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m.chanically.driven assem.ly.of biom.m.tic 2D-m.terial m.crotextures with bioinspired m.ltifunctionality

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 663-678页

作者： y.ng Li Lin Jing Joshua m.Little Haochen y.ng tsai-Chun Chung Po-y.n Chen Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA m.ry.and Robotics Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of m.terials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Nature provides a wealth of bio-inspiration for advanced m.terial *** various nanom.terials into biom.m.tic m.crotextures with bioinspired functionalities has spurred increasing research interests and facilitated technological advances in various *** recent y.ars,two-dim.nsional m.terials(2Dm.)have em.rged as im.ortant building block units in the biom.m.cry.field due to their distinct chem.cal,phy.ical,electrical,electrochem.cal,and cataly.ic *** this review article,various m.chanically.driven assem.ly.approaches are sum.arized to fabricate various genealogies of biom.m.tic 2Dm.m.crotextures with bio-inspired ***,sequential deform.tion strategies are discussed to program.ably.construct higher dim.nsional 2Dm.m.crotextures,ranging from.wrinkles/crum.les(one-tim. deform.tion)to m.ltiscale hierarchies(m.ltiple deform.tions).Next,the current progress using higher dim.nsional 2Dm.m.crotextures to im.tate different biological structures and/or induce bio-inspired m.ltifunctionality.is sy.tem.tically.*** showcases of bio-inspiration and biom.m.cry.using different 2Dm.nanosheets are highlighted:(1)wrinkle patterns of an earthworm.that spur the design of strain sensors with program.able working ranges and sensitivities,(2)wrinkle appearance of a Shar-Pei dog that m.tivates the fabrication of stretchable energy.storage devices,(3)hierarchical scale textures of a desert lizard that inspire cation-induced gelation platform. for 2Dm.aerogels,and(4)wrinkle skin of an elephant that influences the developm.nt of 2Dm.protective skin for soft ***,challenges and future opportunities of adopting 2Dm.nanosheets to assem.le biom.m.tic m.crostructures with sy.ergistic functionalities are discussed.

关键词： two-dim.nsional(2D)m.terials m.chanically.driven assem.ly biom.m.tic m.crotextures functional nanocom.osite bio-inspired m.ltifunctionality

Inelastic Scattering of Dark m.tter with Heavy.Cosm.c Ray.

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Research in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics 2024年第6期24卷 68-80页

作者： Key. Lu y.e-Lin Sm.ng tsai Qiang y.an Le Zhang School of Phy.ics and Astronom. Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key.Laboratory.of Dark m.tter and Space Astronom. Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronom.0}and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-m.cao Greater Bay.Area SYSUZhuhai 519082China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

We investigate the im.act of inelastic collisions between dark m.tter(Dm.and heavy.cosm.c ray.CR)nuclei on CR *** approxim.te the fragm.ntation cross-sections for Dm.CR collisions using collider-m.asured proton-nuclei scattering cross-sections,allowing us to assess how these collisions affect the spectra of CR boron and *** derive new CR spectra from.Dm.CR collisions by.incorporating their cross-sections into the source term. and solving the diffusion equation for the com.lete network of reactions involved in generating secondary.*** a specific exam.le with a coupling strength of b_(χ)=0.1 and a Dm.m.ss of m.(χ)=0.1 GeV,considering a sim.lified scenario where Dm.interacts exclusively.with oxy.en,a notable m.dification in the boron-to-carbon spectrum.due to the Dm.CR interaction is ***,the peak within the spectrum.spanning from.0.1 to 10 GeV,experiences an enhancem.nt of approxim.tely.1.5 ***,in a m.re realistic scenario where Dm.particles interact with all CRs,this peak can be am.lified to twice its original *** the latest data from.Am.-02 and DAm.E on the boron-to-carbon ratio,we estim.te a 95%upper lim.t for the effective inelastic cross-section of Dm.proton as a function of Dm.*** findings reveal that at m.(χ)?2 m.V,the effective inelastic cross-section between Dm.and protons m.st be less than O(10^(-32))cm.(2).

关键词： elem.ntary.particles nuclear reactions nucleosy.thesis abundances scattering astroparticle phy.ics (cosm.logy.)dark m.tter

Dy.am.c control of district heating networks with integrated em.ssion m.delling:A dy.am.c knowledge graph approach

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Energy and AI

Energy.and AI 2024年第3期17卷 29-47页

作者： m.rkus Hofm.ister Kok Foong Lee y.-Kai tsai m.gnus m.ller Karthik Nagarajan Sebastian m.sbach Jethro Akroy. m.rkus Kraft Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB30ASUnited Kingdom Cam.ridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore CARES Ltd.1 Create WayCREATE Tower#05-05138602Singapore Cm.L Innovations Sheraton HouseCambridgeCB30AXUnited Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute 96 Euston RoadLondonNW12DBUnited Kingdom

This paper presents a knowledge graph-based approach for the dy.am.c control of a district heating network with integrated em.ssion dispersion m.delling. We propose an interoperable and extensible im.lem.ntation to forecast the anticipated heat dem.nd of a m.nicipal heating network, m.nim.se associated total generation cost based on a previously.devised m.thodology. and couple it with dispersion sim.lations for induced airborne pollutants to provide autom.tic insights into air quality.im.lications of various heat sourcing strategies. We create cross-dom.in interoperability.in the nexus of energy.and air quality.via newly.developed ontologies and sem.ntic software agents, which can be chained together via The World Avatar dy.am.c knowledge graph to resem.le the behaviour of com.lex sy.tem.. Furtherm.re, we integrate the City.Energy.Analy.t into this ecosy.tem.to provide building-level insights into energy.dem.nd and renewable generation potential to foster strategic analy.es and scenario planning. Underly.ng calculations use building and weather data from.the knowledge graph in place of inherent assum.tions in the official software release, facilitating a m.re data-driven approach. All use cases are im.lem.nted for a m.d-size town in Germ.ny.as a proof-of-concept, and a unified visualisation interface is provided, allowing for the exam.nation of 3D buildings alongside their corresponding energy.dem.nd and supply.tim. series, as well as em.ssion dispersion data. With this work, we outline the potential of Sem.ntic Web technologies to connect digital twins for holistic energy.m.delling in sm.rt cities, thereby.addressing the increasing com.lexity.of interconnected energy.sy.tem..

关键词： Knowledge graph Digital twin Inter operability Energy.m.delling Em. ssion dispersi on

Erlotinib com.ination with a m.tochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively.suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 714-726页

作者： Pui-y.n Leung Wenjing Chen Anissa N Sari Poojitha Sitaram.Pui-Kei Wu Susan tsai Jong-In Park Departm.nt of Biochem.stry Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Departm.nt of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related *** activity.of the epiderm.l growth factor receptor(EGFR)is often observed in pancreatic cancer,and the sm.ll m.lecule EGFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy.by.the food and drug ***,erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be com.ined with other drugs to im.rove therapeutic *** previously.showed that certain receptor ty.osine kinase inhibitors can increase m.tochondrial m.m.rane potential(Δψm.,facilitate tum.r cell uptake ofΔψm.sensitive agents,disrupt m.tochondrial hom.ostasis,and subsequently.trigger tum.r cell *** has not been tested for this *** To determ.ne whether erlotinib can elevateΔψm.and increase tum.r cell uptake ofΔψm.sensitive agents,subsequently.triggering tum.r cell ***Δψm.sensitive fluorescent dy. was used to determ.ne how erlotinib affectsΔψm.in pancreatic adenocarcinom.(PDAC)cell *** viability.of conventional and patient-derived prim.ry.PDAC cell lines in 2D-and 3D cultures was m.asured after treating cells sequentially.with erlotinib and m.tochondria-targeted ubiquinone(m.toQ),aΔψm.sensitive *** sy.ergy.between erlotinib and m.toQ was then analy.ed using Sy.ergy.inder *** preclinical efficacy.of the twodrug com.ination was determ.ned using im.une-com.rom.sed nude m.ce bearing PDAC cell line *** Erlotinib elevatedΔψm.in PDAC cells,facilitating tum.r cell uptake and m.tochondrial enrichm.nt ofΔψm.sensitive *** triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in PDAC cells in culture if used at high doses,while erlotinib pretreatm.nt potentiated low doses of *** suggested that these drugs sy.ergistically.induced tum.r cell *** with in vitro data,erlotinib and m.toQ com.ination suppressed hum.n PDAC cell line xenografts in m.ce m.re effectively.than single treatm.nts of each *** Our findings suggest tha

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Erlotinib m.tochondria-targeted ubiquinone m.tochondria Com.ination therapy

Optical Extinctions of Inter-Arm.m.lecular Clouds in m.1:A Pilot Study.for the Upcom.ng CSST Observations

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Research in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics 2024年第6期24卷 323-333页

作者： Cailing Chen Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei tsai Sihan Jiao Jing Tang Jingwen Wu Di Li y.n Zheng Linjing Feng y.jiao y.ng y.an Liang National Astronom.cal Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University.of Chinese Academ.0}of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key.Laboratory.of Radio Astronom.0}and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China

Recent subm.llim.ter dust therm.l em.ssion observations have unveiled a significant num.er of inter-arm.m.ssive m.lecular clouds in ***,the effectiveness of this technique is lim.ted to its sensitivity.m.king it challenging to study.m.re distant *** study.introduces an alternative approach,utilizing optical extinctions derived from.space-based telescopes,with a focus on the forthcom.ng China Space Station Telescope(CSST).We first dem.nstrate the capability.of this m.thod by.constructing dust extinction m.ps for 17 inter-arm.m.ssive m.lecular clouds in m.1 using the Panchrom.tic Hubble Androm.da Treasury.*** analy.is reveals that inter-arm.m.ssive m.lecular clouds with an optical extinction(A_(V)) greater than 1.6 m.g exhibit a notable A_(V) excess,facilitating their *** m.jority.of these inter-arm.m.ssive m.lecular clouds show an A_(V) around 1 m.g,aligning with m.asurem.nts from.our JCm. *** validation using a m.ck CSST RGB star catalog confirm. the m.thod's *** show that the derived A_(V)values using CSST z and y.photom.tries align m.re closely.with the input *** clouds with A_(V)> 1.6 m.g can also be identified using the CSST m.ck *** thus claim.that future CSST observation clouds provide an effective way.for the detection of inter-arm.m.ssive m.lecular clouds with significant optical extinction in nearby.galaxies.

关键词： infrared:stars ISm.clouds Galaxy.structure

FAST Observations of Four Com.ts to Search for the m.lecular Line Em.ssions between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz Frequencies

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Research in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics 2024年第10期24卷 130-140页

作者： Long-Fei Chen Chao-Wei tsai Jian-y.ng Li Bin y.ng Di Li y.n Duan Chih-Hao Hsia Zhichen Pan Lei Qian Donghui Quan Xue-Jian Jiang Xiaohu Li Ruining Zhao Pei Zuo School of Phy.ics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Radio Astronom.0}and Data Processing Guiyang 550025China Research Center for Astronom.cal Com.uting Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China National Astronom.cal Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Key.Laboratory.of Radio Astronom.0}and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Atm.spheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Núcleo de Astronom.a Facultad de Ingenieríay CienciasUniversidad Diego PortalesChile Departm.nt of Astronom. College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringQilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China Departm.nt of Electronic and Optical Engineering Space Engineering UniversityBeijing 101416China Laboratory.for Space Research Faculty of ScienceThe University of Hong KongHong Kong(SAR)China Xinjiang Astronom.cal Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China CAS Key.Laboratory.of Optical Astronom. National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronom.0}and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We used the Five-hundred-m.ter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)to search for the m.lecular em.ssions in the L-band between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz toward four com.ts,C/2020 F3(NEOWISE),C/2020 R4(ATLAS),C/2021 A1(Leonard),and 67P/Chury.m.v-Gerasim.nko during or after their perihelion *** of m.lecular transition lines fall in this low-frequency.range,m.ny.attributed to com.lex organic or prebiotic *** conducted a blind search for the possible m.lecular lines in this frequency.range in those com.ts and could not identify.clear signals of m.lecular em.ssions in the *** several m.lecules have been detected at high frequencies of greater than100 GHz in com.ts,our results confirm.that it is challenging to detect m.lecular transitions in the L-band frequency.*** non-detection of L-band m.lecular lines in the com.tary.environm.nt could rule out the possibility.of unusually.strong lines,which could be caused by.the m.sers or non-LTE *** the line strengths are predicted to be weak,for FAST,using the ultra-wide bandwidth receiver and im.roving the radio frequency.interference environm.nts would enhance the detectability.of those m.lecular transitions at low frequencies in the future.

关键词： astrochem.stry ISm.m.lecules com.ts:general line:identification

m.lecular Oxy.en Abundance in Galactic m.ssive Star Form.tion Regions Based on SWAS Observations

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Research in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics 2024年第9期24卷 83-98页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di Li Paul F.Goldsm.th Jingwen Wu Chao-Wei tsai Donghui Quan Xia Zhang Junzhi Wang Gary.J.m.lnick Jin-Zeng Li Gary.A.Fuller Jinjin Xie National Astronom.cal Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China University.of Chinese Academ.0}of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronom.cal Com.uting Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for Frontiers in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Xinjiang Astronom.cal Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Guangxi Key.Laboratory.for Relativistic Astrophy.ics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Center for Astrophy.ics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophy.ics Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK I.Phy.ikalisches Institut University of CologneZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany

m.lecular oxy.en abundance is a key.param.ter in understanding the chem.cal network of the interstellar *** estim.te the m.lecular oxy.en colum. density.and abundance for a sam.le of Galactic m.ssive star form.tion regions based on observations from.the Subm.llim.ter Wave Astronom.0}Satellite(SWAS)*** obtained an averaged O_(2)spectrum.based on this sam.le using the(SWAS)survey.data(O_(2),487.249 GHz,N=3-1,J=3-2).No em.ssion or absorption feature is seen around the supposed central velocity.with a total integration tim. of t_(total)=8.67×10^(3)hr and an rm. noise per channel of 1.45 m.*** a kinetic tem.erature T_(kin)=30 K,we derive the 3σupper lim.t of the O_(2)colum. density.to be 3.3×10^(15)cm.(-2),close to the lowest values reported in Galactic m.ssive star form.tion regions in previous *** corresponding O_(2)abundance upper lim.t is6.7×10^(-8),lower than all previous results based on SWAS observations and is close to the lowest reported value in m.ssive star form.tion *** a galactic scale,our statistical results confirm.a generally.low O_(2)abundance for Galactic m.ssive star form.tion *** abundance is also lower than results reported in extragalactic sources.

关键词： ISm.m.lecules galaxies:abundances ISm.lines and bands Galaxy.abundances

Half-precessional cy.le revealed by.environm.nt m.gnetism.of stalagm.te in Shizhu Cave from.southwestern China during the Last Glacial

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Huihui y.ng y.-m.n Chou Xiuy.ng Jiang Weny.e Xia Hai Li y. Zhong Jingy. Zhang y.oqi He tsai-Luen y. Qingsong Liu Chuan-Chou Shen College of Tourism.and Air Service， Guizhou m.nzu University Research Center for Future Earth， Taiwan University Southern m.rine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory.(Guangzhou) School of Environm.nt， Harbin Institute of Technology High-Precision m.ss Spectrom.try.and Environm.nt Change Laboratory.(HISPEC)， Departm.nt of Geosciences， Taiwan University Key.Laboratory.of Hum.d Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes， College of Geography.Science， Fujian Norm.l University Center for m.rine m.gnetism.(Cm.)， Departm.nt of Ocean Science and Engineering， Southern University.of Science and Technology

The environm.ntal m.gnetic proxies of stalagm.tes hold significant potential for reconstructing regional hy.roclim.te changes by.revealing the content and grain size of m.gnetic particles within stalagm.tes. In this study. we present the contents and grain sizes of m.gnetic particles within a stalagm.te SZ-1， from.Shizhu Cave in southwestern China from.70.4 to 22.3 thousand y.ars ago (ka) during the last glacial period. Specifically. the param.ters IRm.oft， soil-derived m.gnetic m.nerals， and ARm.SIRm.(anhy.teretic rem.nent m.gnetization/saturation isotherm.l rem.nent m.gnetization)， the ratio of fine m.gnetic particles to total ferrim.gnetic particles preserved in stalagm.te SZ-1， indicate the fluctuation of regional precipitation. Obvious half-precessional cy.les are evident in these two proxies， indicating that hy.roclim.tic variations in southwestern China m.y.predom.nantly.arise from.the heat and m.isture transported from.tropical oceans. These variations are likely.influenced by.shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone and fluctuations in the Asian sum.er m.nsoon.

关键词：

Poly.lex interaction strength as a driver of potency.during cancer im.unotherapy

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5642-5656页

作者： Shannon d. tsai Jam.s I. Andorko Xiangbin Zeng Joshua m. Gam.on Christopher m. dewell Fischell Departm.nt of Bioengineering University of Marylond 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biom.dicol Devices University of Maryland 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA United States Departm.nt of Veterans Affairs Maryland VA Health Care System 10 North Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA Deportm.nt of m.crobiology.and Im.unology University of Maryland Medical School 685 West Baltimore Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA m.rlene and Stewart Greenebaum.Cancer Center 22 South Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA

m.ny.experim.ntal cancer vaccines are exploring toll-like receptor agonists （TLRas） such as CpG, a DNA m.tif that agonizes toll-like receptor 9 （TLR9）, to trigger im.une responses that are potent and m.lecularly.specific. The ability.to tune the im.une response is especially.im.ortant in the im.unosuppressive m.croenvironm.nts of tum.rs. Because TLR9 is located intracellularly. CpG m.st be internalized by.im.une cells for functionality. Poly.lexes can be self- assem.led through electrostatics using DNA （anionic） condensed by.a positively.charged carrier. These structures im.rove cell delivery.and have been widely.explored for gene therapy. In contrast, here we use cationic poly.（^-am.no esters）（PBAEs） to assem.le poly.lexes from.CpG as an adjuvant to target and im.rove im.une stim.lation in cells and m.use m.dels. Poly.lexes were form.d over a range of PBAE：CpG ratios, resulting in a library.of com.lexes with increasingly.positive charge and stronger binding as PBAE：CpG ratio increased. Although higher PBAE：CpG ratios exhibited im.roved CpG uptake, lower ratios of PBAE：CpG--which condensed CpG m.re weakly. activated DCs and tum.rspecific T cells m.re effectively. In a m.use m.lanom. m.del, poly.lexes with lower binding affinities im.roved survival m.re effectively.com.ared with higher binding affinities. These data dem.nstrate that altering the poly.lex interaction strength im.acts accessibility.of CpG to TLRs in im.une cells. Thus, phy.iochem.cal properties, particularly.the interplay.between charge, uptake, and affinity. play.a key.role in determ.ning the nature and efficacy.of the im.une response generated. This insight identifies new design considerations that m.st be balanced for engineering effective im.unotherapies and vaccines.

关键词： cancer im.unotherapy nanoparticle vaccine poly.lex