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Experience of Drug Abusers Participating in Community-Based Drug Rehabilitation Services Provided by the Counselling Centres for Psychotropic Substance Abusers (CCPSAs) in Hong Kong

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Health 2020年第8期12卷 1008-1028页

作者： Mimi Mei Ha Tiu Carmen Ka Man Fung Wing Yan Fung Yin Yee Lai Chui Man Tse tsz Hung wong tsz kwan wong Wing Yi wong Mei Suet Wu Ka Man Yeung Lok Tung Yeung Yuk Ying Yu School of Nursing and Health Studies The Open University of Hong Kong HKSAR China

Despite the official statistics showing that the number of drug users has been declining, the problem of drug abuse remains serious in Hong Kong. This problem is evidenced by the trend of hidden and prolonged drug abuse. The recovery of drug abusers is an important process, because the misuse of drugs can cause many bio-psycho-social complications. Therefore, 11 Counselling Centres for Psychotropic Substance Abusers (CCPSAs) in different districts in Hong Kong play an important role on those drug abusers [1]. As a core community-based drug rehabilitation service in Hong Kong, studies about CCPSAs are limited. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the experience of drug abusers participating in community-based drug rehabilitation services provided by CCPSAs. Five CCPSA users, who utilized the services for more than two months, participated in the semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Data collected were then analysed by thematic analysis, and five themes were generated: 1) receiving supportive counselling service in CCPSAs, 2) revealing variance towards nonmandatory services in CCPSAs, 3) encountering intrapersonal conflicts when participating in CCPSAs, 4) expanding social network through integration in group activities and 5) wishing to be a companion to other drug abusers. Findings of this study provide valuable insights towards services modification and the enhancement of drug rehabilitation and drug abusers’ wellbeing over the collaboration of healthcare workers, services providers and the media. However, this study has some limitations, and it presents suggestions for future research.

关键词： Drug Rehabilitation Services Counselling Centres Substances Abusers

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Development of An ICR Mouse Bioassay for Toxicity Evaluation in Neurotoxic Poisoning Toxins-Contaminated Shellfish

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期26卷 346-364页

作者： wong Chun kwan HUNG Patricia KAM Kai Man Biotoxin Laboratory Microbiology DivisionPublic Health Laboratory Services BranchCentre for Health ProtectionDepartment of HealthShek Kip MeiKowloon

Objective To develop an ICR （female） mouse bioassay （MBA） for toxicity confirmation and evaluation of neurotoxins （brevetoxins）-contaminated shellfish. Methods Brevetoxins （BTX-B） as a causative agent of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning （NSP） under different shellfish matrices were intraperitoneally injected at different doses into mice to study their toxic effects and to differentiate the range of lethal and sublethal dosages. Their sensitivity and specificity were analyzed with 2 competitive ELISA kits for quantitative determination of standard BTX-B and dihydroBTX-B under different shellfish matrix-diluent combinations. Detection rates of MBA and two antibody-based assays for BTX-B from field NSP-positive shellfish samples were compared. Results BTX-B could be detected in shellfish tissues at concentration of 50-400 μg/100 g under shellfish matrix-Tween-saline media, which were appropriate to identify toxic shellfish at or above the regulatory limit （80 μg/100 g shellfish tissues）. The LD 50 identified was 455 g/kg for BTX-B under general shellfish matrices （excluding oyster matrices） dissolved in Tween-saline. The presence of shellfish matrices, of oyster matrices in particular, retarded the occurrence of death and toxicity presentation in mice. Two antibody-based assays, even in the presence of different shellfish matrix-diluent combinations, showed acceptable results in quantifying BTX-B and dihydroBTX-B well below the regulatory limit. Conclusion The two ELISA analyses agree favorably （correlation coefficient, r 0.96; Student＇s t-tests, P〉0.05） with the developed bioassay.

关键词： Antibody-based assay Brevetoxin ICR female mice LD 50 Mouse bioassay Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning

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The interaction effects of rocker angle and apex location in rocker shoe design on foot biomechanics and Achilles tendon loading

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2022年第1期13卷 96-101页

作者： Tony Lin-Wei Chen Duo Wai-Chi wong Yinghu Peng Yan Wang Ivy kwan-Kei wong tsz-Kit Lam Wing-Kai Lam Ming Zhang Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenChina Li Ning Sports Science Research Center Li Ning(China)Sports Goods Co.LtdBeijingChina Department of Kinesiology Shenyang Sports InstituteShenyangChina

The influences of rocker shoes on foot biomechanics were controversial because the interaction between two design factors—rocker angle and apex location,was usually *** study investigated the interaction effects of rocker angle and apex location on plantar foot pressure,metatarsophalangeal/ankle angle,and Achilles tendon force during *** participants performed walking trials under six rocker shoe conditions:2 rocker angles(mild and severe)×3 apex locations(distal,standard,and proximal),wherein the plantar foot pressure was measured and the movement data were processed by musculoskeletal modeling to report joint angle and Achilles tendon force.A two-way ANOVA repeated measures was used for *** interaction effects were reported in examinations of forefoot pressure,midfoot pressure,and metatarsophalangeal *** standard apex significantly reduced peak forefoot and midfoot pressures(p=0.008–0.034,Hedges'g=0.75–0.84),which was further decreased by a severe rocker angle(p=0.006,Hedges'g=0.51–0.81).Moving the apex proximally reduced Achilles tendon forces(p<0.001,Hedges'g=0.80)and facilitated both metatarsophalangeal dorsiflexion and ankle plantarflexion during push-off(p=0.003–0.006,Hedges'g=0.03–0.82).Rocker angle seemed to have fewer effects on ankle joint angle and Achilles tendon *** concluded that apex location was likely the dominant design factor of the rocker sole in influencing foot biomechanics,yet its interactions with rocker angle should be *** configuration of the two features could be varied to possess different therapeutic merits and adapt to specific application purposes.

关键词： Gait Rocker shoe Biomechanics Computer simulation Plantar pressure

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Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community Structure During and After a Bloom of the Dinoflagellate Scrippsiella trochoidea by HPLC Pigment Analysis

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2009年第2期8卷 141-149页

作者： wong Chun-kwan wong Chong-kim Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

A bloom of the dinoflagellate Scrippsiella trochoidea was detected for the first time in inner Tolo Harbor,Hong Kong in 2 000. Water samples were collected at eight stations along a transect passing through a red tide patch for microscopic analysis of phytoplankton composition and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis of phytoplankton pigments. During the bloom,the density of dinoflagellates was 1.1×106 cells L-1 within the patch and 8.6×105 cells L-1 outside the patch where the phytoplankton community was dominated by diatoms. After the bloom the S. trochoidea began to decrease in density and was replaced by diatoms as the dominating bloom-causing organisms at all stations,and the density of dinoflagellates at most stations was less than 1.0 × 106 cells L-1. The status of S. trochoidea as the causative species of the bloom was indicated by the presence of peridinin,the marker pigment for dinoflagellates. The shift from dinoflagellates to diatoms was marked by the decline of peridinin and the prevalence of fucoxanthin. Phytoplankton pigment markers also revealed the presence of other minor phytoplankton assemblages such as cryptomonads and blue-green algal.

关键词： coastal water HPLC phytoplankton pigments bloom Scrippsiella trochoidea

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The potential development of drug resistance in rheumatoid arthritis patients identified with p53 mutations

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2252-2255页

作者： Congling Qiu Joyce tsz Wai Chan David Wei Zhang Io Nam wong Yaling Zeng Betty Yuen kwan Law Simon Wing Fai Mok Ivo Ricardo De Seabra Rodrigues Dias Wenfeng Liu Liang Liu Vincent Kam Wai wong Dr.Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China Faculty of Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences Wuyi UniversityJiangmenGuangdong 529000China

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by cartilage and bone damage with the presence of pannus formation which causes uncontrollable proliferation and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Since rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disorder,the patients normally need to undergo prolonged antirheumatic treatment with the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs(DMARDs),steroids,and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).The efficacy of such long-term pharmaceutical intervention can be significantly affected by the development of drug *** pathological relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and cancer hinted that some chemotherapeutic drugs,such as methotrexate(MTX),could be used for RA *** idea was reinforced by the analysis of mutations in p53 tumor suppressor *** 50%of p53 somatic mutations observed from various cancers are also identified in the synovium of RA patients1(Fig.1A).Of note,the hyperplastic synovium in RA with overexpressed p53 mutants contributed to the destruction of joints in patients with erosive RA.

关键词： patients drugs rheumatoid

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A Survey on Recent Advances and Challenges in Reinforcement Learning Methods for Task-oriented Dialogue Policy Learning

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第3期20卷 318-334页

作者： Wai-Chung kwan Hong-Ru Wang Hui-Min Wang Kam-Fai wong The Systems Engineering and Engineering Management Department The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Dialogue policy learning(DPL)is a key component in a task-oriented dialogue(TOD)*** goal is to decide the next action of the dialogue system,given the dialogue state at each turn based on a learned dialogue *** learning(RL)is widely used to optimize this dialogue *** the learning process,the user is regarded as the environment and the system as the *** this paper,we present an overview of the recent advances and challenges in dialogue policy from the perspective of *** specifically,we identify the problems and summarize corresponding solutions for RL-based dialogue policy *** addition,we provide a comprehensive survey of applying RL to DPL by categorizing recent methods into five basic elements in *** believe this survey can shed light on future research in DPL.

关键词： Dialogue policy learning(DPL) task-oriented dialogue system(TOD) reinforcement learning(RL) dialogue system Markov decision process

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Artemisinin, the Magic Drug Discovered from Traditional Chinese Medicine

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Engineering 2019年第1期5卷 32-39页

作者： Jigang Wang Chengchao Xu Yin kwan wong Yujie Li Fulong Liao Tingliang Jiang Youyou Tu Research Center China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117600 Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore

Artemisinin and its derivatives represent the most important and influential class of drugs in the fight against malaria. Since the discovery of artemisinin in the early 1970s, the global community has made great strides in characterizing and understanding this remarkable phytochemical and its unique chemical and pharmacological properties. Today, even as artemisinin continues to serve as the foundation for antimalarial therapy, numerous challenges have surfaced in the continued application and development of this family of drugs. These challenges include the emergence of delayed treatment responses to artemisinins in malaria and efforts to apply artemisinins for non-malarial indications. Here, we provide an overview of the story of artemisinin in terms of its past, present, and future. In particular, we comment on the current understanding of the mechanism of action (MOA) of artemisinins, and emphasize the importance of relating mechanistic studies to therapeutic outcomes, both in malarial and non-malarial contexts.

关键词： Artemisinin Mechanism of action Malaria Anti-cancer

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Van der Waals magnets: Wonder building blocks for two-dimensional spintronics?

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InfoMat 2019年第4期1卷 479-495页

作者： Wen Zhang Ping kwan Johnny wong Rui Zhu Andrew T.S.Wee Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials(CA2DM)and Graphene Research Centre(GRC) National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

The unprecedented realization of two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals magnets excitingly extends the synergy between spintronics and 2D materials,started with graphene over the last *** article reviews the recent milestones in the development of 2D magnets and its derived *** particular,a number of critical challenges centered around the scalability,ambient stability and Curie temperature of these atomically thin magnets are *** mini-review also provides an outlook on what the future might hold for this integrated field of 2D spintronics,and assesses its potential in postsilicon electronics.

关键词： spintronics transition-metal chalcogenide two-dimensional material van der Waals magnets

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Visible-light-driven photocatalytic bacterial disinfection in a partition system

Visible-light-driven photocatalytic bacterial disinfection i...

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中国矿物岩石地球化学学会第13届学术年会

作者： NG tsz Wai LEE kwan Yin YIP Ho Yin wong Po-Keung School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong

＜正＞Photocatalysis has received increasing interest for water *** has been well-studied for the inactivation of various microorganisms,including bacteria,algae,viruses,fungi and ***,many different effective visible-light-driven（VLD） photocatalysts were reported to disinfect water-borne microbes with the production of reactive charged and oxidative *** these photocatalysts must be immobilized in practical *** of photocatalyst leads to higher cost and technical challenges for application.

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Features of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning Cases in Hong Kong 2004-2007

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第6期21卷 521-527页

作者： CHUN-kwan wong PATRICIA HUNG KELLIE L. H. LEE TINA MOK THOMAS CHUNG KAI-MAN KAM Biotoxin Laboratory Public Health Laboratory Services Branch Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Shek Kip Mei Kowloon Food and Environmental Hygiene Department Queensway Government Offices

Ohjective To review the clinical features and laboratory investigations of ciguatera patients in Hong Kong between 2004 and 2007 in order to show the timely sampling of implicated fish from ciguatera victims and application of validated mouse bioassay for confirming suspected clinical cases of ciguatera. Methods Diagnosis of the ciguatera victims was based on history of coral fish consumption and clinical presentations stated in official guidelines for clinical diagnosis of ciguatera fish poisoning in Hong Kong. Food remnants of coral fish samples were collected swiftly from ciguatera victims between 2004 and 2007 for ciguatoxins （CTXs） analysis. Results Major clinical symptoms in ciguatera patients included gastrointestinal and neurological effects including limb numbness and diarrhoea, which developed at 0.5 to 15 hours after consumption of fish. In most cases, neurological symptoms were more common than gastrointestinal symptoms. A broad range of attack rate （10%-100%） was observed in each ciguatera outbreak. Validated mouse bioassay on ether extracts of the food remnant samples confirmed that all were CTXs-positive （〈0.5 - 4.3 MU/20 mg ether extract） and directly linked to the corresponding ciguatera cases. Conclusion Consistency between clinical and laboratory analysis for ciguatera poisoning illustrates the application of laboratory mouse bioassay in a timely fashion for confirming ciguatera poisoning cases and implementing effective public health measures. With further improvement in laboratory techniques, features of ciguatera fish poisoning cases can be better defined, Further studies are needed to determine the risk of each class of CTXs （Pacific-, Indian- and Caribbean-CTXs） in Hong Kong.

关键词： Ciguatera poisoning Ciguatoxin Food remnants Hong Kong Mouse bioassay

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