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Comparing 11 early warning scores and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 273-282页

作者： Rex Pui Kin Lam Zonglin Dai Eric Ho Yin Lau Carrie Yuen Ting Ip Ho Ching Chan Lingyun Zhao Tat ChiTsang Matthew Sik Hon tsui Timothy Hudson Rainer Department of Emergency Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of 11 vital sign-based early warning scores(EWSs)and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:We performed a retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with an infection over 3 months in a public ED in Hong *** primary outcome was sepsis(Sepsis-3 definition)within 48 h of ED *** c-statistics and the DeLong test,we compared 11 EWSs,including the National Early Warning Score 2(NEWS2),Modified Early Warning Score,and Worthing Physiological Scoring System(WPS),etc.,and three shock indices(the shock index[SI],modified shock index[MSI],and diastolic shock index[DSI]),with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome(SIRS)and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)in predicting the primary outcome,intensive care unit admission,and mortality at different time ***:We analyzed 601 patients,of whom 166(27.6%)developed ***2 had the highest point estimate(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUROC]0.75,95%CI 0.70-0.79)and was significantly better than SIRS,qSOFA,other EWSs and shock indices,except WPS,at predicting the primary ***,the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NEWS2≥5 for the prediction of sepsis were 0.45(95%CI 0.37-0.52)and 0.88(95%CI 0.85-0.91),*** discriminatory performance of all EWSs and shock indices declined when used to predict mortality at a more remote time ***:NEWS2 compared favorably with other EWSs and shock indices in early sepsis prediction but its low sensitivity at the usual cut-off point requires further modification for sepsis screening.

关键词： Sepsis Emergency department Clinical prediction rule Early warning score Shock index

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Spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae D39

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 198-211页

作者： Wanyue Jiang Tongtong Lin Jiao Pan Caitlyn ERivera Clayton Tincher Yaohai Wang Yu Zhang Xiang Gao Yan Wang Ho‑Ching T.tsui Malcolm E.Winkler Michael Lynch Hongan Long Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity KLMMEOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA School of Mathematics Science Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266000China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Microbial Technology InstituteSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Bacteria with functional DNA repair systems are expected to have low mutation rates due to strong natural selection for genomic ***,our study of the wild-type Streptococcus pneumoniae D39,a pathogen responsible for many common diseases,revealed a high spontaneous mutation rate of 0.02 per genome per cell division in mutation-accumulation(MA)*** rate is orders of magnitude higher than that of other non-mutator bacteria and is characterized by a high mutation bias in the A/T *** high mutation rate may have resulted from a reduction in the overall efficiency of selection,conferred by the tiny effective population size in *** line with this,*** D39 also exhibited the lowest DNA mismatch-repair(MMR)efficiency among *** with the antibiotic penicillin did not elevate the mutation rate,as penicillin did not induce DNA damage and *** lacks a stress response *** findings suggested that the MA results are applicable to within-host scenarios and provide insights into pathogen evolution.

关键词： Neutral evolution Mutation spectrum Antibiotics DNA mismatch repair Oxidative damage repair

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Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai Leung Wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho Ip Ada tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-Chung Lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health index<25.0,7.4%in prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(P<0.01).Among the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health index<25.0,at the expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

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稳中向新,巴黎高定时装周中的思辨细节

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艺术与设计 2024年第6期 118-123页

作者：徐梦婷不详

为期四天的2024秋冬巴黎高定时装周于6月27日落下惟幕,27个品牌完成了作品发布。近年来,在全新的审美体系、科技工艺及评价标准下,设计师们对这个立于时装金字塔尖的传统体系发起挑战已不是新鲜事,然而这一进程如何在每季中谋求变化,成... 详细信息

为期四天的2024秋冬巴黎高定时装周于6月27日落下惟幕,27个品牌完成了作品发布。近年来,在全新的审美体系、科技工艺及评价标准下,设计师们对这个立于时装金字塔尖的传统体系发起挑战已不是新鲜事,然而这一进程如何在每季中谋求变化,成为我们关注的重点。

关键词：时装周审美体系金字塔尖评价标准巴黎

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Why Hong Kong Ranks Highest in Life Expectancy: Looking for Answers from Data Science and Social Sciences

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Journal of Social Computing 2022年第3期3卷 250-261页

作者： Ting Xu Ming-sum tsui Dah Ming Chiu the Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences Caritas Institute of Higher EducationHong Kong 999077China Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kongand also with Data Science Research CenterCaritas Institute of Higher EducationHong Kong 999077China

In trying to explain why Hong Kong of China ranks highest in life expectancy in the world,we review what various experts are hypothesizing,and how data science methods may be used to provide more evidence-based *** more data become available,we find some data analysis studies were too simplistic,while others too overwhelming in answering this challenging *** find the approach that analyzes life expectancy related data(mortality causes and rate for different cohorts)inspiring,and use this approach to study a carefully selected set of targets for *** discussing the factors that matter,we argue that it is more reasonable to try to identify a set of factors that together explain the phenomenon.

关键词： life expectancy data science social science population

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Posterior contraction rate of sparse latent feature models with application to proteomics

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2022年第1期6卷 29-39页

作者： Tong Li Tianjian Zhou Kam-Wah tsui Lin Wei Yuan Jie Department of Statistics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Statistics Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA Department of Statistics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Research Institute NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonILUSA Department of Public Health Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

The Indian buffet process(IBP)and phylogenetic Indian buffet process(pIBP)can be used as prior models to infer latent features in a data *** theoretical properties of these models are under-explored,however,especially in high dimensional *** this paper,we show that under mild sparsity condition,the posterior distribution of the latent feature matrix,generated via IBP or pIBP priors,converges to the true latent feature matrix *** derive the posterior convergence rate,referred to as the contraction *** show that the convergence results remain valid even when the dimensionality of the latent feature matrix increases with the sample size,therefore making the posterior inference valid in high dimensional *** demonstrate the theoretical results using computer simulation,in which the parallel-tempering Markov chain Monte Carlo method is applied to overcome computational *** practical utility of the derived properties is demonstrated by inferring the latent features in a reverse phase protein arrays(RPPA)dataset under the IBP prior model.

关键词： High dimension indian buffet process latent feature Markov chain monte carlo posterior convergence reverse phase protein arrays

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Observer Design —— A Survey

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Chia-Chi tsui Staten Island USA

This paper surveys the results of observer design for linear time-invariant(L-T-I) deterministic irreducible open-loop systems(OLS), the most basic type of OLS. An observer estimates Kxx(t) signal where K is a constant and x(t) is the state vector of the OLS. Thus, an observer can be used as a feedback controller that implements state feedback control(SFC) or Kxx(t)-control,and observer design is therefore utterly important in all feedback control designs of state space theory. In this survey, the observer design results are divided into three categories and for three respective main purposes. The first category of observers estimate signal Kxx(t) only with a given K, and this survey has four conclusions: 1) Function observer that estimates Kxx(t) directly is more general than state observer that estimates x(t), and may be designed with order lower than that of state observer, and the additional design objective is to minimize observer order; 2) The function observer design problem has already been simplified to the solving of a single set of linear equations only while seeking the lowest possible number of rows of the solution matrix, and an apparently most effective and general algorithm of solving such a problem can guarantee unified upper and lower bounds of the observer order; 3) Because such a single set of linear equations is the simplest possible theoretical formulation of the design problem and such theoretical observer order bounds are the lowest possible, and because the general, simple, and explicit theoretical formula for the function observer order itself do not exist, the theoretical part of this design problem is solved; 4) Because the function observer order is generically near its upper bound, further improvement on the computational design algorithm so that the corresponding observer order can be further reduced,is generically not worthwhile. The second category of observers further realize the loop transfer function and robustness properties of t

关键词： Low order function observer robust output feedback observer synthesized design principle faults and time-delays

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DYNAMIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION FOR EFFICIENT PATIENT SCHEDULING： A DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第4期26卷 448-462页

作者： Monique Bakker Kwok-Leung tsui Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management City University of Hong Kong China

Efficient staff rostering and patient scheduling to meet outpatient demand is a very complex and dynamic task. Due to fluctuations in demand and specialist availability, specialist allocation must be very flexible and non-myopic. Medical specialists are typically restricted in sub-specialization, serve several patient groups and are the key resource in a chain of patient visits to the clinic and operating room （OR）. To overcome a myopic view of once-off appointment scheduling, we address the patient flow through a chain of patient appointments when allocating key resources to different patient groups. We present a new, data-driven algorithmic approach to automatic allocation of specialists to roster activities and patient groups. By their very nature, simplified mathematical models cannot capture the complexity that is characteristic to the system being modeled. In our approach, the allocation of specialists to their day-to-day activities is flexible and responsive to past and present key resource availability, as well as to past resource allocation. Variability in roster activities is actively minimized, in order to enhance the supply chain flow. With discrete-event simulation of the application case using empirical data, we illustrate how our approach improves patient Service Level （SL, percentage of patients served on-time） as well as Wait Time （days）, without change in resource capacity.

关键词： Patient scheduling dynamic rostering patient care path discrete-event simulation

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Valorization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)-based bioplastic waste in anaerobic digesters of food waste for bioenergy generation:reactor performance,microbial community analysis,and bioplastic biodegradation

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 523-536页

作者： Le Zhang To-Hung tsui Jiahua Fu Yanjun Dai Yen Wah Tong NUS Environmental Research Institute National University of Singapore1 Create WayCreate Tower#15-02Singapore 138602Singapore Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities(E2S2)Phase II Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)1 CREATE WaySingapore 138602Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore 117585Singapore School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

This study aims to investigate the significance and biodegradation pathways of PHB-based bioplastic in anaerobic digesters treating food waste,where the reactor performance of changed methane generation,bioplastic biodegradation efficiency,and bioinformatic analysis of functional microbes were *** results showed that PHB-based plastic film could be partially biodegraded in the food waste digester,and a bioaugmentation use of Alcaligenes Faecalis(AF)and Bacillus Megaterium(BM)was beneficial to largely accelerate the degradation process through a beneficial shift of both the functional bacterial and archaeal *** community analysis indicated that the major bacterial species belonged to genera Candidatus_Cloacimonas,Rikenellaceae,and Defluviitoga,while the dominant methanogenic archaeal species belonged to genera Methanomassiliicoccus,Methanosarcina,and *** biodegradation analysis suggested that the optimal fractions of AF and BM for PHB-based plastic degradation were 50% AF and 75% BM,respectively,which deserves further optimization and scale-up *** finding of this study would contribute to the combined management of PHB-based bioplastic with food waste for clean energy recovery and a greener environment.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Biodegradable plastic Waste management Energy recovery Bioinformatic analysis Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)

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Raising Tax Certainty:Experience in Hong Kong SAR,China

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2022年第2期3卷 52-58页

作者： tsui Chung-Leung Steven Tax Treaty Inland Revenue Department Hong Kong SAR the People’s Republic of China

An effective mechanism for dispute prevention and resolution is im-portant to both tax administrations and taxpayers in achieving tax *** Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China(Hong Kong)has implemented frontend dispute prevention and backend dispute resolution mech-anisms,including advance ruling,advance pricing arrangement(APA)and mutual agreement procedure(MAP)*** article explains in detail the requirements and procedures and shares the practical experience relating to advance ruling,APA and MAP in Hong Kong region.

关键词： Tax certainty Dispute prevention and resolution Advance ruling Ad-vance pricing arrangement Mutual agreement procedure

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