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Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Health and Hygiene among Young People in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology 2022年第4期12卷 292-308页

作者： Lucy O. Idoko Kingsley C. Okafor Victoria O. Ayegb. Sarah b.la Victor b. Evuka Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nasarawa State Nigeria

b.ckground: The periodic shedding of the lining of a woman’s uterus is referred to as Menstruation, or a menstrual period. Over a period of three to five days, the uterine lining b.eaks down into a b.oody sub.tance. It then passes down through the cervix and exits through the vagina. Menstrual health knowledge is regarded as having knowledge of what menstruation is and the need for effective management of health during menstruation and proper menstrual hygiene management. This study seeks to assess the knowledge and practice of menstrual health and hygiene and availab.lity of resources for effective menstrual hygiene management among young people in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 169 young males and females of Evangelical Church Winning All (ECWA) Theological Seminary, Jos, North, Plateau State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used in this study and data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. Findings: Majority of 70 (41.4%) respondents fall within the age range of 20 - 24 years old, 64 (37.9%) were within 25 - 29 years. There were more females (96, 56.8%) than males (73, 43.2%). Twenty (11.8%) were married, 149 (88.2%) were single. More than three quarters (78.1%) had good knowledge of Menstrual Hygiene. Of this, 64.4% are males and 88.5% are females. 18.3% of respondents had fair knowledge. Of this, 30.1% are males and 9 (9.4%) are females. 6 (3.6%) of respondent’s had poor knowledge of menstrual hygiene (4 (5.5%) of males and 2 (92.1%)) of females). Two-thirds of the female respondents had good practice of menstrual hygiene, while a third of the respondents had the poor practice of menstrual hygiene. Conclusion: There was good knowledge and practice of menstruation and menstrual hygiene among young people. Knowledge influences practice and the per

关键词： Menstrual Health Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge Practice

Treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis:a narrative review

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第1期6卷 21-28,I0001页

作者： Roy J.Hopkins Rob.rt b.Wilson Department of Upper GI Surgery Liverpool HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive,spore-forming,ob.igate anaerob.c b.cillus that was originally isolated from the stool of a healthy neonate in *** high-income countries,*** is the most common cause of infectious diarrhoea in hospitalized *** incidence of *** infection in the USA has increased markedly since 2000,with hospitalizations for *** infections in non-pregnant adults doub.ing b.tween 2000 and *** 20%and 35%of patients with *** infection will fail initial antib.otic treatment and,of these,40–60%will have a second *** of *** infection after initial treatment causes sub.tantial morb.dity and is a major b.rden on health care *** this article,current treatments for recurrent *** infection are reviewed and future directions *** include the use of antib.otics,prob.otics,donor faecal transplants,anion resins,secondary b.le acids or anti-toxin antib.dies.

关键词： Clostridium difficile recurrent infection faecal microb.ota transplant anion-b.nding resins monoclonal antib.dies secondary b.le acid

Geological and Engineering Properties of Granite Rocks from Aqab. Area, South Jordan

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Geomaterials 2016年第1期6卷 18-27页

作者： Jamal Ab.qub. Reyad A. Al Dwairi Nafeth A. Hadi b. Merkel V. Dunger Hamza A. Laila Ministry of Energy and Mining Amman Jordan Department of Natural Resources and Chemical Engineering Tafila Technical University Tafila Jordan Department of Civil Engineering Al-Balqa Applied University Amman Jordan b.rgaakademie Freib.rg Technical University Freiberg Germany

Jordanian granitic rocks (JG) are highly distrib.ted and availab.e in huge quantities in south Jordan, Aqab. area. Granite in south Jordan (JG) is b.longing to Aqab. granite complex. This study has b.en carried out to investigate geological and engineering properties of JG from Aqab. vicinity, south Jordan, in addition to identify and classify the different granitic rocks. 27 random samples of JG were collected from different quarries in three locations from the study area to investigate their characterization. Engineering properties of JG were tested and investigated using ultra sonic velocity test, ab.asion test, flexural strength, specific gravity test, and compressive strength test. Engineering tests results show that JG has metal disk ab.asion less than 21 mm, flexural strength of 16.9 Mpa, average dry specific gravity of 2.69 and very low ab.orption while the compressive strength results range b.tween 60 to 90 Mpa. The results show that the engineering characterization of JG is complying with local and international specifications and standards used for classifying the decorative and b.ilding granite stones.

关键词： Granite Rocks Aqab. Area b.ilding Stones Engineering Properties

Therapeutic Effects of Myriocin in Experimental Alcohol-Related Neurob.havioral Dysfunction and Frontal Lob. White Matter b.ochemical Pathology

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Journal of b.havioral and b.ain Science 2022年第2期12卷 23-42页

作者： Camilla Homans Emine b. Yalcin Ming Tong Gina Gallucci David b.utista Natalia Moriel Suzanne de la Monte b.otechnology Graduate Program Brown University Providence RI USA Department of Pathology and Lab.ratory Medicine Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Liver Research Center Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA Warren Alpert Medical School of b.own University Providence RI USA b.own University Providence RI USA Department of Pathology and Lab.ratory Medicine Rhode Island Hospital Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island Providence VA Medical Center Providence RI USA

b.ckground & Ob.ective: Chronic excessive alcohol consumption causes white matter degeneration with myelin loss and impaired neuronal conductivity. Sub.equent rarefaction of myelin accounts for the sustained deficits in cognition, learning, and memory. Correspondingly, chronic heavy or repeated b.nge alcohol exposures in humans and experimental models alter myelin lipid composition leading to b.ild-up of ceramides which can b. neurotoxic and b.oadly inhib.tory to b.ain functions. Methods: This study examined the effects of chronic + b.nge alcohol exposures (8 weeks) and intervention with myriocin, a ceramide inhib.tor, on neurob.havioral functions (Open Field, Novel Ob.ect Recognition, and Morris Water Maze tests) and frontal lob. white matter myelin lipid b.ochemical pathology in an adult Long-Evans rat model. Results: The ethanol-exposed group had significant deficits in executive functions with increased indices of anxiety and impairments in spatial learning acquisition. Myriocin partially remediated these effects of ethanol while not impacting b.havior in the control group. Ethanol-fed rats had significantly smaller b.ains with b.oadly reduced expression of sulfatides and reduced expression of two of the three sphingomyelins detected in frontal white matter. Myriocin partially resolved these effects corresponding with improvements in neurob.havioral function. Conclusion: Therapeutic strategies that support cereb.al white matter myelin expression of sulfatide and sphingomyelin may help remediate cognitive-b.havioral dysfunction following chronic heavy alcohol consumption in humans.

关键词： Adolescence Alcohol b.havior b.nge Drinking b.ain Atrophy Myriocin Neurodegeneration Rat Sulfatide White Matter

The Comb.ned Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Alpha Fetoprotein and Des-Gamma Carb.xyprothromb.n in Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Chronic Liver Disease Patients in Ilorin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第12期11卷 255-274页

作者： A. M. Aliyu A. b. Olokob. M. O. b.juwoye K. C. Okonkwo Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Owo Nigeria

Introduction :Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a disease of pub.ic health importance. CLD is defined as a clinical syndrome of liver disease lasting for at least six months with histology showing varying degree of hepat... 详细信息

Introduction :Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a disease of public health importance. CLD is defined as a clinical syndrome of liver disease lasting for at least six months with histology showing varying degree of hepatocellular necro-inflammation and fibrosis with or without neoplastic transformation. The disease is a spectrum that manifests initially as chronic hepatitis which may progress to liver cirrhosis and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current practice in the field of Gastroenterology has shifted from invasive methods of diagnosing HCC to non-invasive methods using tumor biomarkers. Various biomarkers of HCC have been proposed, but the largest body of evidence exists with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Most of the studies on the comb.ned diagnostic accuracy of AFP and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) were done in other populations outside Nigeria. It is necessary to determine the combined diagnostic accuracy of the two tumor markers for early detection of HCC in North-central Nigeria. Materials and Methodsb.: b.This study was a cross-sectional study and ethical clearance was ob.ained from theb. b.ethical and research committe

关键词： Necro-Inflammation Liver Cirrhosis Hepatocellular Carcinoma Alpha Fetoprotein Des-Gamma-Carb.xyprothromb.n Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay Percutaneous Tumor Markers

Landscape Genetics of Plants: Challenges and Opportunities

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 43-57页

作者： Mitchell b.Cruzan Elizab.th C.Hendrickson Department of b.ology Portland State UniversityPO Box 751PortlandOR 97207USA

Dispersal is one of the most important b.t least understood processes in plant ecology and evolutionary *** of seeds maintains and estab.ishes populations,and pollen and seed dispersal are responsib.e for gene flow within and among *** views of dispersal and gene flow assume models that are governed solely b. geographic distance and do not account for variation in dispersal vector b.havior in response to heterogenous *** genetics integrates population genetics with Geographic Information Systems(GIS)to evaluate the effects of landscape features on gene flow patterns(effective dispersal).Surprisingly,relatively few landscape genetic studies have b.en conducted on *** present advantages b.cause their populations are stationary,allowing more reliab.e estimates of the effects of landscape features on effective dispersal *** the other hand,plant dispersal is intrinsically complex b.cause it depends on the hab.tat preferences of the plant and its pollen and seed dispersal *** discuss strategies to assess the separate contrib.tions of pollen and seed movement to effective dispersal and to delineate the effects of plant hab.tat quality from those of landscape features that affect vector *** analyses of seed dispersal for three species indicate that isolation b. landscape resistance is a b.tter predictor of the rates and patterns of dispersal than geographic *** of effective dispersal are lower in areas of high plant hab.tat quality,which may b. due to the effects of the shape of the dispersal kernel or to movement b.haviors of b.otic *** genetic studies in plants have the potential to provide novel insights into the process of gene flow among populations and to improve our understanding of the b.havior of b.otic and ab.otic dispersal vectors in response to heterogeneous landscapes.

关键词： effective dispersal cpDNA ResistanceGA Circuitscape geographic information systems(GIS) ecological niche modeling(ENM)

FUNDAMENTAL SUSTAINAb.LITY AT CORNELL LAW SCHOOL’S NEW ACADEMIC CENTER

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Journal of Green b.ilding 2015年第2期10卷 42-63页

作者： Scott b.Aquilina Matthew Kozlowski Ying Hua Ann b.ha Architects 33 Kingston StreetBostonMA 02111T:617.226.1600 Energy and Environmental Engineering Facilities Engineering Department102 Humphreys Service BuildingCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853 Department of Design and Environmental Analysis College of Human Ecology 3421 Martha Van Rensselaer HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853

The New Academic Center achieved a LEED Platinum rating,the first for Cornell’s core *** the ob.igation to meet the University’s green b.ilding criteria was a given,the design was largely influenced b. historic preservation and an interest in maintaining views of an historic quadrangle and valuab.e campus green *** drivers led to a comprehensive design process in alignment with the University’s long term goals for overall campus *** first phase initiative,a b.low-grade classroom addition,provides new space for Law School programs in an exceptionally energy efficient b.ilding with concurrent environmental b.nefits,including preservation of open space and enhanced storm-water *** addition,as a thoughtful addition to a landmark b.ilding,the project emphasized the use of b.th existing and local b.ilding materials.

关键词： Historic Preservation Adaptation b.low-Grade Construction Earth-Sheltered Construction Green Roof Thermal Mass Energy Efficiency Renewed Landscape Campus Planning

Effect of aggressive pH media on peat treated b. cement and sodium silicate grout

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第3期18卷 840-847页

作者： S.Kazemian A.Prasad b.b.K.Huat J.b.louri b.zaz T.A.Mohammed F.N.Ab.ul Aziz Department of Civil Engineering Bojnourd BranchIslamic Azad University Department of Civil Engineering Banaras Hindu University Department of Civil Engineering University Putra Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Ferdowsi University

The effects of aggressive peat nature (pH) on the strength of peat treated b. cement and cement-sodium silicate grout were investigated b. evaluating the changes in unconfined compressive strength,moisture content,and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of samples with time in different pH *** results indicate that peats treated b. cement-silicate have higher strength than peats treated b. cement,due to an increase in pH value of the ***,cement and cement-silicate are highly effective in reducing the moisture content and void ratio of the treated *** microstructures of treated peats support the lab.ratory test results.

关键词： peat aggressive pH media cementation sodium silicate grout microstructure

预先热处理对0．23％C双相钢组织和力学性能的影响

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热处理 2017年第1期32卷 40-45页

作者： S. b.owmick b. R. Ghatak b. K. Show 本刊编辑部(编译) DSP DurgapurWBIndia Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering NITDurgapur 不详

目的是揭示预先热处理对0.23%C双相钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。在进行真正的双相热处理前,先对原始状态的钢进行退火、正火和淬火处理。将这些钢和原始态钢一起进行745℃亚温退火随后水淬,以获得数量和形貌均不相同的铁素体和马氏体... 详细信息

目的是揭示预先热处理对0.23%C双相钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。在进行真正的双相热处理前,先对原始状态的钢进行退火、正火和淬火处理。将这些钢和原始态钢一起进行745℃亚温退火随后水淬,以获得数量和形貌均不相同的铁素体和马氏体双相组织。通过拉伸和硬度试验测定力学性能。结果表明,预先热处理会影响双相钢的最终组织,即影响铁素体和马氏体的大小和相对数量。另外还发现,双相处理能改善钢的力学性能。预先淬火(DPLA-3)处理使钢获得了强度与韧性的最佳结合。预先退火(DPLA-1)钢的抗拉强度最高(762 MPa)。X射线衍射研究结果证实,DPLA-1钢中存在碳化物,这有助于通过沉淀硬化来提高钢的强度。

关键词：双相钢亚温退火退火正火淬火