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Governance in the High North: Why China’s Arctic Rise Will Be Peaceful

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Governance in the High North: Why China’s Arctic Rise Will ...

作者： truls J.Jaeger-Synnevaag 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

The paper examined whether China will likely pursue an assertive Arctic policy to protect its interests in the Arctic, thereby posing a challenge to Arctic governance. The writing of the paper was motivated by the lack of comprehensive analyses in contemporary literature of China’s Arctic engagement and interests. To gauge China’s Arctic policy, the paper has considered possible Chinese interests in the Arctic;how the Arctic is debated and viewed in Chinese academia;Chinese government officials’ statements on the Arctic;the opportunities that exist for China within the current legal and political governing framework in the Arctic;China’s leverage and political legitimacy in the Arctic as a non-Arctic state;how the Arctic fits in China’s overall foreign policy, while accounting for the fundamental uncertainty of the Arctic’s commercial potential. It has been the findings of this paper that China, albeit initially disposed to declare the Arctic a global dominion within which China entertains substantial interests and legitimate rights, has come to acknowledge the sovereign privileges of Arctic states and the primacy of relevant international law. China has adopted a pragmatic approach to the Arctic, and believes that it stands the best chance at enhancing its influence in the Arctic by supporting and engaging in cooperation, thereby inducing trust in Arctic state and non-state actors.

关键词：外交政策北极治理国际和平

中国外派与斯里兰卡当地建筑工作者职业工效学暴露模式和健康状况的比较

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环境与职业医学 2021年第2期38卷 105-112页

作者：宿雅金克峙 Pinnaduwage Vijitha DE SILVA trulsØSTBYE 复旦大学公共卫生学院/公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室上海200032 斯里兰卡卢胡纳大学社会医学系斯里兰卡加勒800003 杜克大学全球健康研究所美国北卡罗来纳州28318

[背景]近年来中国外派建筑工作者数量已至相当规模,然而目前对这一特殊群体的职业工效学暴露特征、生存质量得分和肌肉骨骼疾患的患病情况了解都严重不足。[目的]本研究拟识别不同工种的中国外派和斯里兰卡当地建筑工作者职业工效学因... 详细信息

[背景]近年来中国外派建筑工作者数量已至相当规模,然而目前对这一特殊群体的职业工效学暴露特征、生存质量得分和肌肉骨骼疾患的患病情况了解都严重不足。[目的]本研究拟识别不同工种的中国外派和斯里兰卡当地建筑工作者职业工效学因素暴露模式,并探讨国家和工种与主要健康结局(生存质量和肌肉骨骼疾患)之间的关系。[方法]采用横断面调查,分别使用中文版和僧伽罗语版世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表和肌肉骨骼疾患调查表,于2018年10—12月分别对中国驻斯里兰卡某建筑工地和当地一个建筑工地的各300名工作者进行问卷调查。采用t检验、卡方检验、线性回归和logistic回归等方法识别不同国家和工种在健康结局的差异。[结果]共回收有效问卷581份(中国281份、斯里兰卡300份)。职业工效学暴露模式表现为:中国外派管理后勤人员主要暴露于久坐(59.6%)、颈部(50.6%)和手腕(78.7%)的不良姿势,而一线工人在不良姿势(44.8%~58.9%)、负重(58.3%~75.0%)、重复性操作(54.7%)等不良工效学因素均有较高比例;中国外派与当地一线工人负重> 5 kg(75.0%,81.9%)、手/臂取物(80.1%,87.5%)、长时间站位工作(78.1%,92.0%)的暴露比例较高,但前者出现稍微弯腰转身(58.9%)和操作空间不足(34.4%)的问题更突出,后者则更多地暴露于手腕不良姿势(64.6%)、负重(67.7%~81.9%)、重复性操作(69.1%)等。健康结局的比较结果显示:中国外派建筑工作者在生理(56.2±12.2 vs. 72.9±8.6,中国vs.斯里兰卡,下同)、心理(55.5±14.5 vs.75.9±6.4)、社会关系(61.7±17.2 vs. 70.0±8.7)和环境(51.2±16.9 vs. 67.2±6.9)领域的生存质量得分低于当地工作者。中国外派管理后勤人员过去一年内肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率达50.6%,高于中斯两国一线工人的28.1%和34.0%(P <0.001)。交互作用分析显示国家与不良姿势在社会关系、环境领域得分,工种与不良姿势在MSDs患病均存在交互作用(P <0.05)。[结论]不同国家和工种的职业工效学暴露模式存在一定差异,管理后勤人员主要暴露于久坐和上半身不良姿势,一线工人在多种不良工效学因素的暴露比例均较高,其中中国工人报告弯腰转身和操作空间不足的比例更高,而斯里兰卡工人则更多报告手腕不良姿势、负重、重复性操作等。外派建筑工作者生存质量得分远低于当地工作者,中国管理后勤人员肌肉骨骼疾患患病率远高于其他各组。

关键词：外派劳务职业工效学肌肉骨骼疾患生存质量

Personality change in older adults with dementia: Occurrence and association with severity of cognitive impairment

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Advances in Aging Research 2013年第1期2卷 27-36页

作者： Edward Helmes Maria CNorton truls Ostbye Department of Psychology James Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia Department of Family Consumer and Human Development Utah State UniversityLoganUSA Department of Community and Family Medicine Duke UniversityChapel HillUSA

Personality change is among criteria for the diagnosis of dementia. We examine first whether personality changes are related to severity of cognitive impairment in a linear or an inverted-U fashion in 1132 demented older people from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) and 921 unimpaired older people. The proportion with reported change was larger for all measures in the demented group than in the cognitively unimpaired group, and was more consistent with a linear increase in personality change with increasing cognitive impairment than with an inverted-U relationship, as seen in only one variable. In our second (longitudinal) study, we evaluate which aspects of personality change most in dementia;changes in mood and an exaggeration of existing traits were the variables most closely related to the development of dementia.

关键词： Personality Change Dementia Affect Longitudinal Study

Diagnosis and Treatment of Penile Fractures: A Single Center Series

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Open Journal of Urology 2017年第2期7卷 31-39页

作者： Mehmet Harbiyeli Hassan Abol-Enein truls Erik Bjerklund Johansen Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway Urology & Nephrology Center Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Urology Department University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway

Objectives: The aim of this study is to review the diagnostic work-up, treatment methods and outcomes in patients treated for penile fractures. Methods: Thirty-one patients were treated for penile fracture during the period 2006-2014. Data were retrieved from patients’ journals and analyzed retrospectively. Follow-up data were available for 23 patients. Results: Twenty-eight patients (90%) experienced immediate pain at incidence;29 (94%) experienced immediate swelling;23 (74%) heard a cracking sound;20 (65%) observed a blue discoloration immediately afterwards and 20 (65%) got immediate detumescence. Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used preoperatively in 10 patients and demonstrated the side and localization of the rupture in tunica albuginea in all cases. A longitudinal incision over the suspected site of the rupture was used in 20 patients and a sub-coronal de-gloving incision of the penile skin was used in 10 patients. The average operation time with longitudinal incision method and de-gloving was 43 minutes and 57 minutes, respectively. Short term complications were seen in four patients and long term complications were seen in 14 patients of which deviation of penis during erection was most common. Conclusions: Immediate pain, swelling and hearing a cracking sound are predominant features in the history of patients with penile fracture. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is recommended for localizing the rupture site. A longitudinal incision over the rupture site means significantly shorter operation time than de-gloving.

关键词： Clinical Presentation Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging Operative Technique Penile Fracture

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技术、技能及管理

Infectious complications after prostate biopsy:Time to rethink our clinical practice

汽车商业评论 2011年第4期 99-100页

作者：雷霆生奥地利EFS汽车咨询公司

技术是可以购买的,但如果汽车公司的人员不能很好地使用自己的技术能力,这显然是很大的问题让我们先从一些数字开始.我不知道大家有没有一个认知,汽车有多少特征被我们发掘?100多个.当然,这100个特征使汽车具备了不同的功能.对于这100... 详细信息

技术是可以购买的,但如果汽车公司的人员不能很好地使用自己的技术能力,这显然是很大的问题让我们先从一些数字开始.我不知道大家有没有一个认知,汽车有多少特征被我们发掘?100多个.当然,这100个特征使汽车具备了不同的功能.对于这100个特征来说,汽车公司的技术人员需要用成千上万的技术特性来描述这些具体功能.到最后开发整车的时候,大概会有上万个零部件.汽车公司有上千个工程师来专门负责整车开

关键词：技能耐久性技术能力技术人才后处理系统燃油消耗量技术特性技术水平排气流量汽车公司

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2015年第2期4卷 78-82页

作者： Tommaso Cai Paolo Verze Riccardo Bartoletti Vincenzo Mirone truls E Bjerklund Johansen Department of Urology Santa Chiara Regional Hospital Department of Urology University of Naples Department of Urology University of Florence Department of Urology Oslo University Hospital

Prostate biopsy is a very common procedure performed worldwide which still represents the only way for prostate cancer diagnosis and reference point for subsequent treatments. Even if transrectal prostate biopsy is considered a safe procedure, it may be accompanied by infective complications, ranging from asymptomatic bacteriuria to symptomatic urinary tract infections and sepsis. During the recent decade we observed an increasing number of infectious complications and subsequent hospitalizations after and transrectal prostate biopsy. The most probable reason for the increasing rate of infectious complications after prostate biopsy is the increasing antimicrobial resistance, especially to the current first-line recommended fluoroquinolone antibiotics. We believe the time has come to re-think our current practice of diagnosing prostate cancer. We need to focus on the selection of patients at higher risk of infective complications, on microbiological sampling of the faecal flora prior to biopsy to identify resistance to specific agents, on the number of biopsy cores, on the biopsy route(perineal or transrectal approach) and, finally, consider alternative antibiotics with improved susceptibility to be used for prophylaxis.

关键词： Prostate cancer Prostate biopsy Transrectal biopsy Rectal swab Antibiotic prophylaxis

Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of electroacupuncture in the management of patients with axial spondyloarthritis in Singapore(E-AcuSpA)

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2021年第2期1卷 104-114页

作者： Warren Fong Yu Heng Kwan Su-An Quek Ader Lim Chiah Yuen Wong Shin Yoong Chua Hui Chin Tan Clara Eng Choy Tip Tan Bao Qiang Dong Youyi Huang Chuen Seng Tan Bee Choo Tai Ting Hui Woon Jie Kie Phang Hwee Ling Koh Ying Ying Leung Julian Thumboo trulsØstbye Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Duke-NUS Medical School SingaporeSingapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Internal Medicine Residency SingHealthSingaporeSingapore Programme in Health Services and Systems Research Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Pharmacy National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Singapore Thong Chai Medical Institution SingaporeSingapore Acupuncture and Tuina College Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShenyangLiaoningP.R.China Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Background:Despite therapeutic advances,treatment of patients with axial spondyloarthritis(axSpA)continue to pose as a challenge as many do not respond well to conventional Western medications,such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)and biologic diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs(bDMARDs).Hence,acupuncture is a possible *** studies found electroacupuncture to be better than manual acupuncture,though no trials have been conducted in patients with *** clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy,safety,and cost-effectiveness of electroacupuncture compared to manual acupuncture for patients with ***/Design:This randomized controlled trial will recruit 100 patients diagnosed with axSpA,who have active disease despite NSAIDs and *** patients will be randomized to receive either electroacupuncture or manual acupuncture in a 1:1 *** participants will receive standard rheumatologic care in addition to 20 acupuncture *** mean difference in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score between the 2 groups over 12 weeks will serve as the primary *** outcomes include improvements in other clinical,quality of life,and economic outcomes over 24 *** adverse events will be ***:Results from this trial may provide evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness,safety,and cost-effectiveness of electroacupuncture compared to manual acupuncture for patients with axSpA,and guide implementation into clinical *** of this trial include the lack of patient blinding,use of a repeated measures design,and possible variation in acupuncture technique amongst the various Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners.

关键词： axial spondyloarthritis complementary and alternative medicine electroacupuncture randomized controlled trial Traditional Chinese Medicine