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Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activities of the Mesocarp of Raphia hookeriFruit against Aluminum Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 396-415页

作者： Hermine tsafack Doungue Anne Pascale Nouemsi Kengne Hilaire Marcaire Womeni Research Unit of Biochemistry Medicinal Plants Food Sciences and Nutrition Department of Biochemistry University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

This work aims to evaluate the antioxidant and protective effect of Raphia hookeri (Rh) fruit extracts and powders against aluminum induced neurotoxicity in rats. Extracts and powder were prepared using fruit mesocarp. Phytochemical contents (phenolic content and flavonoïd) and antioxidant in vitro activity were evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, the ability to reduce ferric ion and Hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. The neurocognitive dysfunction, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and activities of antioxidant in vivo indices were evaluated in the plasma, liver and brain of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) induced neurotoxicity in rats. The highest total phenolic (76.34 mg Eq AG/g of extract), flavonoïds’ contents (13.32 mg Eq CAT/g of extract), the best DPPH scavenging activity and the ability to reduce ferric ion (Fe3+) were obtained with aqueous extract. The administration of aqueous extract (200 and 400 g/kg bw) and powder (5% and 10 %) during 28 days resulted in a significant decrease (P < 0.05) of the time use to find platform and the increase of the acquisition speed of food in rats. Also the evaluation of some biochemical parameters shows the decrease of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and acetylcholine esterase activity and the increase of total protein level, catalase activities (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione level in plasma, liver and brain compared to the positive control group (PC). The best activities were obtained with groups ARh400 and Rh10%. Treatment with aqueous extract and powder of Rh mesocarp ameliorated neurobehavioral changes by enhancing antioxidant activities, cognitive functions. Therefore Rh would protect oxidative damage and preserve neurone functions.

关键词： Raphia hookeri Phenolic Compounds Rats Aluminium Chloride Antioxidant Neuroprotective Effect

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Effects of Graded Levels of Joy Perfume Tree (Pentadiplandra brazzeana) Powder in Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Gut Microbiota and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 514-527页

作者： tsafack Boris Necdem Kana Jean Raphaël Yemdjie Mane Divine Ebile Dayan Agwah Ngouana Tadjong Ruben Donfack Mikael Tchouan Deffo Gilchrist Kengni Noubissie Josiane Teguia Alexis Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit Department of Animal sciences Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Aquatic Ressources Department of Aquaculture Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The restriction of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock nutrition has led to a growing interest in plant feed additives. This study was designed to assess the production performance of broiler chickens fed on graded levels of Pentadiplandra brazzeana powder in drinking water. A total of 448 day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to seven treatment groups with 4 replicates of 16 birds each (08 males and 08 females). Pentadiplandra brazzeana root was grounded and incorporated at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/L of drinking water. Control rations consisted of diet without any supplement (T0) and antibiotic (1 g/kg) medicated diet (T0+). Throughout the experimental period (49 days) feed intake was not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by graded levels of Pentadiplandra brazzeana except for 5 g/L of water that significantly (p Pentadiplandra brazzeana/L recorded a higher (p 0.05) affected irrespective of the level of incorporation of the test spice in drinking water. Serum content in urea was significantly lower (p Pentadiplandra brazzeana/L compared to all other treatments. ASAT, ALAT, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL-cholesterol were not significantly affected by the inclusion of Pentadiplandra brazzeana powder in drinking water. Feeding chickens with up to 4 g of Pentadiplandra brazzeana significantly increased (p < 0.05) lactic acid bacteria count. E. coli and salmonella counts significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with the spice in water as compared to the control diet. In conclusion, the administration of u

关键词： Broilers Growth Performance Gut Microbiota Haemato-Biochemical Parameters Pentadiplandra brazzeana

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Effects of Methenamine Feeding Regime on Growth Performances, Gut Microbiota, Organs Histology and Haemato-Biochemical Profile of Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第2期11卷 238-254页

作者： Kengni Noubissie Guyssela Josiane Kana Jean Raphaël Ngouana Tadjong Ruben Yemdjie Mane Doriane Divine Ebile Dayan Agwa Tchouan Deffo Gilchrist Necdem tsafack Boris Valdes Issa Bachar Issa Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Department of Animal Science University of Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Aquaculture and Demography of Fisheries Resources Department of Aquaculture institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Science of Yabassi University of Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Aquaculture and Demography of Fisheries Resources Department of Aquaculture institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Science of Yabassi University of Douala Cameroon

Microbial resistance in livestock has become a subject of great concern of public and scientific interest. This study was designed to assess the effects of methenamine feeding regime on growth performances of broilers chickens. For this purpose, 120 chicks of Cobb 500 strain, including 60 males and 60 females of 21 days old with an average weight of 639 g and 584 g respectively were used. They were randomly distributed in 60 experimental units of 2 chicks of same sex per cage until 49 days. Methenamine was incorporated in feed (TA), acidified (TEa) and non acidified (TE) water and compared to an antibiotic medicated diet as positive control (T0+) and a ration without any supplement as negative control (T0). The main results showed that, regardless of the feeding regime, methenamine significantly (p 0.05) increased feed inteake, body weight, weight gain and decreased (p 0.05) feed conversion ratio. Methenamine whatever the feeding regime induced a significant increase in lactic acid bacteria counts compared to coliforms and coccidies counts. Salmonella were absent throughout the trial period. Regardless of sex and feeding regime, hematological parameters were not significantly affected, with the exception of white blood cell and platelet concentration that decreased significantly (p 0.05) in male broilers. Serum content in ASAT (Aspartate-transferase), ALAT (Alanine-transferase), creatinine, urea and LDL-

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Ethnobotany, Pharmacology and Phytochemical Investigations of the Seeds of Pentaclethra macrophyllaBenth (Mimosaceae)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2021年第3期11卷 126-141页

作者： Pierre V. K. Sinda Beaudelaire K. Ponou Borice T. tsafack Jonas Kühlborn Roland T. Tchuenguem Rémy B. Teponno Jean P. Dzoyem Till Opatz Léon A. Tapondjou Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg Mainz Germany Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Phytochemical investigation of the seeds of Pentaclethra macrophylla led to the isolation of a mixture of two new aromatic monoterpene glycosides, pentamacrophylloside A (1a) and pentamacrophylloside B (1b), together with six known secondary metabolites: Comososide (2), secopentaclethroside (3), caffeoylputrescine (4), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 2-hydroxymethyl-5-(2-hydroxypropan

关键词： Pentaclethra macrophylla Ethnobotany Pharmacology Aromatic Monoterpenoids Chemophenetic Significance Antimicrobial Activity

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Decision Making Aid System and Decisional Performance of Manufacturing Enterprises in Cameroon

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2010年第10期7卷 52-57页

作者： Alain N. Sone Mbassi Roger A. tsafack Nafosso Faculty of Economics and Management University of Yaound~ II Yaoundd 13611 Cameroon

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Protective Effects of Extracts, Isolated Compounds from Desmodium uncinatumand Semi-Synthetic Isovitexin Derivatives against Lipid Peroxidation of Hepatocyte’s Membranes

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2018年第6期8卷 101-120页

作者： Borice T. tsafack Cyrille L. K. Bomgning Jonas Kühlborn Romuald T. Fouedjou Beaudelaire K. Ponou Remy B. Teponno Agathe L. Fotio Luciano Barboni Till Opatz Télesphore B. Nguelefack Léon A. Tapondjou Research Unit of Applied and Environmental Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz Germany Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon School of Science and Technology Chemistry Division University of Camerino Camerino Italy

Lipid peroxidation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenicity and maintenance of hepatitis. Thus, substances protecting hepatocyte membranes from lipid peroxidation are of great importance in the management of hepatotoxicity and hepatitis. The present work deals with the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of the methanol extract of Desmodium uncinatum, its sub-fractions, the major isolated compounds and some of their semi-synthetic derivatives in order to study structure activity relationships. Using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lipid peroxidation of hepatocyte membranes as a model, the hepatoprotective-guided phytochemical survey of the methanol extract of aerial parts of D. uncinatum was carried out by successive column chromatography. One of the most active compounds (Isovitexin) was chemically transformed to yield new semi-synthetic. The identification of isolated and semi-synthetic compounds was performed using NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and by comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. The n-butanol fraction was the most effective (IC50: 22.9 μg/mL) compared to the crude methanol extract (IC50: 43.6 μg/mL) and other fractions. The n-butanol sub-fractions FA (containing non-phenolic compounds) and FB (mainly containing phenolic compounds) exhibited respective IC50 of 14.36 and 128.2 μg/ml. Purification of FA yielded 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (1), 3-O-β-D- 2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranoxyloleanoic acid (2), (2S, 3S, 4R, 7R, 8Z)-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-[(R)-2'-hydroxyarachidoylamino]-docosan-8-ene-3,4,7-triol (4), spiraeamide (5), mannitol (6), while FB afforded essentially three C-glycosylflavonoids namely isovitexin (7), vitexin (8) and vicenin-3 (9). Chemical transformations (methylation, allylation and prenylation) of isovitexin afforded five new semi-synthetic derivatives: 4',5,7-O- trimethyli-sovitexin (10), 4'-O-allylisovitexin (11), 4',7-O-diallylisovitexin (12), 4'-O-prenylisovitexin (13) and 8-C-prenyl-4',7-O

关键词： Desmodium uncinatum Hepatoprotective Activity Lipid Peroxidation Hepatocyte Membranes C-glycosylflavonoids

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Study of the Osmosis Phenomenon to Predict the Stiffness of the Arterial Wall

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2020年第2期10卷 64-73页

作者： Jeanne Sandrine Mabekou Takam Jean Romaric tsafack Nzifack Medar Fogue Pierre Kisito Talla Unitéde Recherche de Mécanique et de Modélisation des Systèmes Physiques(UR2MSP) Universitéde DschangDschang 237Cameroun Unitéde Recherche d’ingénierie des systèmes industriels et de l’Environnement(LISIE) IUT Fotso Victor de BandjounBandjoun 237Cameroun

In the present work we describe a new expression of total stress taking into account the passive and active contributions but especially the pore level *** attention is paid to the effective stress and osmotic pressure gradient in numerical simulation to understand the mechanical behavior of the human arterial *** new model aims to predict the rigidity of the artery,by using the theoretical model of hyper-elastic,anisotropic and dynamical behavior of human common carotid *** principal obtained result showed that:the osmosis phenomenon is the best parameter to explain the loss water in arterial *** loss of water causes the rigidity of the artery which thus can be controlled by the osmosis *** the results are in good agreement with the expected results of the literature and could play the important role in the diagnosis of the patients with the CVD(Cardiovascular Disease).

关键词： Hyper-elastic anisotropic effective stress osmosis phenomenon

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Study of the Temperature of Cerebral Arterial Blood Flow,for the Characterization of the Degree of Stenosis:Application to Stroke

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2020年第2期10卷 65-75页

作者： J.R.tsafack Nzifack J.S.Mabekou Takam R.Moutou Pitti M.Fogue P.K.Talla Unitéde Recherchede Mécaniqueetde Modélisationdes Systèmes Physiques(UR2MSP) Universitéde DschangDschang 237Cameroun Universitéde Clermont Ferrand SIGMA ClermontInstitut PascalF63000Clermont-Ferrand 33France Unitéde Recherche d’ingénierie des systèmes industriels et de l’Environnement(LISIE) IUT Fotso Victorde Bandjoun 237Cameroun

Based on the biological heat transfer equation of Penne,the internal temperature distribution of the biological tissue was studied,taking into account the evolution of stenosis and *** one-dimensional simplifying cylindrical heat equation of the biological living tissues in permanent regime was solved by the FDM(finite difference method)and analytically,to assess the temperature change under the variation of stenosis,hematocrit,K(thermal conductivity),kinematic viscosity,generation of metabolic heat and the heat transfer *** main results show that the temperature increases as the stenosis and hematocrit increase in size;and the secondary results show that the heat transfer coefficient and the K lower the body temperature while metabolic heat generation increases body *** is in accordance with the literature.

关键词： Temperature Penne’s equation stenosis hematocrit

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Microbial Assessment and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Fish Isolates in an Aquaculture Production Site in Mefou Afamba Division of Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2021年第1期10卷 20-30页

作者： Judith Julie Takadong tsafack Dimitri Alex Kamgain Tchuenchieu Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Manuela Annick Bengue Baomog Jorelle Jeanne Bimem Adjele Evrard Koupestchop Medjo Imelda Lucresse Nouteza Djuikoo Bridget Tata Ndakoh Chelea Matchawe James Sasanya Gabriel Nama Medoua Centre for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM(Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies)Yaounde 6163Cameroon Department of Microbiology University of Yaounde IYaounde 337Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBuea 99999Cameroon International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna International CentreVienna 1400Austria

The practice of integrated fish farming and the use of local fish meal and manure for fish feeding in Cameroon constitute potential sources of resistant pathogenic bacteria in the fish pond ***,a periodical and constant monitoring of the microbiological quality of fish pond is *** study was to assess the microbial contamination of Mfou aquaculture production site and evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial fish *** of pond water(n=36),sediment(n=36),fishmeal(n=12)and African catfish(Clarias gariepinus),kanga(Heterotis niloticus)and Nile Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)(n=36,each)were collected to determine TVAC(Total Viable Aerobic Bacterial Count),FC(Fungal Count),SAC(Staphylococcus aureus count),TCC(Total Coliform Count)and FCC(Feacal Coliform Count).The fish skin isolates of ***,Enterobacter sakazakii,Citrobacter freundii,Serratia fonticola,Klebsiella oxytoca,Proteus spp.,Aeromonas hydrophila,Kluyvera spp.,Moraxella spp.,Pasteurella multocida and Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested against penicillin G(10μg),chloramphenicol(30μg),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(25μg),erythromycin(15μg),tetracycline(30μg),using the disk diffusion *** reveal a heavy contamination of fish farms with microbial load above the recommended *** study indicates that fish ponds are sources of zoonotic pathogens underlining their epidemiological and clinical *** bacterial isolates were multiresistant with a multiple antibiotic resistance index above *** data raise concern about the microbial contamination of aquaculture and associated public health risks in Cameroon.

关键词： Microbial contamination antibiotic susceptibility profile aquaculture pond fish zoonotic pathogens Cameroon

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