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Effects of stand types on recreational preferences of society in the Sub-Alpine Zone,northern turkey

Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3246-3256页

作者： tuğrul varol Halil BarışÖZEL Ferhat KARA İlkimÇAVUŞKARA Sezgin AYAN Bartın University Faculty of ForestryDepartment of Forest EngineeringBartın 74100Turkey Kastamonu University Faculty of ForestryDepartment of Forest EngineeringKastamonu 37150Turkey Kastamonu-Ilgaz Mountain National Park Directorate Kastamonu 37100Turkey

The main objective of this study was to examine how different stand types influenced the tendency of visitors for varying recreational activities(i.e.,hiking,trekking,camping and hunting)from 1993 to 2018 in the surrounding areas of Uluyayla Natural Recreation Site in Bart1n,northern turkey.A total of 627 visitors were selected on a voluntary basis,and questioned in the form of *** of the participants were in the age of 21-40 years old,and they were mostly(62.4%)*** of the participants(82.7%)lived in cities,while 62.8%of them were tourists when visiting the *** determining the preferences of the visitors regarding the stand types for different recreational activities,several images of each stand were shared with them,and they were asked which stand type they would prefer for a given recreation activity(i.e.,hiking,tracking,camping and hunting).A range of options from 1 to 5 in Likert's scale was used in evaluating the given *** degree of positive and negative effects was examined via trend *** was found that stand type had influence on the preferences of visitors regarding the recreational *** general,unmanaged and moderately treated stands were more preferred by visitors for the recreational purposes,compared to the previously managed *** the other hand,visitors'preference for the activities were different during two periods(i.e.,1993-2005 and 2006-2018).For each recreational activity,there was an increasing trend from 1993 to *** had been a continuous increase for hunting since 1996,and for trekking and camping after *** increases between 1993-1996 and 1996-1999 were likely due to the increasing awareness of the society as a result of the training and consciousness raising activities for nature *** demand on the recreational activities continuously increased in unmanaged and moderately treated stands,while no significant changes were examined in the previously managed *** st

关键词： Camping Hunting National Park Recreation Subalpine Silviculture

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A Comparative Study of Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms for Solving Real-World Engineering Design Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1039-1094页

作者： Elif varol Altay Osman Altay Yusuf Ovik Department of Software Engineering Manisa Celal Bayar UniversityManisa45400Turkey

Real-world engineering design problems with complex objective functions under some constraints are relatively difficult problems to *** design problems are widely experienced in many engineering fields,such as industry,automotive,construction,machinery,and interdisciplinary ***,there are established optimization techniques that have shown effectiveness in addressing these types of *** research paper gives a comparative study of the implementation of seventeen new metaheuristic methods in order to optimize twelve distinct engineering design *** algorithms used in the study are listed as:transient search optimization(TSO),equilibrium optimizer(EO),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),moth-flame optimization(MFO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),slimemould algorithm(SMA),harris hawks optimization(HHO),chimp optimization algorithm(COA),coot optimization algorithm(COOT),multi-verse optimization(MVO),arithmetic optimization algorithm(AOA),aquila optimizer(AO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),smell agent optimization(SAO),and seagull optimization algorithm(SOA),pelican optimization algorithm(POA),and coati optimization algorithm(CA).As far as we know,there is no comparative analysis of recent and popular methods against the concrete conditions of real-world engineering ***,a remarkable research guideline is presented in the study for researchersworking in the fields of engineering and artificial intelligence,especiallywhen applying the optimization methods that have emerged *** research can rely on this work for a literature search on comparisons of metaheuristic optimization methods in real-world problems under similar conditions.

关键词： Metaheuristic optimization algorithms real-world engineering design problems multidisciplinary design optimization problems

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Comparison of a commercial powder and a powder produced from Ti–6Al–4V chips and their effects on compacts sintered by the sinter-HIP method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第7期26卷 878-888页

作者： Mustafa Ustundag Remzi varol Department of Mechanical Engineering Suleyman Demirel University

The present paper is related to the conversion of Ti–6Al–4V chips into powder and investigates the usability of the produced powder in powder metallurgy applications. In this regard, a disc-milling process was applied to Ti–6Al–4V chips and the obtained powder was subsequently compacted. The compacted samples were sintered by the sinter hot isostatic pressing (sinter-HIP) method at 1200°C under high vacuum, their mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated and compared with those of commercial powder compacts subjected to the same preparation processes. The results showed that the produced powder exhibits greater flowability and higher apparent density than the commercial powder. However, the sintered products prepared from the commercial powder exhibited a higher relative density, lower porosity, and, as a result, greater flexural strength compared with the sintered compacts prepared from the produced powder. In addition, transgranular fracture was greater in the sintered products of the commercial powder. The microstructural studies revealed that the sintered products made from both the commercial and the produced powders consisted of α- and β-phase but contained more α-phase. All of the examined properties were found to be substantially affected by the particle size of the powders.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V chips sinter hot isostatic pressing flexural strength porosity

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Gamma(ɣ)‑MnO_(2)/rGO Fibered Cathode Fabrication from Wet Spinning and Dip Coating Techniques for Cable‑Shaped Zn‑Ion Batteries

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第3期4卷 457-474页

作者： Nakarin Subjalearndee Nanfei He Hui Cheng Panpanat Tesatchabut Priew Eiamlamai Pimpa Limthongkul varol Intasanta Wei Gao Xiangwu Zhang Fiber and Polymer Science Program Wilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State University1020 Main Campus DriveRaleighNC 27606USA National Nanotechnology Center National Science and Technology Development Agency111 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand National Energy Technology Center National Science and Technology Development Agency114 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Cable/fber-shaped Zn-ion batteries are designed to power wearable electronics that require high fexibility to operate on human ***,one of technical challenges of these devices is the complexity and high cost for manufacturing fbered *** this work,we demonstrated gamma manganese oxide(ɣ-MnO_(2))/reduced graphene oxide(rGO)fbered cathode fabrication using facile and cost-efective fber production and active material coating ***,rGO fbers were fabricated via wet spinning,followed by chemical reduction with hydroiodic acid(HI).The synthesized rGO fber bundle was then dip-coated with a mixture ofɣ-MnO_(2),carbon black or multi-walled carbon nanotubes,and xanthan gum or polyvinylidene fuoride binder to obtainɣ-MnO_(2)/rGO fbered *** studied the efect of binders and conductive materials on physical properties and electrochemical performance of the fbered *** was found that hydrophobic binder had more benefts than hydrophilic binder by providing higher active material loading,better coating layer homogeneity,and more stable electrochemical ***-shaped Zn-ion batteries(CSZIBs)were then assembled by using theɣ-MnO_(2)/rGO fbered cathode,Zn wire anode,and xanthan gum polymeric gel electrolyte with 2 M ZnSO_(4) and 0.2 M MnSO_(4) salts without a *** investigated the battery assembling procedure on a glass slide(prototype ZIB)and in a plastic tube(cable-shaped ZIB),and evaluated their electrochemical *** CSZIB showed promising maximum capacity of~230 mAh/g with moderate cycling stability(80%capacity retention after 200 cycles)and high fexibility by maintaining the potential after consecutive pressing for 200 times under controlled pressing distance,duration,and testing ***,we explored ion intercalation behaviours and proposed a H^(+)/Zn^(2+)co-intercalation mechanism in ZIB withɣ-MnO_(2) active material.

关键词： Zn-ion battery Wet spinning Dip coating Reduced graphene oxide Manganese dioxide Fiber

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Analysis of the forest fires in the Antalya region of turkey using the Keetch–Byram drought index

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 811-819页

作者： tugrul varol Mertol Ertugrul Forest Engineering Department Faculty of Forestry Bart?n University

We investigated the correlation of large fires（[300 ha） from 1992 to 2013 within the borders of the Antalya Regional Directorate of Forestry using the Keetch–Byram drought index（KBDI）. Daily KBDI values were calculated for each year, and values for the period before the year 2000 differed significantly from those after2000. After 2000（large fires occurred in 2004, 2006, 2007,2008, 2010, and 2013）, when KBDI values increased, the KBDI, but not the number of fires, was inversely correlated with the natural log of the burned area（NLBA）. While there were both high and low KBDI values when the NLBA was small, only high KBDI values were associated with high NLBA values. Particularly for logarithmic values of 4 and higher, KBDI values increased in parallel with increases in NLBA values. On the basis of a Mann–Whitney U test done in addition to a Pearson correlation test, we found that when the burned areas were grouped according to small and large areas, the KBDI could be used to distinguish the two groups. Using a conditional probability analysis, we found that 4th, 5th and 6th class KBDI values may lead to large fires at the 60 % ***, the possibility of large fires greater than the median burned area in any given 6 years was found to be48 %. In addition, while the mean value of KBDI is 390.51 for the period from May to September for these 6 years, it is 359.93 for the other years. Consequently, the area burned also increased as the KBDI classes（Class 0： 0–99, Class 1：100–199, Class 2： 200–299, Class 3： 300–399, Class 4：400–499, Class 5： 500–599, Class 6： 600–699, and Class 7：700–800） increase.

关键词： drought grouped possibility distinguish median turkey conditional explained moisture ranged

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Comprehensive analysis of pulsed plasma nitriding preconditions on the fatigue behavior of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第4期28卷 657-664页

作者： Okan Unal Erfan Maleki Remzi varol Mechanical Engineering Department Karabuk UniversityKarabuk 78050Turkey Modern Surface Engineering Laboratory(MSELAB) Karabuk UniversityKarabuk 78050Turkey Mechanical Engineering Department Sharif University of Technology-International CampusKish Island 79417-76655Iran Mechanical Engineering Department Suleyman Demirel UniversityIsparta 32200Turkey

This study aims to draw an exact boundary for microstructural and mechanical behaviors in terms of pulsed plasma nitriding *** pulsed plasma nitriding treatment was applied to AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel at different temperatures and *** reveal that nitriding depth increased as process temperature and duration *** nitriding depth remarkably increased at 475℃for 8 h and at 550℃for 4 *** austenite structure was transformed into a metastable nitrogen-oversaturated body-centered tetragonal expanded austenite(S-phase)during low-temperature plasma *** S-phase was converted to CrN precipitation at 475℃for 8 h and at 550℃for 4 *** hardness and fatigue limit increased through plasma nitriding regardless of process *** best surface hardness and fatigue limit were obtained at 550℃for 4 h because of the occurrence of CrN precipitation.

关键词： pulsed plasma nitriding S-phase fatigue nitrided layer

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Detection of Mitral Valve Diseases by Bicoherence Analysis of Heart Sound Signals

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光谱学与光谱分析 2017年第10期37卷 3270-3273页

作者： O.Akgun H.S.varol Department of Computer Engineering Marmara University Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering Dogus University

The analysis of 10 normal and 51 mitral valve pathology making a total of 61 heart sound signals that were obtained with Littmann 4100 Digital Stethoscope were conducted in this *** the recorded sound signals were denoised by using wavelet filters,the signals were applied bicoherence analysis that is an high order spectral analysis *** has been demonstrated that varieties of mitral valve pathology could be determined by three-dimensional surfaces of bicoherence and maximum bicoherence values.

关键词： Mitral valve Heart sound signals Bicoherence analysis

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Modeling of the Prediction of Densification Behavior of Powder Metallurgy Al–Cu–Mg/B_4C Composites Using Artificial Neural Networks

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第2期28卷 182-195页

作者： Temel varol Aykut Canakci Sukru Ozsahin Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Engineering Faculty Karadeniz Technical University Department of Industrial Engineering Engineering FacultyKaradeniz Technical University

Al-Cu-Mg/B4Cp metal matrix composites with reinforcement of up to 20 wt% were produced using the powder metallurgy technique. The effects of reinforcement ratio, reinforcement size, milling time, and compact pressure on the density and porosity of the composites reinforced with 0, 5, 10, and 20 wt% B4C particles were studied. Moreover, an artificial neural network model has been developed for the prediction of the effects of the manufacturing parameters on the density and porosity of powder metallurgy Al-Cu-Mg/B4Cp composites. This model can be used for predicting the densification behavior of Al-Cu-Mg/B4Cp composites produced under reinforcement of different sizes and amounts with various milling times and compact pressures. The mean absolute percentage error for the predicted values did not exceed 1.6%.

关键词： Al alloys Composite Mechanical milling Metal matrix composite Artificial neural network

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Protective effects of vitamin E on ethane dimethane sulfonate-induced testicular toxicity in rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第1期9卷 117-124页

作者： varol Sahinturk Canan Guclu Cengiz Baycu Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology Eskisehir Osmangazi University Meselik YerleskesiEskisehir 26480 Turkey

Aim： To evaluate the protective/ameliorative effects of vitamin E （vit E） on ethane dimethane sulfonate （EDS） induced testicular toxicity in rats. Methods： The rats were assigned to eight groups, seven rats in each, and were injected intraperitoneally with vehicle, a single dose of ethane dimethane sulfonate （EDS）（75 mg/kg bodyweight）, vit E （100 mg/kg bodyweight） or EDS ＋ vit E for 3-7 days. Thereafter, the rats were weighed, anaesthetized with ether and killed by cervical dislocation. The left testis weights were recorded and the relative testis weights were calculated. The left testes were processed for routine paraffin embedding. Three right testes from each group were taken randomly and then processed for routine electron microscopy. Tissue sections were examined using light and electron microscopy, and were scored for histopathological changes. Results： Vit E coadministration did not prevent the bodyweight loss on days 3 and 7. However, vit E administration prevented the EDS-induced testicular-weight loss in rats that received vit E for 3 days but not 7 days. The relative testis weight was higher on day 3 （instead of on day 7） than other groups. Nevertheless, the testis histology was not markedly protected by vit E in the EDS-treated rats. Detailed microscopic assessment showed few Leydig cells and abundant fibroblast-like cells indicating only some protection. Conclusion： Vit E cotreatment showed partial protective effects on the testicular weight and testicular histology in rats that received EDS.

关键词： vitamin E ethane dimethane sulfonate toxicity protection testis testicular toxicity rats

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A new record of the freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester,1880(Hydrozoa)in Southeastern Anatolia(turkey)

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第2期29卷 366-368页

作者： Aysel BEKLEYEN Memet varol Bulent GOKOT Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Dicle-21280 DiyarbakirTurkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Province Control Laboratory-21010 DiyarbakirTurkey

We report the first record of the invasive freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester in Kralk1z1 Dam Lake,Southeastern Anatolia,*** medusa was found only in August,2008 when average surface water temperatu... 详细信息

关键词：桃花水母淡水水母土耳其作者水螅地表水

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