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Alkaline phosphatase as a bio-indicator of phosphorus-eutrophy in freshwater ecosystems: A review

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 349-360页

作者： Madhulika singh Jitendra Pandey Ganga River Ecology Research Laboratory Environmental Science Division Centre of Advanced Study in Botany Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University

Limnologists have greatly advanced the understanding of indicators of phosphorus(P)-eutrophy in surface waters. Biotic variables such as macro-invertebrates, fish, zooplankton, benthic algae, and diatoms are extensively used for bio-assessment of eutrophy. New concepts highlight the importance of bed-sediment based “response” variables predicting functional shifts during eutrophication. A cross analysis of studies reveals that alkaline phosphatase(ALP), which serves as a proxy of P-deficiency, and also as an indicator of benthic anoxia/hypoxia-driven feedbacks, can be an easy to measure, cost-effective and reliable tool to assess changes in nutrient stoichiometry, trophic status, and ecological functioning at the sediment-water interface. Here, the issues discussed in this paper are highly relevant to explore new domains of research and “response” based ecosystem models for potential eutrophication management decisions. Because ALP is used in molecular cloning and fingerprinting studies, it is suggested that approaches based on the “omics” technologies need to be used to explore more intricate connections to empirically address ALP-P-eutrophy linkages to track eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： Alkaline phosphatase Sediment based-indicators Ecosystem feedback Nutrient stoichiometry Phosphorus-eutrophy

Utilization of lignocellulosic plant residues for compost formation and its role in improving soil fertility

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 700-716页

作者： ALOKIKA ANU Bijender singh Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology Departmentof MicrobiologyMaharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtakHaryana 124001India department of Biotechnology Central University of HaryanaJant-PaliMahendergarhHaryana 123031India

Globally,urbanization and a steady increase in population generate a huge amount of wastes,which leads to a series of economic,social,and environmental changes,mainly in developing *** is an utmost need for efficient management strategies for the beneficial utilization of these wastes into useful *** these strategies,composting is gaining attention due to its benefits of solid waste management,such as proper sterilization,and economical and effective bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to valuable *** is an effective and sustainable approach for the management of various lignocellulosic *** process comprises a series of effective waste treatment steps to ensure sustainable *** composting methods have been explored for solid waste ***,the influence of various factors relevant to composting has been *** play a significant role in enhancing the degradation of lignocellulosic residues by secreting different hydrolytic *** has been utilized for increasing soil properties and improving plant growth.

关键词： abiotic factors composting method plant growth promotion remediation sustainable agriculture vermicomposting waste management

Experimental investigation into the effects of Argemone biodiesel/diesel blends on cyclic variations in a multi-cylinder CRdI engine

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 363-374页

作者： Abhinav Sharma Prem Kumar Sarbjot singh Sandhu Mandeep singh department of Mechanical Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar-144011PunjabIndia

Internal combustion engines suffer from high cyclic variations that result in higher emissions,lower efficiency,higher fuel consump-tion and poor *** purpose of this study is to investigate how Argemone mexicana biodiesel(AGB)/diesel blended fuels affect the cyclic variability of combustion parameters such as maximum cylinder pressure(Pmax)and indicated mean effective pressure(IMEP)in a four-cylinder turbocharged intercooled common-rail direct injection engine under various engine loading *** chemical and physical properties of AGB produced from *** oil were measured and compared according to the ASTM d6751 *** various volumetric ratios,AGB and diesel fuel were blended as d100,AB10(10%AGB+90%d100),AB20(20%AGB+80%d100)and AB30(30%AGB+70%d100).The IMEP and Pmax time-series data were collected over 200 consecutive cycles at low,partial and high engine loads at a constant engine speed of 2000 *** coefficients of variation(COV)of combustion parameters(Pmax and IMEP)were measured for different AGB/diesel blends and found to be within acceptable *** results show that COV_(Pmax) and COV_(IMEP) decrease as the engine load *** was observed that at low load,AB10 has the lowest COV(Pmax,IMEP),and at partial and high load,AB20 has the lowest COV(Pmax,IMEP)among all the blends.

关键词： indicated mean effective pressure cyclic variations biodiesel diesel engine Argemone mexicana biodiesel

decadal trends in precipitable water vapor over the Indus River Basin using ERA5 reanalysis data

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第10期20卷 2928-2945页

作者： Seema RANI Jyotsna singh Subhash singh Purushottam TIWARI Suraj MAL department of Geography Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityUttar Pradesh 221005India department of Geography Shaheed Bhagat Singh CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110017India Center for the Study of Regional development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiDelhi 11oo6zIndia

Precipitable Water Vapor(PWV)constitutes a pivotal parameter within the domains of atmospheric science,and remote sensing due to its profound influence on Earth’s climate dynamics and weather *** exerts a significant impact on atmospheric stability absorption and emission of radiation,thus engendering alterations in the Earth’s radiative *** such,precise quantification of PWV holds the potential to enhance weather prognostication and fortify preparedness against severe meteorological *** study aimed to elucidate the spatial and temporal changes in seasonal and annual PWV across the Indus River Basin and its sub-basins using ERA5 reanalysis *** present study used ERA5 PWV(entire atmospheric column),air temperature at 2 m(t2m)and 500 hPa(T_500hPa),evapotranspiration,and total cloud cover data from 1960 to *** Sen slope estimator and Mann-Kendall test were used for trend *** and multiple regression methods were used to understand the association of PWV with other *** findings have unveiled the highest increase in mean PWV during the monsoon(0.40 mm/decade),followed by premonsoon(0.37 mm/decade),post-monsoon(0.27 mm/decade),and winter(0.19 mm/decade)throughout the study ***,the mean PWV exhibited the most pronounced positive trend in the sub-basin Lower Indus(LI),followed by Panjnad(P),Kabul(K),and Upper Indus(UI)across all seasons,except *** PWV has also risen in the Indus basin and its sub-basins over the last six *** exhibits a consistent upward trend up to an elevation of 3500 m within the basin which is most pronounced during the monsoon season,followed by the *** escalating PWV within the basin is reasonably ascribed to increasing air temperatures,augmented evapotranspiration,and heightened cloud *** findings hold potential utility for pertinent authorities engaged in water resource management and planning.

关键词： Himalaya Precipitable Water Vapor Indus River Basin Atmosphere Climate Change ERA5 Reanalysis data

On the design of an AI-driven secure communication scheme for internet of medical things environment

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digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1080-1089页

作者： Neha Garg Rajat Petwal Mohammad Wazid d.P.singh Ashok Kumar das Joel J.P.C.Rodrigues department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun248002India Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic ResearchInternational Institute of Information TechnologyHyderabad500032India College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266555China Instituto de Telecomunicaçoes 6201-001CovilhaPortugal

The Internet of Medical Things(IoMT)is a collection of smart healthcare devices,hardware infrastructure,and related software applications,that facilitate the connection of healthcare information technology system via the *** is also called IoT in healthcare,facilitating secure communication of remote healthcare devices over the Internet for quick and flexible analysis of healthcare *** other words,IoMT is an amalgam of medical devices and applications,which improves overall healthcare ***,this system is prone to securityand privacy-related attacks on healthcare ***,providing a robust security mechanism to prevent the attacks and vulnerability of IoMT is *** mitigate this,we proposed a new Artificial-Intelligence envisioned secure communication scheme for *** discussed network and threat models provide details of the associated network arrangement of the IoMT devices and attacks relevant to ***,we provide the security analysis of the proposed scheme to show its security against different possible ***,a comparative study of the proposed scheme with other similar schemes is *** results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other similar schemes in terms of communication and computation costs,and security and functionality ***,we provide a pragmatic study of the proposed scheme to observe its impact on various network performance parameters.

关键词： Internet of Medical Things(IoMT) Security Authentication and key agreement Artificial Intelligence(AI) Big data analytics

Renin-angiotensin system blockers-SGLT2 inhibitorsmineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in diabetic kidney disease:A tale of the past two decades!

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World Journal of diabetes 2022年第7期13卷 471-481页

作者： Awadhesh Kumar singh Ritu singh department of diabetes&Endocrinology G.D Hospital&Diabetes InstituteKolkata 700013West BengalIndia

Several pharmacological agents to prevent the progression of diabetic kidney disease(dKd)have been tested in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2dM)in the past two *** the exception of renin-angiotensin system blockers that have shown a significant reduction in the progression of dKd in 2001,no other pharmacological agent tested in the past two decades have shown any clinically meaningful ***,the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor(SGLT-2i),canagliflozin,has shown a significant reduction in the composite of hard renal and cardiovascular(CV)endpoints including progression of end-stage kidney disease in patients with dKd with T2dM at the top of reninangiotensin system blocker *** SGLT-2i,dapagliflozin,has also shown a significant reduction in the composite of renal and CV endpoints including death in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKd),regardless of T2dM *** positive findings on renal outcomes were recently reported as a top-line result of the empagliflozin trial in patients with CKd regardless of ***,the full results of this trial have not yet been *** the use of older steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists(MRAs)such as spironolactone in dKd is associated with a significant reduction in albuminuria outcomes,a novel non-steroidal MRA finerenone has additionally shown a significant reduction in the composite of hard renal and CV endpoints in patients with dKd and T2dM,with reasonably acceptable side effects.

关键词： Renin-angiotensin system blockers SGLT-2 inhibitors Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist diabetic kidney disease Chronic kidney disease Renal outcomes Cardiovascular outcomes

EXECUTER2 modulates the EXECUTER1 signalosome through its singlet oxygen-dependent oxidation

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 438-453页

作者： Vivek dogra Rahul Mohan singh Mengping Li Mingyue Li Somesh singh Chanhong Kim Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Present address:Biotechnology division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur 176061India

Oxidative post-translational modifications of specific chloroplast proteins contribute to the initiation of retrograde *** Arabidopsis thaliana EXECUTER1(EX1)protein,a chloroplast-localized singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))sensor,undergoes tryptophan(Trp)643 oxidation by^(1)O_(2),a chloroplast-derived and light-dependent reactive oxygen *** indole side chain of Trp is vulnerable to^(1)O_(2),leading to the generation of oxidized Trp variants and priming EX1 for degradation by a membrane-bound FtsH *** perception of^(1)O_(2)via Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 proteolysis facilitate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde *** this study,we discovered that the EX1-like protein EX2 also undergoes^(1)O_(2)-dependent Trp530 oxidation and FtsH-dependent turnover,which attenuates^(1)O_(2)signaling by decelerating EX1-Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 *** with this finding,the loss of EX2 function reinforces EX1-dependent retrograde signaling by accelerating EX1-Trp643 oxidation and subsequent EX1 proteolysis,whereas overexpression of EX2 produces molecular phenotypes opposite to those observed in the loss-of-function mutants of ***,phylogenetic analysis suggests that EX2 may have emerged evolutionarily to attenuate the sensitivity of EX1 toward^(1)O_(2).Collectively,these results suggest that EX2 functions as a negative regulator of the EX1 signalosome through its own^(1)O_(2)-dependent oxidation,providing a new mechanistic insight into the regulation of EX1-mediated^(1)O_(2)signaling.

关键词： EXECUTER1 EXECUTER2 singlet oxygen retrograde signaling Trp oxidation FtsH protease

Ethnopharmacological,phytochemical and clinical studies on Fenugreek(Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 24-54页

作者： Neetu singh Surender singh Yadav Sanjiv Kumar Balasubramaniam Narashiman department of Botany Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtakHaryana124001India department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ch.Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwaniHaryanaIndia department of Pharmaceutical Sciences M.D.UniversityRohtakHaryana124001India

Trigonella foenum-graecum(fenugreek)belonging to the family Fabaceae,is widely used for both culinary as well as clinical purposes since *** medicines across globe particularly use this plant for boosting immunity and combating digestive and reproductive *** plant is rich reservoir of different phytoconstituents attributed to their diverse pharmacological ***,the present article is planned on its ethnomedicinal uses,botanical description,phytochemistry,pharmacology,toxicology,clinical efficacy,mechanism of action and nanoparticle *** all pharmacological studies,the dose,major bioactive,type of extract and possible outcomes is also discussed,to establish its specific role against a particular *** was hypothesized that the nanoparticle synthesis will lead to the enhanced *** showed that ethnomedicinal data well supports the different pharmacological aspects of Trigonella formulations in different ***(phytoestrogen)renders most of therapeutic potential of *** reported therapeutics can also be accounted as the synergistic pharmacology of different *** synthesis significantly improves its pharmacological *** studies well validated its antidiabetic and reproductive health improving *** no serious toxic effects were observed with the use of this plant but further well-designed placebo trials are still needed to demonstrate its full therapeutic potential.

关键词： Trigonella Fenugreek Traditional uses Pharmacology Clinical study Toxicology

Three dimensional Optimum Node Localization in dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 305-321页

作者： Gagandeep singh Walia Parulpreet singh Manwinder singh Mohamed Abouhawwash Hyung Ju Park Byeong-Gwon Kang Shubham Mahajan Amit Kant Pandit department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityJalandhar144411PunjabIndia department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea School of Electronics&Communication Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India

Location information plays an important role in most of the applications in Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).Recently,many localization techniques have been proposed,while most of these deals with two dimensional ***,in Three dimensional applications the task is complex and there are large variations in the altitude *** these 3d environments,the sensors are placed in mountains for tracking and deployed in air for monitoring pollution *** such applications,2d localization models are not *** to this,the design of 3d localization systems in WSNs faces new *** this paper,in order to find unknown nodes in Three-dimensional environment,only single anchor node is *** the simulation-based environment,the nodes with unknown locations are moving at middle&lower layers whereas the top layer is equipped with single anchor node.A novel soft computing technique namely Adaptive Plant Propagation Algorithm(APPA)is introduced to obtain the optimized locations of these mobile *** target nodes are heterogeneous and deployed in an anisotropic environment having an Irregularity(degree of Irregularity(dOI))value set to *** simulation results present that proposed APPAalgorithm outperforms as tested among other meta-heuristic optimization techniques in terms of localization error,computational time,and the located sensor nodes.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks localization particle swarm optimization h-best particle swarm optimization biogeography-based optimization grey wolf optimizer firefly algorithm adaptive plant propagation algorithm