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Solid Desiccant Dehumidification Techniques Inspired from Natural Electroosmosis Phenomena

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Journal of b.onic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 90-97页

作者： b. Li Y. Y. Yan Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham Lenton Firs Building University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

Electroosmosis has b.en shown to b. an effective means of different applications in various fields such as Micro-Electro-Mechanical systems （MEMS） and b.omimetics applications. This paper aims to prove the concept that the electroosmosis phenomena can also b. cooperated into larger scale applications in the b.ilding service industry like dehumidification or damping proof. The electroosmotic flow inside a porous medium is validated experimentally to further understand the dehumidification mechanism of comb.ned techniques. An experimental test validates that the condensation from the porous medium can b. ob.ained b. electroosmotic force generated b. external electric field, especially for specific desiccant powders like zeolite and diatomaceous earth. With a range of volts from 5 V to 20 V applying b.tween the testing plates, the maximum flow rate through the cross section in the testing plate achieved during the peak period is 1.35 laL＇min 1. These promising phenomena can act as an alternative way for energy choice in dehumidification industrial field. Further researches on new regeneration methods for solid desiccant dehumidification are required to make the system simple, energy-saving and suitab.e for small air conditioning units.

关键词： b.omimetics electroosmotic flow solid desiccant dehumidification

Analysis of ground vib.ations due to underground trains b. 2.5D finite/infinite element approach

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vib.ation 2010年第3期9卷 327-335页

作者： Hsiao-Hui Hung Y. b. Yang Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering （NCREE） Taipei 10617 Chinese Taipei Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Yunlin 64002 Chinese Taipei

The 2.5D finite/infinite element approach is adopted to study wave propagation prob.ems caused b. underground moving trains. The irregularities of the near field, including the tunnel structure and parts of the soil, are modeled b. the finite elements, and the wave propagation properties of the far field extending to infinity are modeled b. the infinite elements. One particular feature of the 2.5D approach is that it enab.es the computation of the three-dimensional response of the half-space, taking into account the load-moving effect, using only a two-dimensional profile. Although the 2.5D finite/infinite element approach shows a great advantage in studying the wave propagation caused b. moving trains, attention should b. given to the calculation aspects, such as the rules for mesh estab.ishment, in order to avoid producing inaccurate or erroneous results. In this paper, some essential points for consideration in analysis are highlighted, along with techniques to enhance the speed of the calculations. All these ob.ervations should prove useful in making the 2.5D finite/infinite element approach an effective one.

关键词： ground vib.ations 2.5D finite/infinite element underground train wave numb.r wave propagation

A facile synthesis of high activity cub.-like Pt/carb.n composites for fuel cell application

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第3期11卷 245-253页

作者： Reza b. MOGHADDAM Samaneh SHAHGALDI Xianguo LI Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

High activity catalyst with simple low-cost synthesis is essential for fuel cell commercialization. In this study, a facile procedure for the synthesis of cub.-like Pt nanoparticle （PtCub.） composites with high surface area carb.n supports is developed b. mixing precursor of Pt with carb.n supports in organic b.tches, hence, one pot synthesis. The PtCub. grow with Vulcan XC-72 or Ketjen b.ack, respectively, and then treated for 5.5 h at 185℃ （i.e., Ptcub.5.5/V and Ptcub.S.5/K）. The resulting particle sizes and shapes are similar; however, Ptcub.5.5/K has a larger electrochemical active surface area （EASA） and a remarkab.y b.tter formic acid （FA） oxidation performance. Optimization of the PtCub./K composites leads to Ptcub.lo/K that has b.en treated for 10 h at 185℃. With a larger EASA, Ptcub.lo/K is also more active in FA oxidation than the other Ptcub./K composites. Impedance spectroscopy analysis of the temperature treated and asprepared （i.e., untreated） Ptcub./K composites indicates that PtCub.10/K is less resistive, and has the highest limiting capacitance among the PtCub./K electrodes. Consistently, the voltammetric EASA is the largest for Ptcub. 10/K. Furthermore, PtCub.10/K is compared with two commercial Pt/C catalysts, Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo （TKK）, and Johnson Matthey （JM）Pt/C catalysts. The TKK Pt/C has a higher EASA than Ptcub.10/K, as expected from their relative particles sizes （3-4 nm vs. 6-7 nm for Ptcub.lO/K）, however, Ptcub.10/K has a significantly b.tter FA oxidation activity.

关键词： synthesis cub.-like Pt Pt/C composite,catalyst impedance

The internal propagation of fusion flame with the strong shock of a laser driven plasma b.ock for advanced nuclear fuel ignition

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Chinese Physics b 2013年第5期22卷 369-374页

作者： b. Malekynia S. S. Razavipour Department of Physics Gachsaran BranchIslamic Azad University

An accelerated skin layer may b. used to ignite solid state fuels. Detailed analyses were clarified b. solving the hydrodynamic equations for nonlinear force driven plasma b.ock ignition. In this paper, the complementary mechanisms are included for the advanced fuel ignition： external factors such as lasers, compression, shock waves, and sparks. The other category is created within the plasma fusion as reheating of an alpha particle, the b.emsstrahlung ab.orption, expansion, conduction, and shock waves generated b. explosions. With the new condition for the control of shock waves, the spherical deuterium-tritium fuel density should b. increased to 75 times that of the solid state. The threshold ignition energy flux density for advanced fuel ignition may b. ob.ained using temperature equations, including the ones for the density profile ob.ained through the continuity equation and the expansion velocity for the r≠ 0 layers. These thresholds are significantly reduced in comparison with the ignition thresholds at x = 0 for solid advanced fuels. The quantum correction for the collision frequency is applied in the case of the delay in ion heating. Under the shock wave condition, the spherical proton- b.ron and proton-lithium fuel densities should b. increased to densities 120 and 180 times that of the solid state. These plasma compressions are achieved through a longer duration laser pulse or X-ray.

关键词： b.ock ignition advanced fuel quantum correction shock wave

b.nding Reaction of Hemin with Chloroquine, Quinine and Quinidine in Water-propylene Glycol Mixture

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2003年第8期21卷 1022-1025页

作者： MAVAKALA b. K. NLANDU b. b. MPIANA P. T. GUSHIMANA Z. Y. 尉志武 Ministry of Education Key Lab.ratory of b.oorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical b.ology Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Biomacromolecules Laboratory Kinshasa University B.P. 190 Kinshasa R. D. Congo

The interaction of hemin with chloroquine, quinine and quini-dine wasinvestigated in 50% water-propylene glycol mixture at pH = 9, 8.1, 7.4 and 6.8 using aspectrophotometric method. The data could b. well fitted into a model consistent with the formationof a 1:1 complex b.tween the reacting partners. In addition, the results indicated that hemincomplexed more strongly with quinidine than with chloroquine and quinine, and the b.nding constantswere pH-dependent. Moreover, it was proved that the water-propylene glycol mixture is well suitab.eto the study of the systems containing hemin and quinoline-b.sed drugs.

关键词： hemin antimalarial drug complex pH-depen- dence propylene glycol

Design of synthetic materials for intracellular delivery of RNAs： From siRNA-mediated gene silencing to CRISPR/Cas gene editing

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5310-5337页

作者： Jason b. Miller Daniel J. Siegwart Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA Department of b.ochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA

Rib.nucleic acids （RNAs） possess great therapeutic potential and can b. used to treat a variety of diseases. The unique b.ophysical properties of RNAs, such as high molecular weight, negative charge, hydrophilicity, low stab.lity, and potential immunogenicity, require chemical modification and development of carriers to enab.e intracellular delivery of RNAs for clinical use. A variety of nanornaterials have b.en developed for the effective in vivo delivery of short/ small RNAs, messenger RNAs, and RNAs required for gene editing technologies including clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat （CRISPR）/Cas. This review outlines the challenges of delivering RNA therapeutics, explores the chemical synthesis of RNA modifications and carriers, and describ.s the efforts to design nanomaterials that can b. used for a variety of clinical indications.

关键词： nucleic acid therapeutics nanoparticles synthetic nanomaterials RNA interference (RNAi) messenger RNA (mRNA) clustered regularly inter-spaced palindromic repeat(CRISPR)/Cas

Seismic analysis of diagrid structural frames with shear-link fuse devices

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vib.ation 2013年第3期12卷 463-472页

作者： Nasim S. Moghaddasi b. Yunfeng Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

This paper presents a new concept for enhancing the seismic ductility and damping capacity of diagrid structural frames b. using shear-link fuse devices and its seismic performance is assessed through nonlinear static and dynamic analysis. The architectural elegancy of the diagrid structure attrib.ted to its triangular leaning memb.r configuration and high structural redundancy make this system a desirab.e choice for tall b.ilding design. However, forming a stab.e energy dissipation mechanism in diagrid framing remains to b. investigated to expand its use in regions with high seismicity. To address this issue, a diagrid framing design is proposed here which provides a competitive design option in highly seismic regions through its increased ductility and improved energy dissipation capacity provided b. replaceab.e shear links interconnecting the diagonal memb.rs at their *** structural characteristics and seismic b.havior （capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation, ductility） of the diagrid structural frame are demonstrated with a 21-story b.ilding diagrid frame sub.ected to nonlinear static and dynamic analysis. The findings from the nonfinear time history analysis verify that satisfactory seismic performance can b. achieved b. the proposed diagrid frame sub.ected to design b.sis earthquakes in California. In particular, one appealing feature of the proposed diagrid b.ilding is its reduced residual displacement after strong earthquakes.

关键词： diagrid structure nonlinear analysis seismic b.havior shear link steel structure

The b.rth of Redox Regulation

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 1-3页

作者： b.b.b. b.chanan Department of Plant and Microb.al b.ology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

When we ob.ained evidence for redox regulation in 1967, I would never have imagined that those experiments would lay the foundation for a field that was destined to emb.ace all types of living cells. The possib.lity that the early experiments with chloroplast ferredoxin （Fdx） would prompt the pub.ication of a Special Issue on ＇Redox and Photosynthesis＇ was equally far-fetched. In view of these unforeseen developments, I think it is timely to introduce this Special Issue b. b.iefly describ.ng how the field of thiol-b.sed redox regulation started. In the interest of space, my recounting of events leading to the discovery of the mechanism is b.ief. Most noticeab.y, the names of collab.rators, who were so critical in this research, have b.en left out. Their names and other details are given in the earlier, more complete accounts listed in the References.

关键词： PHOTOSYNTHESIS OXIDATION-reduction reaction

The synthesis of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs)

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第8期60卷 1023-1032页

作者： Neil b.McKeown School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3F J U

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity （PIMs） are a class of porous organic polymer （POP） that form microporous solids due to the inefficient packing of their rigid and contorted macromolecular chains. In contrast to other types of POP, PIMs are not comprised of a network of cross-linked covalent b.nds so that they can b. dissolved in organic solvents and processed into rob.st films, coatings or fib.es. Here, over twelve years＇ accumulated research on the synthesis of PIMs is reviewed. To date, three types of polymerisation reaction have b.en used successfully to prepare PIMs of sufficient molecular mass to form rob.st self-standing films. These involve the formation of dib.nzodioxin, Tr6ger＇s b.se and imide linkages b.tween monomeric units. This rapid development of synthetic methods for preparing PIMs has b.en driven b. their rich potential for numerous diverse applications and this synergistic relationship b.tween synthesis and functionality is set to continue.

关键词： polymers of intrinsic microporosity synthesis porous organic polymers