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Effects of in ovo delivered xylo-and mannan-oligosaccharides on growth performance,intestinal immunity,cecal short-chain fatty acids,and cecal microbiota of broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1099-1114页

作者： Amit Kumar singh Utsav Prakash Tiwari Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:This study investigated a novel in ovo feeding strategy to determine the prebiotic effects of xylo-and mannan-oligosaccharides(XOS and MOS)differing in the degree of polymerization.A total of 192 fertilized eggs were divided into 6 treatment groups:i)normal saline control(NSC),ii)xylotriose(XOS3),iii)xylotetraose(XOS4),iv)mannotriose(MOS3),v)mannotetraose(MOS4),and vi)no injection control(NIC),each containing 4 replicate trays with 8 eggs per *** d 17 of incubation,3 mg of oligosaccharides(except for controls)dissolved in 0.5 mL of 0.85%normal saline were injected into the amnion of Cobb 500 broilers *** hatch,the chicks were raised for 28 d under standard husbandry practices and were fed a commercial broilers diet ad libitum,and samples were collected ***:The hatchability,growth performance,and relative weights of breast,drumstick,liver,and proventriculus were not different among the treatments(P>0.05).The XOS3 injection increased the total short-chain fatty acid production at d 28 compared with both control groups(Pdepth ratio was significantly higher in the XOS4 group than both controls on the hatch day(Pdifferent among any treatments on d 7 and 28(P>0.05).On the hatch day,the expression level of the Cd3 gene(a T cell marker)was increased by XOS3,while the IL-10 gene(a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine)was reduced by MOS4(Pd with both *** with both controls,XOS3 exhibited a trend of reduction for IL-10(P=0.074).No cytokines or lymphocyte markers were affected by the treatments on d 7(P>0.05),except XOS4 increased IL-4 compared with NSC(Pd higher operational taxonomic units(OTUs)and had more differentially abundant taxa,including order Lactobacillales and family Leuconostocaceae(Pd *** predictive functional profiling indicated that the linoleic acid metabolism pathway w

关键词： Broilers Gut health Immunity in ovo Mannanoligosaccharides Microbiota Oligosaccharides Prebiotics Xylooligosaccharides

Systematic review with expert consensus on use of extracorporeal hemoadsorption in septic shock:An Indian perspective

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 65-75页

作者： Yatin Mehta Abdul Samad Ansari Amit Kumar Mandal dipanjan Chatterjee Gauri Shankar Sharma Prachee Sathe Purvesh V Umraniya Rajib Paul Sachin Gupta Vinod singh Yogendra Pal singh Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India department of Pulmonology Sleep and Critical CareFortis HospitalMohaliPunjabMohali 160062PunjabIndia department of Cardio-Puimonary Critical Care Medica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India department of Critical Care Medicine Fortis HospitalNew Delhi 110070India department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India department of Critical Care Medicine Bhailal Amin General HospitalVadodara 390003GujaratIndia department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India department of Anaesthesiology Narayana Superspeciality HospitalGurugram 122002India department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of Critical Care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalDelhi 110092India

BACKGROUNd Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterised by deterioration in circulatory and cellular-metabolic *** standard therapy,the outcomes are *** adjuvant therapy,such as CytoSorb®extracorporeal haemoadsorption device,has been investigated and shown promising ***,there is a lack of some guidance to make clinical decisions on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption as an adjuvant therapy in septic shock in Indian ***,this expert consensus was *** To formulate/establish specific consensus statements on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption treatment based on the best available evidence and contextualised to the Indian *** We performed a comprehensive literature on CytoSorb®haemoadsorption in sepsis,septic shock in PubMed selecting papers published between January 2011 and March 20232021 in English *** statements for a consensus document were developed based on the summarised literature analysis and identification of knowledge *** a modified delphi approach combining evidence appraisal and expert opinion,the following topics related to CytoSorb®in septic shock were addressed:need for adjuvant therapy,initiation timeline,need for Interleukin-6 levels,duration of therapy,change of adsorbers,safety,prerequisite condition,efficacy endpoints and management *** expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** 11 experts in the consensus group(100%)participated in the first,second and third round of *** three iterative voting rounds and adapting two statements,consensus was achieved on nine statements out of nine *** consensus expert panel also recognised the necessity to form an associatio

关键词： Consensus CytoSorb Cytokine Hemoadsorption Refractory Sepsis Septic shock

Primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation:From pathogenesis to future frontiers

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第3期13卷 58-85页

作者： Sanjeet singh Avtaar singh Sudeep das de Ahmed Al-Adhami Ramesh singh Peter MA Hopkins PhilipAlan Curry department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SAUnited Kingdom Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom Heart and Lung Transplant Unit Wythenshawe HospitalManchester M239NJUnited Kingdom department of Heart and Lung Transplant Royal Papworth HospitalCambridge CB20AYUnited Kingdom Mechanical Circulatory Support Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Queensland Lung Transplant Service Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLD 4032Australia department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Golden Jubilee National HospitalGlasgow G814DYUnited Kingdom

Lung transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage lung ***,just under 5000 lung transplants are performed worldwide ***,a major scourge leading to 90-d and 1-year mortality remains primary graft *** is a spectrum of lung injury ranging from mild to severe depending on the level of hypoxaemia and lung injury *** review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,risk factors,outcomes,and future frontiers involved in mitigating primary graft *** current diagnostic criteria are examined alongside changes from the previous *** also highlight the issues surrounding chronic lung allograft dysfunction and identify the novel therapies available for ex-vivo lung *** primary graft dysfunction remains a significant contributor to 90-d and 1-year mortality,ongoing research and development abreast with current technological advancements have shed some light on the issue in pursuit of future diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

关键词： Primary graft dysfunction Lung transplantation Pathophysiology Risk factors Extracorporeal membranous oxygenation

Exopolysaccharide-Producing Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Under Salinity Condition

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Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 214-222页

作者： S.K.UPAdHYAY J.S.singh d.P.singh department of Environmental Science Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedker (Central) UniversityRaibarelly RoadLucknow-226025 (India)

Salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can play an important role in alleviating soil salinity stress during plant growth and bacterial exopolysaccharide (EPS) can also help to mitigate salinity stress by reducing the content of Na + available for plant *** this study,native bacterial strains of wheat rhizosphere in soils of Varanasi,India,were screened to identify the EPS-producing salt-tolerant rhizobacteria with plant growth-promoting *** various rhizobacteria strains were isolated and identified using 16S rdNA *** plant growth-promoting effect of inoculation of seedlings with these bacterial strains was evaluated under soil salinity conditions in a pot *** bacterial strains which initially showed tolerance up to 80 g L -1 NaCl also exhibited an EPS-producing *** results suggested that the isolated bacterial strains demonstrated some of the plant growth-promoting traits such as phosphate solubilizing ability and production of auxin,proline,reducing sugars,and total soluble ***,the inoculated wheat plants had an increased biomass compared to the un-inoculated plants.

关键词：植物生长素促生菌盐环境分离菌株 rdNA序列根际土壤接种效果生产潜力

3d convolutional selective autoencoder for instability detection in combustion systems

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 80-90页

作者： tryambak Gangopadhyay Vikram Ramanan Adedotun Akintayo Paige K Boor Soumalya Sarkar Satyanarayanan R Chakravarthy Soumik Sarkar department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Indian Institute of Technology Madras ChennaiIndia Intel Corporation FolsomCAUSA Raytheon Technologies East HartfordCTUSA

While analytical solutions of critical(phase)transitions in dynamical systems are abundant for simple nonlinear systems,such analysis remains intractable for real-life dynamical systems.A key example is thermoacoustic insta-bility in combustion,where prediction or early detection of the onset of instability is a hard technical challenge,which needs to be addressed to build safer and more energy-efficient gas turbine engines powering aerospace and energy *** instabilities arising in combustion chambers of engines are mathematically too complex to *** address this issue in a data-driven manner instead,we propose a novel deep learning architecture called 3d convolutional selective autoencoder(3d-CSAE)to detect the evolution of self-excited oscillations using spatiotemporal data,i.e.,hi-speed videos taken from a swirl-stabilized combustor(laboratory surrogate of gas turbine engine combustor).3d-CSAE consists of filters to learn,in a hierarchical fashion,the complex visual and dynamic features related to combustion instability from the training videos(i.e.,two spatial dimensions for the image frames and the third dimension for time).We train the 3d-CSAE on frames of videos obtained from a limited set of operating *** select the 3d-CSAE hyper-parameters that are effective for characterizing hierarchical and multiscale instability structure evolution by utilizing the dynamic information available in the *** proposed model clearly shows performance improvement in detecting the precursors and the onset of *** machine learning-driven results are verified with physics-based off-line *** active control mechanisms can directly leverage the proposed online detection capability of 3d-CSAE to mitigate the adverse effects of combustion instabilities on the engine operating under various stringent requirements and conditions.

关键词： 3d deep learning Convolutional autoencoder Hi-speed video analytics Combustion instability Gas turbine engines Early detection Instability precursors Physics-based validation

Oxygen Fugacity and Water Activity during Thermal Peak and Retrogression of Granulites around the Sarvapuram Area, Karimnagar Granulite Terrane, Andhra Pradesh, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1900-1908页

作者： P.Chandra singh d.PRAKASH department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyPowaiMumbai400076India Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

The investigated area around Sarvapuram represents a part of the Karimnagar granulite terrane of the Eastern dharwar Craton, India. Garnet–bearing gneiss is hosted as enclaves, pods within granite gneiss and charnockite. It is largely made up of garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, K–feldspar, sillimanite and quartz. The peak metamorphic stage is represented by the equilibrium mineral assemblage i.e. garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, sillimanite and quartz. Breakdown of the garnet as well as preservation of the orthopyroxene–cordierite symplectite, formation of cordierite with the consumption of the garnet + sillimanite + quartz represents the decompressional event. The thermobarometric calculations suggest a retrograde P–T path with a substantial decompression of c. 3.0 kbar. The water activity(XH2 O) conditions obtained with the win TWQ program for core and symplectite compositions from garnet–bearing gneiss are 0.07–0.14 and 0.11–0.16 respectively. The quantitative estimation of oxygen fugacity in garnet–bearing gneiss reveal log f O2 values ranging from-11.38 to-14.05. This high oxidation state could be one of the reasons that account for the absence of graphite in these rocks.

关键词： metamorphic conditions oxygen fugacity water activity garnet–bearing gneisses Karimnagar granulite terrane India

Hyperglycemia in COVId-19 infection without diabetes mellitus:Association with inflammatory markers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1287-1298页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha Garima singh Abinesh Sekar Maya Gogtay Yuvaraj singh George MAbraham Nitin Trivedi department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States department of Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTX 78229United States department of Internal Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

BACKGROUNd New onset hyperglycemia is common in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVId-19)*** storm due to COVId-19 infection is an essential etiology for new-onset hyperglycemia,but factors like direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-induced pancreaticβ-cell failure have also been postulated to play a *** We plan to investigate further the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyperglycemia,particularly the rationale of the cytokine-induced hyperglycemia hypothesis,by evaluating the association between inflammatory markers and new onset hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with COVId-19 *** We conducted a retrospective case-control study on adults without diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVId-19 *** serum levels of glucose and inflammatory markers at presentation before initiation of corticosteroid were *** was defined as glucose levels≥140 mg/dL.C-Reactive protein(CRP)≥100 mg/L,ferritin≥530 ng/mL,lactate dehydrogenase(LdH)≥590 U/L,and d-dimer≥0.5 mg/L were considered *** used theχ2 test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and calculated the logistic regression for *** Of the 520 patients screened,248 met the inclusion *** demographics were equally distributed between patients with hyperglycemia and those who were *** inflammatory markers in patients with or without new-onset hyperglycemia were elevated as follows:CRP(58.1%vs 65.6%,P=0.29),ferritin(48.4%vs 34.9%,P=0.14),d-dimer(37.1%vs 37.1%,P=0.76)and LdH(19.4%vs 11.8%,P=0.02).Logistic regression analysis showed LdH odds ratio(OR)=1.623(P=0.256).We observed significantly higher mortality(24.2%vs 9.1%,P=0.001;OR=2.528,P=0.024)and length of stay(8.89 vs 6.69,P=0.026)in patients with *** Our study showed no association between CRP,ferritin,LdH,d-dimer levels,and new-onset hyperg

关键词： COVId-19 Inflammatory markers Hyperglycemia C-reactive protein Mortality Severity Mechanisms diabetes mellitus

Time dependent differences in gray matter volume post mild traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第6期11卷 920-921页

作者： Prabhjyot singh William d.S.Killgore department of Psychiatry University of Arizona

When the brain is subjected to excessive physical forces,including blunt impact,high-speed rotation,or blast overpressure waves,its tissue structure and function can be compromised,leading to traumatic brain injury（... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic rotation cortical fusiform blast cortex distraction blunt gyrus medial

Effect of URM infills on seismic vulnerability of Indian code designed RC frame buildings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第2期11卷 233-241页

作者： Putul Haldar Yogendra singh d.K.Paul department of Earthquake Engineering IIT RoorkeeRoorkee-247667India

Unreinforced Masonry (URM) is the most common partitioning material in framed buildings in India and many other countries. Although it is well-known that under lateral loading the behavior and modes of failure of the frame buildings change significantly due to infill-frame interaction, the general design practice is to treat infills as nonstructural elements and their stiffness, strength and interaction with the frame is often ignored, primarily because of difficulties in simulation and lack of modeling guidelines in design codes. The Indian Standard, like many other national codes, does not provide explicit insight into the anticipated performance and associated vulnerability of infilled frames. This paper presents an analytical study on the seismic performance and fragility analysis of Indian code-designed RC frame buildings with and without URM infills. Infills are modeled as diagonal struts as per ASCE 41 guidelines and various modes of failure are considered. HAZUS methodology along with nonlinear static analysis is used to compare the seismic vulnerability of bare and infilled frames. The comparative study suggests that URM infills result in a significant increase in the seismic vulnerability of RC frames and their effect needs to be properly incorporated in design codes.

关键词： URM infill RC frame building Indian seismic design code seismic performance seismic vulnerability