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Network analysis and spatial agglomeration of China’s high-speed rail: A dual network approach

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第1期30卷 612-622页

作者： Wei Wang Wen-Bo Du Wei-Han Li Lu(carol)Tong Jiao-E Wang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Traffic Beijing 100191China School of Cyber Science and Technology Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Institute of Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

China has the largest high-speed railway(HSR) system in the world, and it has gradually reshaped the urban *** HSR system can be represented as different types of networks in terms of the nodes and various relationships(i.e.,linkages) between them. In this paper, we first introduce a general dual network model, including a physical network(PN)and a logical network(LN) to provide a comparative analysis for China’s high-speed rail network via complex network theory. The PN represents a layout of stations and rail tracks, and forms the basis for operating all trains. The LN is a network composed of the origin and destination stations of each high-speed train and the train flows between them. China’s high-speed railway(CHSR) has different topological structures and link strengths for PN in comparison with the LN. In the study, the community detection is used to analyze China’s high-speed rail networks and several communities are found to be similar to the layout of planned urban agglomerations in China. Furthermore, the hierarchies of urban agglomerations are different from each other according to the strength of inter-regional interaction and intra-regional interaction, which are respectively related to location and spatial development strategies. Moreover, a case study of the Yangtze River Delta shows that the hub stations have different resource divisions and are major contributors to the gap between train departure and arrival flows.

关键词： China’s high-speed rail dual network network analysis urban agglomeration

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Fibronectin: Functional character and role in alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2482-2499页

作者： Razia S Aziz-Seible carol A Casey Department of Biomedical Sciences Creighton University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center985870 Nebraska Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center 986350 Nebraska Medical Center The Liver Study Unit Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Fibronectins are adhesive glycoproteins that can be found in tissue matrices and circulating in various fluids of the body. The variable composition of fibronectin molecules facilitates a diversity of interactions with cell surface receptors that suggest a role for these proteins beyond the structural considerations of the extracellular matrix. These interactions implicate fibronectin in the regulation of mechanisms that also determine cell behavior and activity. The two major forms, plasma fibronectin (pFn) and cellular fibronectin (cFn), exist as balanced amounts under normal physiological conditions. However, during injury and/or disease, tissue and circulating levels of cFn become disproportionately elevated. The accumulating cFn, in addition to being a consequence of prolonged tissue damage, may in factstimulate cellular events that promote further damage. In this review, we summarize what is known regarding such interactions between fibronectin and cells that may influence the biological response to injury. We elaborate on the effects of cFn in the liver, specifically under a condition of chronic alcohol-induced injury. Studies have revealed that chronic alcohol consumption stimulates excess production of cFn by sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells while impairing its clearance by other cell types resulting in the build up of this glycoprotein throughout the liver and its consequent increased availability to influence cellular activity that could promote the development of alcoholic liver disease. We describe recent findings by our laboratory that support a plausible role for cFn in the promotion of liver injury under a condition of chronic alcohol abuse and the implications of cFn stimulation on the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. These findings suggest an effect of cFn in regulating cell behavior in the alcohol-injured liver that is worth further characterizing not only to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role this r

关键词： Fibronectin Liver disease Alcoholic liver disease Endocytosis Cellular fibronectin

The mill on the Floss

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Evolving paradigms in biological carbon cycling in the ocean

作者： George Eliot edited by carol T. Christ.

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National Science Review 2018年第4期5卷 481-499页

作者： Chuanlun Zhang Hongyue Dang Farooq Azam Ronald Benner Louis Legendre Uta Passow Luca Polimene carol Robinson Curtis A.Suttle Nianzhi Jiao Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Department of Biological Sciences and School of the Earth Ocean and EnvironmentUniversity of South Carolina Sorbonne Université Laboratoired' Océanographie de Villefranche LOV 6. Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara 7. Plymouth Marine Laboratory 8. School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia 9. Departments of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesBotany and Microbiology and Immunology and the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia

Carbon is a keystone element in global biogeochemical *** plays a fundamental role in biotic andabiotic processes in the ocean,which intertwine to mediate the chemistry and redox status of carbon in the ocean and the *** interactions between abiotic and biogenic carbon(***2,Ca CO3,organic matter)in the ocean are complex,and there is a half-century-old enigma about the existence of a huge reservoir of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC)that equates to the magnitude of the pool of atmospheric *** concepts of the biological carbon pump(BCP)and the microbial loop(ML)shaped our understanding of the marine carbon *** more recent concept of the microbial carbon pump(MCP),which is closely connected to those of the BCP and the ML,explicitly considers thesignificance of the ocean’s RDOC reservoir and provides a mechanistic framework for the exploration of its formation and *** of the MCP has benefited from advanced‘omics’and novel research in biological oceanography and microbial *** need to predict the ocean’sresponse to climate change makes an integrative understanding of the BCP,ML and MCP a high *** this review,we summarize and discuss progress since the proposal of the MCP in 2010 and formulate research questions for the future.

关键词： biological carbon pump microbial loop microbial carbon pump ocean carbon cycle global climate change

Enhanced dielectric and optical properties of nanoscale barium hexaferrites for optoelectronics and high frequency application

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第12期27卷 517-525页

作者： J Mohammed A B Suleiman Tchouank Tekou carol T H Y Hafeez Jyoti Sharma Pradip K Maji Sachin Godara Kumar A K Srivastava Department of Physics School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences Lovely Professional University Department of Physics Faculty of Science Federal University Dutse SRM Research Institute SRM University Department of Polymer and Processing Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Chemistry Guru Nanak Dev University

M-type barium hexaferrites with chemical composition Ba1-xDyxFe12-yCryO19(x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and y =0.0, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized via sol–gel auto-combustion method. The samples were pre-sintered at 400℃ for 3 h and sintered at 950℃ for 5 h. The changes in the structural, dielectric, and optical properties were studied after the substitution of Dy3+and Cr3+ions. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis confirms the formation of single phase hexaferrites with the absence of secondary phase. FTIR analysis gives an idea of the formation of hexaferrites with the appearance of two peaks at 438 cm-1and 589 cm-1. The field emission scanning electron micrographs(FESEM) show a combination of crystallites with large shapes close to hexagonal platelet-like shape and others with rice or rod-like shapes, whereas EDX and elemental analysis confirm the stoichiometry of prepared samples. The calculated band gap from UV-vis NIR spectroscopy spectra was found to decreases with increase in Dy3+–Cr3+substitution. The dielectric properties were explained on the basis of Maxwell–Wagner model. Enhancement of dielectric constant at higher frequencies was observed in all the samples. Low dielectric loss is also observed in all the samples and Cole–Cole plot shows that grain boundary resistance(Rgb) contribute most to the dielectric properties. The prepared samples exhibit properties that could be useful for optoelectronics and high frequency application.

关键词： Maxwell–Wagner model dielectric constant Cole–Cole plot optical band-gap

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Exploring the island nation at the edge＇,of the Arctic Circle

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2013年第1期 24-27,44页

作者： carol Pucci

短短三天的停留无法让我们有充裕时间租辆车子环岛到处跑，所以我们参加了金圈之旅一日游，走马观花地体会冰岛地形之美：

关键词：英语学习学习方法阅读知识阅读材料

Closing the gap in nursing education: Comparing nursing registration systems in Australia and China

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Chinese Nursing Research 2016年第1期3卷 1-6页

作者： carol Chunfeng Wang School of Nursing and Midwifery Edith Cowan University

Aim： To provide a better understanding of how the nursing registration process in China compares to that of Australia and to identify common features and potential barriers that may affect or facilitate the development of China＇s ever-demanding need for healthcare and nursing education. Background： Chinese nursing graduates are increasingly being used to augment the shortage of nurses in other countries, including Australia. However, China is desperately in need of strategies to cope with its current challenges in healthcare and nursing education. There is little discussion concerning the differences in nursing registration systems between countries, such as China and Australia. It is unknown how the differences and potential similarities of nursing registration systems in these two countries contribute to or impede nurses＇ training in China; or the potential for these Australia trained Chinese nursing returnees to cope with the challenges China is facing. Evaluation： Using Bereday＇s four steps comparison method, this paper will describe, explain, compare, and contrast the nursing registration systems of Australia and China. Key issues： Differences were found in the qualification requirements for：（ 1 ） initial registration, （2） levels of registration, （3） continuing professional development, （4） requirements of the registration renewal process, and （5） whether each country has a national nursing registration system. These factors may affect nursing education and healthcare development in China. Conclusions： Although differences in the nursing registration process between Australia and China were identified, the insights gained from this study support the development of strategies to help with China＇s ever-demanding need for nursing education and healthcare development, thereby alleviating its nursing shortage. Iraplicationsfor nursing management： The implications of globalization of nursing education, research, and clinical practice, coupled with the nursing shorta

关键词： Nursing registrationChinaAustraliaNursing educationComparative

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Physiologically based microenvironment for in vitro neural differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第3期10卷 23-33页

作者： Adriana carol Eleonora Graziano Rosanna Avola Vincenzo Perciavalle Ferdinando Nicoletti Gianluca Cicala Marinella Coco Venera Cardile Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Physiology University of Catania Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Pathology and OncologyUniversity of Catania Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania

The limited capacity of nervous system to promote a spontaneous regeneration and the high rate of neurodegenerative diseases appearance are keys factors that stimulate researches both for defining the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology and for evaluating putative strategies to induce neural tissue regeneration. In this latter aspect, the application of stem cells seems to be a promising approach, even if the control of their differentiation and the maintaining of a safe state of proliferation should be troubled. Here, we focus on adipose tissue-derived stem cells and we seek out the recent advances on the promotion of their neural differentiation, performing a critical integration of the basic biology and physiology of adipose tissuederived stem cells with the functional modifications that the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical microenvironment induces to cell phenotype. The pre-clinical studies showed that the neural differentiation by cell stimulation with growth factors benefits from the integration with biomaterials and biophysical interaction like microgravity. All these elements have been reported as furnisher of microenvironments with desirable biological, physical and mechanical properties. A critical review of current knowledge is here proposed, underscoring that a real advance toward a stable, safe and controllable adipose stem cells clinical application will derive from a synergic multidisciplinary approach that involves material engineer, basic cell biology, cell and tissue physiology.

关键词： Adipose stem cells Biomaterials Neurodegeneration Neural differentiation Physiological microenvironment

Eradicating Fraud in Healthcare： Possibly a Matter of Life or Death

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2017年第8期13卷 345-349页

作者： carol Sullivan University of Texas of the Permian Basin Texas USA

Healthcare fraud, waste, and abuse losses are estimated to be as much as $700 billion per year. These losses contribute to rapidly increasing healthcare costs for all Americans and the lack of healthcare or the malpractice of healthcare for money motivations can result in death. The purpose of this article is to describe several different types of healthcare frauds that occurred and to offer suggestions related to the prevention and/or detection of this type of fraud. With a better understanding of the frauds that can take place, auditors can help protect society from both unfair healthcare costs and medical problems.

关键词： healthcare fraud healthcare auditing data mining