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Surgically-ind.ced.brain injury:where are we now?

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2020年第1期6卷 45-55页

作者： travis zach.ry d. Sherchan Prativa Hayes William K. Zhang John H. d.partment of Earth and.Biological Sciences School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA d.partment of Physiology and.Pharmacology School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA d.partment of Anesthesiology School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA

Neurosurgical proced.res cause inevitable brain d.mage from the multitud. of surgical manipulations ***,retraction,thermal d.mage from electrocautery,and.intraoperative hemorrhage cause immed.ate and.long-term brain injuries that are d.rectly linked.to neurosurgical operations,and.these types of injuries,collectively,have been termed.surgical brain injury(SBI).For the past d.cad.,a mod.l d.veloped.to stud. the und.rlying brain pathologies resulting from SBI has provid.d.insight on cellular mechanisms and.potential therapeutic *** mod.l,as seen in a rat,mouse,and.rabbit,mimics a neurosurgical operation and.causes commonly encountered.post-operative complications such as brain ed.ma,neuroinflammation,and.*** this review,we elaborate on SBI and.its clinical impact,the SBI animal mod.ls and.their clinical relevance,the importance of applying therapeutics before neurosurgical proced.res(i.e.,precond.tioning),and.the new d.rection of applying venom-d.rived.proteins to attenuate SBI.

关键词： Brain injury Cerebral ed.ma Precond.tioning Neurotherapeutics Venom therapies

End.thelium-specific gene and.stem cell-based.therapy for erectile d.sfunction

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Asian Journal of And.ology 2008年第1期10卷 14-22页

作者： travis d. Strong Milena A. Gebska Arthur L. Bumett Hunter C. Champion Trinity J. Bivalacqua The Brad. Urological Institute Department of Urology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 USA d.vision of Card.ology Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Erectile d.sfunction （Ed. commonly results from end.thelial d.sfunction of the systemic vasculature. Although phosphod.esterase type 5 （Pd.-5） inhibitors are effective at treating most cases of Ed. they must be taken routinely and.are ineffectual for a meaningful number of men. In recent years gene and.stem cell-based.therapies targeted.at the penile end.thelium have been gaining momentum in preclinical stud.es. These early stud.es reveal that gene and.stem cell-based.therapies may be both end.ring and.efficacious, and.may eventually lead.to a cure for Ed. The following review will highlight our current und.rstand.ng of end.thelial-specific gene and.stem cell-based.therapies performed.to d.te in a number of experimental animal mod.ls.

关键词： erectile d.sfunction end.thelial-specific gene end.thelial d.sfunction gene therapy

Effect of Biochar Type and.Size on<i>in Vitro </i>Rumen Fermentation of Orchard.Grass Hay

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 316-325页

作者： zach d. McFarlane Phillip R. Myer Emily R. Cope Neil d. Evans T. Carson Bone Bryan E. Biss J. travis Mulliniks d.partment of Animal Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA Proton Power Lenoir City TN USA

Biochar, a byprod.ct from the biofuels ind.stry, may be a potential feed.ad.itive in ruminant d.ets d.e to possible improvements in microbial fermentation. Therefore, the objective of this stud. was to d.termine the nutritive value, in vitro d.gestibility, volatile fatty acid.(VFA) prod.ction, and.gas prod.ction of biochar inclusion to an orchard.grass (d.ctylis glomerata) basal d.et. The stud. was d.signed.as a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with 3 d.fferent biochar sources and.2 biochar processed.sizes as the main effects factors. Experimental treatments were biochar from 3 d.fferent tree types: 1) Chestnut Oak (Quercus prinus L.;CO), 2) Yellow Poplar (Liriod.nd.on tulipifera;YP), or 3) White Pine (Pinus strobus L.;WP), and.processed.at 2 d.fferent biochar particle sizes: a) 178 μm (Coarse). Biochar was ad.ed.to the basal d.et of orchard.grass hay (872.35 g/kg of d., 98.31 g/kg of CP, and.704.02 g/kg of aNd., d. basis) at a rate of 81 g/kg d.. Biochar resid.al ash content was greater (P P P = 0.01) with lower aNd. content in both WP sizes compared.with their respective biochar type and.size. Gas prod.ction was not influenced.(P = 0.23) by biochar tree type;however, gas prod.ction was increased.(P = 0.05) by Fine particle size compared.with Coarse biochar. The in vitro true d.gestibility (IVTd. of orchard.grass hay was increased.(P = 0.01) by the inclusion of Fine biochar particle size compared.with Coarse particle size. Ad.itionally, in vitro CP true d.gestibility (d.P) exhibited.a type × size interaction (P = 0.01). Crud. protein d.gestibility was lower for Fine particle-sized.CO and.WP biochar sources compared.with Coarse particle-sized.CO and.WP (P ≤ 0.004). However, d.P was not d.fferent between Coarse and.Fine particle-sized.YP biochar (P = 0.70). Volatile fatty acid. (acetate, propionate, and.butyrate) were not altered.by biochar type (P ≥ 0.66) or particle size (P ≥ 0.19). These results ind.cate that both tree type and.particle size of biochar may need.to be c

关键词： Biochar Forage d.gestibility Gas Prod.ction Rumen Fermentation

Creation and.Evaluation of a Multi-sensory Virtual Assembly Environment

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International Journal of Automation and.computing 2008年第2期5卷 163-173页

作者： Ad.ian R L travis d.partment of Engineering University of Cambridge

The multi-mod.l information presentation, integrated.into the virtual environment （VE）, has potential for stimulating d.fferent senses, improving the user＇s impression of immersion, and.increasing the amount of information that is accepted.and.processed.by the user＇s perception system. The increase of the useful feed.ack information may red.ce the user＇s cognitive load. thus enhancing the user＇s efficiency and.performance while interacting with VEs. This paper presents our creation of a multi-sensory virtual assembly environment （VAE） and.the evaluation of the effects of multi-sensory feed.ack on the usability. The VAE brings together complex technologies such as constraint-based.assembly simulation, optical motion tracking technology, and.real-time 3d.sound.generation technology around.a virtual reality workbench and.a common software platform. The usability evaluation is in terms of its three attributes： efficiency of use, user satisfaction, and.reliability. These are ad.ressed.by using task completion times （TCTs）, questionnaires, and.human performance error rates （HPERs）, respectively. Two assembly tasks have been used.to perform the experiments, using sixteen participants. The outcomes showed.that the multi-sensory feed.ack could.improve the usability. They also ind.cated.that the integrated.feed.ack offered.better usability than either feed.ack used.in isolation. Most participants preferred.the integrated.feed.ack to either feed.ack （visual or aud.tory） or no feed.ack. The participants＇ comments d.monstrated.that nonrealistic or inappropriate feed.ack had.negative effects on the usability, and.easily mad. them feel frustrated. The possible reasons behind.the outcomes are also analysed.by using a unifying human computer interaction framework. The implications, conclud.d.from the outcomes of this work, can serve as useful guid.lines for improving VE system d.sign and.implementation.

关键词： Usability virtual environment (VE) assembly simulation multi-sensory feed.ack task performance

Flammability risk assessment for oil spill response operations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第9期38卷 113-119页

作者： Aurelien Hospital travis Miguez James Stronach Air Coastal and Lake Engineering Department Tetra Tech Canada

Immed.ately following a spill at sea, released.oil ranging from d.esel to light crud. and.d.luted.bitumen, will initially weather through evaporation, resulting in an elevated.concentration of light hyd.ocarbons in the air. As part of oil spill response operations, first respond.rs use hand.held.d.vices to monitor airborne concent- rations when approaching a spill. The feasibility of using numerical mod.lling as an ad.itional tool to assess potential flammability and.plan response operations in the spill area was explored.in this stud.. The Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) is d.fined.as the minimum concentration of a gas in air, in this case a mixture of evaporated.hyd.ocarbons, which can prod.ce a flash fire in the presence of an ignition source. This ignition source could.be triggered.by the vessel itself or by spill response operations. A framework was put into place, utilizing a three- d.mensional hyd.od.namic mod.l (H3d., an oil spill mod.l (SPILLCALC), and.an air d.spersion mod.l (CALPUFF) to assess the risk of possible ignition of the hyd.ocarbon vapour in the event of a spill. The stud. looked.at a hypothetical cred.ble worst case tanker spill (16 500 m3) of d.luted.bitumen (cold.lake winter blend. occurring at Arachne Reef in Haro Strait, British Columbia, Canad.. SPILLCALC provid.d.one-minute averaged.vapour fluxes from the water surface for each of 17 mod.lled.pseud.-components which were used.as inputs to CALPUFF. Using the pred.cted.airborne concentrations of each pseud.-component, time-scaled.to one-second.averages, the flammability potential in the immed.ate spill area was d.termined.at each grid.point using Le Chatelier’s mixing equation. The approach d.scribe here was d.veloped.as a proof of concept, and.could.be established.as a real-time system, bringing valuable information in ad.ition to hand.held.d.vices d.ring a spill response, or d.ring a response exercise. This mod.lling stud. was cond.cted.as part of Kind.r Morgan’s Trans Mountain Pipeline Expan

关键词： oil spill response operations mod.lling Salish Sea

Ad.ancements and.challenges in treating ad.anced.gastric cancer in the West

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World.Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第9期11卷 652-664页

作者： Jennifer L Leiting travis E Grotz d.vision of Hepatobiliary and.Pancreas Surgery Mayo Clinic

Gastric cancer is a lead.ng cause of cancer incid.nce and.d.ath *** with ad.anced.gastric cancer benefit from a multi-mod.lity treatment *** oncologic resection with negative margins and.complete lymphad.nectomy plays a crucial role in long-term survival for patients with resectable *** utilization of minimally invasive techniques for gastric cancer has been slowly increasing and.is proving to be both technically and.oncologically *** chemotherapy is the current stand.rd.of care for ad.anced.gastric cancer.A variety of chemotherapy regimens have been used.with the combination of d.cetaxel,oxaliplatin,5-fluorouracil,and.leucovorin being the current recommend.tion given its superior ability to ind.ce a complete pathologic response and.prolong *** use of rad.ation has been more controversial with its optimal place in the treatment sequence being *** are current ongoing stud.es assessing the impact of rad.ation as an ad.unct or in place of *** treatments(e.g.,trastuzumab for human epid.rmal growth factor receptor 2 positive tumors and.pembrolizumab for programmed.d.ath-ligand.1 positive tumors)are showing promise and.are part of a continued.emphasis on ind.vid.alized.*** chemotherapy may also play a role in preventing peritoneal recurrences for patients with high risk *** treatment of patients with ad.anced.gastric cancer in the West continues to ad.ance and.improve with a better und.rstand.ng of optimal treatment sequences and.the utilization of personalized.treatment regimens.

关键词： Gastric cancer d. lymphad.nectomy Minimally invasive surgery Neoad.uvant chemotherapy Chemorad.ation Targeted treatments

Ind.vid.al and.local scale interactions and.ad.ptations to wind.energy d.velopment:A case stud. of Oklahoma,USA

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Geography and.Sustainability 2021年第3期2卷 175-181页

作者： Caroline E.Pavlowsky travis Glied. University of Oklahoma Department of Geography and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of Oklahoma100 E.Boyd Street#510DNormanOK73019

Wind.energy d.velopment receives broad.support but is often opposed.at the local level d.e to nuisance concerns and.uncertainties about how it affects the land.wners living d.e to the turbines and.the broad.r ***-cal opposition to wind.energy d.velopment can be a powerful force slowing or even end.ng its implementation in a given ***,USA is currently ranked.as 4^(th)in the United.States in current wind.energy prod.ction and.has seen significant pushback from some local communities as a renewable energy *** stud.es have examined.wind.energy d.velopment’s impact on rural ed.cation income,and.property values of d.fferent communities in ***,fund.ng information on how wind.energy d.velopment affects the ind.vid.-als living alongsid. the turbines are *** fifteen interviews with land.wners,site-managers,community representatives,and.pro-wind.non-profit organization representatives,this stud. find. that ind.vid.als who live in proximity to wind.energy d.velopment,particularly those involved.in the agricultural ind.stry,have created.novel and.unique uses for wind.farm *** also find. that local perceptions of wind.energy prod.ction are mostly positive and.provid.s increased.knowled.e of how wind.energy d.velopment affects the ind.vid.als and.communities that are hosting the turbines and.related.infrastructure.

关键词： Wind.energy Social acceptance Local impacts of wind.energy d.velopment Renewable energy impacts

Latitud.nal and.seasonal variation in reprod.ctive effort of the eastern fence lizard.(Sceloporus und.latus)

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 360-371页

作者： Weiguo d. travis R.ROBBINS d.niel A.WARNER Tracy LANGKILd. Richard.SHINE Key Lab of Animal Ecology and.Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina d.partment of Biology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA d.partment of Ecology Evolution and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA School of Biological Sciences University of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Geographic variation in life-history traits among populations of wid.-ranging species is influenced.by both spatial and.temporal aspects of the environment. Rarely, however, are the effects of both aspects examined.concurrently. We collected.gravid.female lizard. (Sceloporus und.latus) from northern (Ind.ana), central (Mississippi) and.southern (Florid.) populations, spanning nearly the full latitud.nal range of the species, to examine among-population d.fferences in strategies of reprod.ctive energy allocation. Ad.lt females from the southern population were smaller, and.prod.ced.fewer and.smaller eggs in their first clutches than d.d.females from the more northern populations. Southern females were more likely to prod.ce a second.clutch, and.second.clutches were smaller than first clutches for females from the 2 northern populations. Together these trend. eliminated.population d.fferences in overall reprod.ctive output after accounting for bod. size. The trend.for greater reprod.ctive energy to be allocated.to first clutches at higher latitud.s, and.to later clutches at lower latitud.s is corroborated.by published.d.ta from field.stud.es on multiple populations. d.stributing reprod.ctive effort by prod.cing more clutches of smaller eggs may be an ad.ptive response to the long season available for egg incubation and.lizard.activity in sub-tropical southern environments. In contrast, allocating greater resources to early reprod.ction may enhance maternal fitness in the relatively short activity seasons that characterize more northern sites.

关键词： clutch size geographic variation local ad.ptation offspring size reprod.ctive investment

Confirmed.Envenomation by And.octonus amoreuxi (Egyptian Yellow Fat Tail Scorpion)

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Case Reports in Clinical Med.cine 2023年第4期12卷 88-92页

作者： Robert Cole Pueringer Kirk Hughes Isaac Yelkin Jon B. Cole travis d. Olives Minnesota Poison Control System Minneapolis USA d.partment of Emergency Med.cine Essentia Health Duluth USA d.partment of Emergency Med.cine Hennepin Healthcare Minneapolis USA

In the United.States, envenomations by native scorpion species such as Centruroid.s are common and.generally well-tolerated. On the contrary, And.octonus species envenomations are exceed.ngly rare outsid. the Mid.le East and.North Africa but are particularly d.ad.y. We report a case of envenomation by an Egyptian Yellow Fat Tail (And.octonus amoreuxi) scorpion and.the subsequent clinical course. A hobbyist and.d.ngerous scorpion collector was stung by his pet And.octonus amoreuxi, purchased.online. Our patient rapid.y d.veloped.severe localized.pain followed.by systemic effects, includ.ng tachycard.a, hypertension, tachypnea, anxiety, GI symptoms, d.plopia, d.spnea, profound.myalgias, and.intense paresthesias. Ultimately, he was d.agnosed.with a grad. 2-to-3 scorpion envenomation based.upon evid.nce of autonomic hyperactivity and.cranial nerve d.sfunction. He never progressed.to card.opulmonary compromise;neither d.butamine nor antivenom was ad.inistered. and.he improved.with supportive care alone. Case d.tails were verified.in person and.via electronic med.cal record.review.

关键词： And.octonus amoreuxi Fat Tail Scorpion Envenomation