的质点加速度表达式,并通过基于坐标变换方法和相对运动方法证明该表达式成立.

关键词：球坐标系质点加速度

Abstract models for heat engines

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Frontiers of physics 2021年第3期16卷 99-110页

作者： zhan-chun tu Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

We retrospect three abstract models for heat engines which include a classic abstract model in textbook of thermal physics,a primary abstract model for finite-time heat engines,and a refined abstract model for finite-time heat *** detailed models of heat engines in literature of finite-time thermodynamics may be mapped into the refined abstract *** future developments based on the refined abstract model are also surveyed.

关键词： abstract model heat engine finite-time thermodynamics

High-energy-density lithium manganese iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 1-17页

作者： Bokun zhang Xiaoyun Wang Shuai Wang Yan Li Libo Chen Handong Jiao Zhijing Yu Jiguo tu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

The soaring demand for smart portable electronics and electric vehicles is propelling the advancements in high-energy–density lithium-ion *** manganese iron phosphate (LiMnxFe1-xPO4) has garnered significant attention as a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of low cost,high safety,long cycle life,high voltage,good high-temperature performance,and high energy *** LiMnxFe1-xPO4has made significant breakthroughs in the past few decades,there are still facing great challenges in poor electronic conductivity and Li-ion diffusion,manganese dissolution affecting battery cycling performance,as well as low tap *** review systematically summarizes the reaction mechanisms,various synthesis methods,and electrochemical properties of LiMnxFe1-xPO4to analyze reaction processes accurately and guide material ***,the main challenges currently faced are concluded,and the corresponding various modification strategies are discussed to enhance the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of LiMnxFe1-xPO4,including multi-scale particle regulation,heteroatom doping,surface coating,as well as microscopic morphology ***,in view of the current research challenges faced by intrinsic reaction processes,kinetics,and energy storage applications,the promising research directions are *** importantly,it is expected to provide key insights into the development of high-performance and stable LiMnxFe1-xPO4materials,to achieve practical energy storage requirements.

关键词： Lithium manganese iron phosphate High energy density Lithium-ion batteries Reaction mechanism Tap density

First integrals of the axisymmetric shape equation of lipid membranes

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 551-559页

作者： Yi-Heng zhang Zachary McDargh zhan-chun tu Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburgh PA 15213USA

The shape equation of lipid membranes is a fourth-order partial differential *** the axisymmetric condi-tion,this equation was transformed into a second-order ordinary differential equation(ODE)by Zheng and Liu(***.E 482856(1993)).Here we try to further reduce this second-order ODE to a first-order ***,we invert the usual process of variational calculus,that is,we construct a Lagrangian for which the ODE is the corresponding Euler-Lagrange ***,we seek symmetries of this Lagrangian according to the Noether *** a certain restriction on Lie groups of the shape equation,we find that the first integral only exists when the shape equation is identical to the Will-more equation,in which case the symmetry leading to the first integral is scale *** also obtain the mechanical interpretation of the first integral by using the membrane stress tensor.

关键词： lipid membrane shape equation first integral Noether theorem