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Phylogenetic relationships of the Australian Oligo-Miocene ratite Emuarius gidju Casuariidae

Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 148-166页

作者： trevor h.worthy Suzanne J.hAND Michael ARChER School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesAustralia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of AdelaideNorth TerraceAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia 不详

In Australia,ratites(Aves:Palaeognathae)are represented in the extant fauna by the family Casuariidae with 1 species of emu Dromaius novaehollandiae and 1 cassowary Casuarius *** Australian fossil re-cord reveals no other extinct ratite families but there are a number of other casuariid *** significant of these,due to its Oligo-Miocene age and because it is known from abundant material,is Emuarius ***,we describe additional material and confirm that the taxon had a temporal range of Late Oligocene to Mid-dle Miocene(approximately 24-15 Ma).We reveal new morphological details,including notably that the spe-cies had relatively much smaller eyes than ***,in addition to a less well-developed cursori-al ability,as inferred from its pelvic *** these respects,Emuarius is similar to Casuarius and suggest that it was adapted to denser vegetation than the open woodlands and grasslands that characterise much of Austra-lia today and to which ***,with its large eyes and enhanced cursorial ability,is strongly *** was compared to and found to be distinct from the poorly provenanced Australian fossil species *** conducted a phylogenetic analysis of morphological data that robustly shows that *** is the sister taxon of Dromaius and together these taxa form a clade that is sister to *** indicates that the evolution towards enhanced cursorality that characterises Dromaius took place after the divergence of the emu-cassowary lineages and was likely not the driving mechanism of this *** between ***-vaehollandiae and *** revealed no qualitative skeletal differences and we suggest that the latter tax-on is best considered to be an island dwarf that should be taxonomically recognized at a subspecific level only.

关键词： Australia Casuariidae Dromaius baudinianus emu evolution Emuarius phylogeny ratite

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Trustworthy evidence- based versus untrustworthy guidelines: detecting the difference

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Family Medicine and Community health 2023年第4期11卷 85-90页

作者： João Pedro Lima Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan Gordon h Guyatt Department of health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada

Guidelines are essential tools in healthcare *** guidelines inform clinicians not only on the direction(against or in favour)and strength(strong or weak/conditional)of recommendations but also on the certainty of the underlying *** trustworthy guidelines requires panellists with clinical and methodological expertise who consider patients’values and *** to trustworthiness standards remains variable;clinicians should,therefore,be able to distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy *** this paper,we offer eight domains of disparities between trustworthy evidence-based guidelines and less trustworthy guidelines.

关键词： worthy trust lists

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human and domesticated animal environmental DNA as bioassays of the Anthropocene

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The Innovation 2023年第1期4卷 14-15页

作者： David S.Thaler Jesse h.Ausubel Mark Y.Stoeckle Biozentrum University of BaselCH-4056 BaselSwitzerland Program for the human Environment Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNY 10065USA

human action famously transforms the Earth and its biosphere and geosphere.1 While most literature consider plowing,burning,debris,and other products and by-products of our activities,direct effects of changing human biomass might merit further *** are now the dominant terrestrial vertebrate,composing about 1/3 of land vertebrate biomass,which translates to 1/10 of total vertebrate biomass.2 The other terrestrial 2/3 consists nearly entirely of livestock kept by humans for ***-domesticated land vertebrates,from shrews to elephants to swallows,form a mere 3%.human and domestic animal sequences,commonly detected in environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding studies,are routinely excluded from ***,we hypothesize that extending eDNA analysis to include human and domesticated animal eDNA(hdaDNA)will provide insight into present-day and potentially historical human impacts on the biosphere(Figure 1).We think the distribution and abundance of hdaDNA are features of the Anthropocene worthy of study.

关键词： routine human terrestrial

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Technologically Advanced Reusable 3D Face Shield for health Workers Confronting COVID19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2565-2579页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Kaushal Naveen Kumar Vinay Kukreja Fahd S.Alharithi Ahmed h.Almulihi Arturo Ortega Mansilla Shikha Rani Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University140401PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia higher Polytechnic School Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 2139011SantanderSpain Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaCampeche24560Mexico National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra136119HaryanaIndia

The probability of medical staff to get affected from COVID19 is much higher due to their working environment which is more exposed to infectious ***,as a preventive measure the body temperature monitoring of medical staff at regular intervals is highly *** temperature sensing guns have proved its effectiveness and therefore such devices are used to monitor the body *** devices are either used on hands or *** a result,there are many issues in monitoring the temperature of frontline healthcare ***,these healthcare professionals keep wearing PPE(Personal Protective Equipment)kits during working hours and as a result it would be very difficult to monitor their body ***,these healthcare professionals also wear face shields and in such cases monitoring temperature by exposing forehead needs removal of face *** so after regular intervals is surely uncomfortable for healthcare *** avoid such issues,this paper is disclosing a technologically advanced face shield equipped with sensors capable of monitoring body temperature instantly without the hassle of removing the face *** face shield is integrated with a built-in infrared temperature sensor.A total of 10 such face shields were printed and assembled within the university lab and then handed over to a group of ten members including faculty and students of nursing and health science *** sequence was repeated four times and as a result 40 healthcare workers participated in the ***,feedback analysis was conducted on questionnaire data and found a significant overall mean score of 4.59 out of 5 which indicates that the product is effective and worthy in every *** analysis is also performed in the simulated environment and found that the device can easily withstand the typically applied *** limitations of this product are difficulty in cleaning the product and comparatively hig

关键词： Temperature sensing face shield electronic 3D face shield IoT enabled face-shield

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Characteristic of the equivalent impedance for an mxn RLC network with an arbitrary boundary

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017年第12期18卷 2070-2081页

作者： Zhi-zhong TAN hong ZhU Jihad h. ASAD Chen XU hua TANG Department of Physics Nantong University Nantong 226019 China College of Science Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213002 China Department of Physics Palestine Technical University Tulkarm p.o. Box 7 Palestine School of Electronics and lnformation Nantong University Nantong 226019 China Departrnent of Physics Yunhe Teachers College Pizhou 221300 China

Considerable progress has been made recently in the development of techniques to determine exactly two-point resistances in networks of various topologies. In particular, a general resistance formula of a non-regular mxn resistor network with an arbitrary boundary is determined by the recursion-transform （RT） method. however, research on the complex impedance network is more difficult than that on the resistor network, and it is a problem worthy of study since the equivalent impedance has many different properties from equivalent resistance. In this study, the equivalent impedance of a non-regular mxn RLC network with an arbitrary boundary is studied based on the resistance formula, and the oscillation characteristics and resonance properties of the equivalent impedance are discovered. In the RLC network, it is found that our formula leads to the occurrence of resonances at the boundary condition holding a series of specific values with an external alternating current source. This curious result suggests the possibility of practical applications of our formula to resonant circuits.

关键词： RLC network Resonance properties Oscillation characteristics Amplitude-frequency

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Preventions and Controls on Congenital Transmissions of Zika: Mathematical Analysis

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Applied Mathematics 2017年第4期8卷 500-519页

作者： Nita h. Shah Zalak A. Patel Bijal M. Yeolekar Department of Mathematics Gujarat University Ahmedabad Gujarat India L. D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad Gujarat India

Vector-borne diseases threat lives of millions of people in many countries of the world. Zika is one of the vector-borne diseases which initially spread by the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) and then it transmits vertically from a pregnant woman to her fetus or from an infected human to their sexual partners. The congenital transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) results in new born with microcephaly and other neurological abnormalities. The control of infected mosquitos is the best efficient way to control spread of ZIKV. Spraying insecticide is the safest and easiest way to control mosquitos, but sometimes it is cost worthy for long period of spraying. Controlled prevention from the vector bites can also help to control disease spread. To control congenital transmission and sexual transmission of ZIKV, preventions should be taken to reduce/stop pregnancy rate and safe heterosexual transmission among adults. Also, there is no specific treatment available for Zika disease. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms with rest, fluids and medications. Controlled combinations of rest, fluids and medications will help to recover early. As costs are incorporated with spraying, preventions and treatment, our aim is to minimise the total cost associated by controlling spraying, preventions and treatment. To fulfil this purpose a mathematical model is developed with disease dynamics in nine compartments namely Susceptible human child, Susceptible human male, Susceptible human female, Infected human child, Infected human male, Infected human female, Recovered human, Susceptible vector and Infected vector including vertical transmission of Zika disease. Numerical simulations have been carried out to optimise controls, and basic reproduction number and stability are calculated.

关键词： Zika Vertical Transmission Dynamical System Control Stability

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Thermal Balancing of a Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operating on Diesel, B5 and Palm Biodiesel Blends

Thermal Balancing of a Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operatin...

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作者： M.J.Abedin h.h.Masjuki M.A.Kalam A.Sanjid S.M.A.Rahman Centre for Energy Sciences Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya

Energy crisis and global warming are the two most important issues that threaten the peaceful existence of the human species. More dependency on alternative fuels and energy loss minimization can be an effective solution to this affair. In this regard, thermal balance study of an internal combustion(IC) engine using different biodiesels is worthy of investigation. This manuscript provides an in-depth analysis of the engine heat losses in different subsystems of the engine. Finally, thermal balancing of the engine has been done by showing all energy flows in and out of the engine. The investigation was conducted in a four cylinder diesel engine fuelled with pure diesel, B5(5% Palm biodiesel + 95% Diesel), 10%(PB10) and 20%(PB20) palm biodiesel blends at full load and in the speed range 1000 to 4000 RPM. The water heat loss and lubricating oil heat loss increased whereas the engine brake power, exhaust heat loss and unaccounted heat loss decreased with the increase of biodiesel percentage in the blends.

关键词： Thermal balance heat loss palm biodiesel diesel engine

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新型钢-胶合竹组合网架的试验研究

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南京工业大学学报（自然科学版） 2016年第5期38卷 7-12,20页

作者：杨秋旺肖岩吴越 MALYShEV R GIL h B 湖南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410082 南京工业大学土木工程学院江苏南京211800 美国南加州大学土木与环境工程系加州洛杉矶ca900892531

胶合竹(Glubam)是一种新型天然纤维增强复合材料,根据已有的关于胶合竹的力学性能研究,将胶合竹材与钢材组合,采用钢夹板螺栓连接和钢填板螺栓连接,从而设计出一种新型的钢-胶合竹组合网架并进行了相关试验。试验结果表明:该新型网架具... 详细信息

胶合竹(Glubam)是一种新型天然纤维增强复合材料,根据已有的关于胶合竹的力学性能研究,将胶合竹材与钢材组合,采用钢夹板螺栓连接和钢填板螺栓连接,从而设计出一种新型的钢-胶合竹组合网架并进行了相关试验。试验结果表明:该新型网架具有较高的承载力,且组合节点的螺栓连接均非常可靠,最终破坏时由胶合竹斜腹杆屈曲而引起。钢-胶合竹网架结构具有用钢量少、外形美观、结构承载能力高等诸多优点,值得进一步研究与发展。

关键词：胶合竹组合网架有限元分析

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New Developments in Anti-Anginal Therapy: Roles of Ivabradine, Allopurinol and of Agents Modifying Myocardial Metabolism

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第7期4卷 368-376页

作者： Thanh h. Nguyen Cher-Rin Chong Wai P. Chan John D. horowitz Department of Cardiology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Woodville South Australia

Over the last 20 years, it has emerged that, while surgical revascularisation of extensive ischaemic heart disease may have prognostic advantages, the main issues considered regarding individual management are usually those of symptomatic improvement only. The major impetus towards invasive intervention is therefore failure of prophylactic anti-anginal therapy. On the other hand, many patients, especially the elderly, now present the clinical problem of ongoing angina without residual invasive options. There is an ongoing need for more effective anti-anginal therapies. Of the currently available major classes of prophylactic anti-anginal agents, neither nitrates, β-blockers nor calcium antagonists generally produce marked improvements in exercise duration. Three areas of new therapeutic development in anti-anginal therapy are worthy of note. These involve the sinus node inhibitor ivabradine, high dose allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) and a new class of “metabolic modulators” represented by perhexiline, trimetazidine and probably ranolazine. The current review addresses the therapeutic potential of these agents. Notably, all of these “new” drugs are potentially suitable for management of angina in the setting of impaired left ventricular systolic function, and they may also be utilized in patients with angina independent of the presence of coronary disease (for example in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). The current evidence for efficacy and potential future development in this area are reviewed.

关键词： Anti-Anginal Therapy Myocardial Metabolism Stable Angina Pectoris Ivabradine Allopurinol

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成就伟业!——配合“一带一路”,贡献税收力量

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国际税收 2019年第4期 19-23页

作者：彼得A.巴尔内斯 h.大卫.罗森布鲁姆陈新美国杜克大学美国纽约大学国家税务总局苏州工业园区税务局

中国的“一带一路”倡议之宏大,让人难以想象:覆盖三大洲的近一百个国家,相关基础设施支出以数十亿美元计,其文化交流与融合构想在人类历史上前所未有。

关键词：一带一路力量税收基础设施人类历史文化交流美元支出

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