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Oxytocin and oxytocin receptor alterations,decreased survival,and increased chemoresistance in patients with pancreatic cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 175-180页

作者： trisheena harricharran Olorunseun O.Ogunwobi Department of Biological Sciences Hunter College of The City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10065USA The Graduate Center Departments of Biology and Biochemistry The City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10016USA Hunter College Center for Cancer Health Disparities Research(CCHDR) New YorkNY 10065USA Joan and Sanford I.Weill Department of Medicine Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10065USA

Background:Oxytocin(OXT)and its receptor(OXTR)is associated with *** present study was to investigate the correlation between the genetic expression alterations of OXT and OXTR and the outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer(PC).Methods:Information regarding OXT and OXTR genetic alterations and changes in gene expression were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)databases and analyzed using the cBioPortal online *** assessed the correlation of overall survival and disease/progression-free months to either OXT or OXTR genetic alterations and changes in gene expression using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression *** PCR(qPCR)was conducted to assess the mRNA expression levels of OXT and OXTR in human PC cell ***:Five percent of PC cases showed mRNA upregulation in the OXT *** PC cases also showed genetic alterations and changes in gene expression of *** median months of survival and disease-free survival were lower for PC cases with genetic alterations and changes in gene expression in the OXT and OXTR genes as compared to those without such *** data showed that OXT and OXTR mRNA expression were 1-fold and 10-fold higher,respectively in PANC-1 cell lines as compared to L3.6pl cell lines in direct negative correlation with responsiveness to ***:These data suggest that OXT and OXTR may potentially be important in PC progression,chemoresistance,and patient survival,and potentially could have prognostic and therapeutic implications in a subset of PC patients.

关键词： Oxytocin Oxytocin receptor Pancreatic cancer

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Oxytocin and cancer: An emerging link

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第5期9卷 74-82页

作者： Ben Lerman trisheena harricharran Olorunseun O Ogunwobi Department of Biological Sciences Hunter College of the City University of New York the Graduate Center Departments of Biology and Biochemistry the City University of New York Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine Cornell University

The neuropeptide hormone oxytocin, which is released from the posterior pituitary gland, is involved in a number of physiological processes. Understanding of its effects is gradually increasing due to new research in this area. While mostly recognized as a reproductive system hormone, oxytocin also regulates other organ systems such as the brain and cardiovascular system. Recently, research has focused on unraveling its involvement in cancer, and emerging evidence suggests a potential role for oxytocin as a cancer biomarker. This review summarizes observations linking oxytocin and cancer, with a special emphasis on prostate cancer, where it may promote cell proliferation. Research suggests that oxytocin effects may depend on cell type, concentration of the hormone, its interactions with other hormones in the microenvironment, and the precise localization of its receptor on the cell membrane. Future research is needed to further elucidate the involvement of oxytocin in cancer, and whether it could be a clinical cancer biomarker or therapeutic target.

关键词： Oxytocin Cancer Prostate Pancreas Exercise

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Mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2279-2293页

作者： Olorunseun O Ogunwobi trisheena harricharran Jeannette Huaman Anna Galuza Oluwatoyin Odumuwagun Yin Tan Grace X Ma Minhhuyen T Nguyen Department of Biological Sciences Hunter College of The City University of New York The Graduate Center Departments of Biology and Biochemistry The City University of New York Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine Cornell University Hunter College Center for Cancer Health Disparities Research (CCHDR) Center for Asian Health School of Medicine Temple University Department of Medicine Fox Chase Cancer Center

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a very poor prognosis. In the United States, there has been only minimal improvement in the prognosis for HCC patients over the past 15 years. Details of the molecular mechanisms and other mechanisms of HCC progression remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgent need for better understanding of these mechanisms. HCC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and most patients will therefore need systemic therapy, with sorafenib being the most common at the present time. However, sorafenib therapy only minimally enhances patient survival. This review provides a summary of some of the known mechanisms that either cause HCC or contribute to its progression. Included in this review are the roles of viral hepatitis, non-viral hepatitis, chronic alcohol intake, genetic predisposition and congenital abnormalities, toxic exposures, and autoimmune diseases of the liver. Well-established molecular mechanisms of HCC progression such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stromal interactions and the tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, and senescence bypass are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss the roles of circulating tumor cells,immunomodulation, and neural regulation as potential new mechanisms of HCC progression. A better understanding of these mechanisms could have implications for the development of novel and more effective therapeutic and prognostic strategies, which are critically needed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Viral/non-viral hepatitis Alcohol consumption Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Tumor-stromal interactions Tumor microenvironment Cancer stem cells Circulating tumor cells Immunomodulation Neural regulation

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Emergence of neural regulatory mechanisms in carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019年第8期10卷 279-282页

作者： trisheena harricharran Olorunseun O Ogunwobi Department of Biological Sciences Hunter College of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10065United States The Graduate Center Departments of Biology and Biochemistry the City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10016United States Joan and Sanford I Weill Department of Medicine Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10065United States Hunter College Center for Cancer Health Disparities Research New YorkNY 10065United States

Emerging data indicate that the nervous system plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, more studies are required to help further elucidate the mechanisms involved in the neural regulation of carcinogenesis. Some recent findings describing the neural regulatory mechanisms of action in prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma are discussed, with a focus on the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory neuronal elements of the nervous system. Norepinephrine, which is released by the sympathetic nervous system and binds to the beta-adrenergic receptor, regulates cellular responses in both normal and tumor cells. It has also been shown that the destruction of sensory neurons can prevent or at least slow pancreatic cancer. Cortisol, the main stress hormone, is also discussed and how it could potentially be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma development. The importance of studying other signaling molecules in the nervous system, such as oxytocin and its receptor, the oxytocin receptor, and how they might be involved in carcinogenesis when aberrantly expressed is highlighted. This is an area of study which clearly needs further investigation. A clearer understanding of the detailed mechanisms of how the nervous system is involved in carcinogenesis could potentially aid in the identification of novel biomarkers and development of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies in various cancers.

关键词： Neural regulation Prostate Pancreatic cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Oxytocin Oxytocin receptor

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