检索结果-南通市图书馆

The price of protection:a defensive endosymbiont impairs nymph growth in the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 69-85页

作者： Daniel j.Leyboume jorunn I.B.Bos tracy A.Valentine Alison j.Karley Division of Plant Sciences School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeU K Cell and Molecular Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK Ecological Sciences the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK

Bacterial endosymbionts have enabled aphids to adapt to a range of stressors,but their effects in many aphid species remain to be *** bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus),is an important pest of cereals worldwide and has been reported to form symbiotic associations with Serratia symbiotica and Sitobion miscanthi L-type symbiont endobacteria,although the resulting aphid phenotype has not been *** study presents the first report of *** infection with the facultative bacterial endosymbiont Hamiltonella *** of *** were sampled from populations in Eastern Scotland,UK,and shown to represent seven *** genotypes based on the size of polymorphic microsatellite markers;two of these genotypes harbored *** parasitism assays,survival of ***-infected nymphs following attack by the parasitoid wasp Aphidius colemani(Viereck)was 5 fold higher than for uninfected *** genotype was a major determinant of aphid performance on two Hordeum species,a modern cultivar of barley *** and a wild relative ***,although aphids infected with *** showed 16%lower nymph mass gain on the partially resistant wild relative compared with uninfected *** findings suggest that deploying resistance traits in barley will favor the fittest *** genotypes,but symbiontinfected individuals will be favored when parasitoids are abundant,although these aphids will not achieve optimal performance on a poor quality host plant.

关键词： cereal aphid Hamiltonella defensa Hordeum spontaneum Hordeum vulgare symbiosis

The splicing factor Prp31 is essential for photoreceptor development in Drosophila

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Protein & Cell 2010年第3期1卷 267-274页

作者： Payal Ray Xiaoyan Luo Elizabeth j.Rao Amina Basha Elvin A.woodruff III jane Y.Wu Department of Neurology Northwestern University Feinberg Medical SchoolChicagoIL 60611USA Magnify Inc. 2316 Riverside DrNashvilleTN 37216USA Present address:Trumbull College Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA

Retinitis pigmentosa is a leading cause of blindness and a progressive retinal disorder,affecting millions of people *** disease is characterized by photoreceptor degeneration,eventually leading to complete *** dominant(adRP)has been associated with mutations in at least four ubiquitously expressed genes encoding pre-mRNA splicing factors—Prp3,Prp8,Prp31 and *** function of adRPassociated splicing factor genes and molecular mechanisms by which mutations in these genes cause cell-type specific photoreceptor degeneration in humans remain to be *** investigate the in vivo function of these adRP-associated splicing factor genes,we examined Drosophila in which expression of fly Prp31 homolog was *** analyses show that CG6876 is the likely candidate of Drosophila melanogaster Prp31 homolog(DmPrp31).Predicted peptide sequence for CG6876 shows 57%similarity to the Homo sapiens Prp31 protein(HsPrp31).Reduction of the endogenous Prp31 by RNAi-mediated knockdown speci-fically in the eye leads to reduction of eye size or complete absence of eyes with remarkable features of photoreceptor degeneration and recapitulates the bimodal expressivity of human Prp31 mutations in adRP *** transgenic DmPrp31RNAi flies provide a useful tool for identifying genetic modifiers or interacting genes for *** of the human Prp31 in these animals leads to a partial rescue of the eye *** results indicate that the Drosophila CG6876 is the fly ortholog of mammalian Prp31 gene.

关键词： Drosophila photoreceptor degeneration retinitis pigmentosa Prp31

Feeding the world: impacts of elevated [CO_(2)] on nutrient content of greenhouse grown fruit crops and options for future yield gains

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Horticulture Research 2023年第4期10卷 83-100页

作者： Nicholas H.Doddrell tracy Lawson Christine A.Raines Carol Wagstaff Andrew j.Simkin NIAB New RoadEast MallingKentME196BJ UK Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingBerkshire RG66DZUK School of Life Sciences University of EssexColchester CO44SQUK School of Biosciences University of KentCanterburyUnited Kingdom CT27NJUK

Several long-term studies have provided strong support demonstrating that growing crops under elevated[CO_(2)]can increase photosynthesis and result in an increase in yield,flavour and nutritional content(including but not limited to Vitamins C,E and pro-vitamin A).In the case of tomato,increases in yield by as much as 80%are observed when plants are cultivated at 1000 ppm[CO_(2)],which is consistent with current commercial greenhouse productionmethods in the tomato fruit *** results provide a clear demonstration of the potential for elevating[CO_(2)]for improving yield and quality in greenhouse *** major focus of this review is to bring together 50 years of observations evaluating the impact of elevated[CO_(2)]on fruit yield and fruit nutritional *** the final section,we consider the need to engineer improvements to photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation to allow plants to take greater advantage of elevated CO_(2) growth conditions.

关键词： crops greenhouse content

Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14172-14184页

作者： Carly E Kelley Ann j Brown Anna Mae Diehl tracy L Setji Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. Women with PCOS frequently have metabolic complications including insulin resistance(IR), early diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between PCOS and another metabolic complication: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). NAFLD occurs as a result of abnormal lipid handling by the liver, which sensitizes the liver to injury and inflammation. It can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), which is characterized by hepatocyte injury and apoptosis. With time and further inflammation, NASH can progress to cirrhosis. Thus, given the young age at which NAFLD may occur in PCOS, these women may be at significant risk for progressive hepatic injury over the course of their lives. Many potential links between PCOS and NAFLD have been proposed, most notably IR and hyperandrogenemia. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between PCOS and NAFLD. In the interim, clinicians should be aware of this connection and consider screening for NAFLD in PCOS patients who have other metabolic risk factors. The optimal method of screening is unknown. However, measuring alanine aminotransferase and/or obtaining ultrasound on high-risk patients can be considered. First line treatment consists of lifestyle interventions and weight loss, with possible pharmacologic interventions in some cases.

关键词： Polycystic ovary syndrome Fatty liver Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Bugs beneath the surface： the functional significance of soil macroinvertebrates to landscape health in Australia＇s tropical savannas

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2005年第4期12卷 307-312页

作者： tracy ZOE DAWES-GROMADZKI CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre Australia

Soil macroinvertebrates play an important role in sustaining production and biodiversity in Australia＇ s tropical savannas. For example, termites, through their foraging and nesting activities, recycle nutrients and carbon and produce soil pores that facilitate water infiltration. The challenge ahead is to quantitatively understand the relationships and processes that drive this. What roles do different species and functional groups of macroinvertebrates play in various landscape processes？ What are the effects of different land management practices （e.g., domestic cattle grazing, fire） on these relationships, and the consequences for landscape health？ This paper presents preliminary results from studies in northern Australia, that examine the effects of land condition and domestic cattle grazing on soil macroinvertebrates, and the potential for termites to be used as a tool to restore soil function in degraded areas. In northern Australia, increased degradation seems to be associated with declines in the diversity and activity of macroinvertebrates. Termites appear to be one of the most resilient groups, with some species capable of maintaining activity in degraded landscapes.

关键词： Australia landscape health land management soil function soil macroinvertebrates tropical savanna

3rd ANtarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network(ANGWIN)Science Workshop

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第1期34卷 1-3页

作者： tracy MOFFAT-GRIFFIN Mike j.TAYLOR Takuji NAKAMURA Andrew j.KAVANAGH j.Scott HOSKING Andrew ORR Britsh Antarctic survey High CrossCambridge CB30ETUK Utah State University LoganUT84322USA National Institute of Polar Research Tachikawa-shiTokyo 190-8518Japan

1. Overview The 3rd ANtarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network （ANGWIN） science workshop was held on 12-14 April 2016 in Cambridge, UK. ANGWIN is a highly successful grassroots program that was started in 2011 （in the Cornish English dialect ANGWIN means ＂the white＂）. Although ini- tially focused on the Antarctic, we now aim to develop collaborations in both polar regions.

关键词： ANGWIN)Science Workshop Wave

Homeostatic responses to amino acid insufficiency

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 135-137页

作者： tracy G.Anthony Department of Nutritional Sciences Rutgers University

This article provides a brief overview describing how two key signaling pathways, namely the integrated stress response and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, work together to facilitate cellular adaptation to dietary amino acid insufficiency. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is leading to identification of novel targets which aid in disease treatments, improve stress recovery and increase health span through slowed aging and enhanced metabolic fitness.

关键词： mTOR GCN2 Integrated stress response Asparaginase Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 Activating transcription factor 4

Monitoring real time polymorphic transformation of sulfanilamide by diffuse reflectance visible spectroscopy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第3期6卷 179-183页

作者： tracy O.Ehiwe Bruce D.Alexander john C.Mitchell Martin j.Snowden Laura j.Waters Medway Centre for Formulation Science Faculty of Engineering and Science University of Greenwich at Medway School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield

This study investigated the development of a novel approach to surface characterization of drug poly- morphism and the extension of the capabilities of this method to perform ＇real time＇ in situ measure- ments. This was achieved using diffuse reflectance visible （DRV） spectroscopy and dye deposition, using the pH sensitive dye, thymol blue （TB）. Two polymorphs, SFN-β and SFN-γ, of the drug substance sulfanilamide （SFN） were examined. The interaction of adsorbed dye with polymorphs showed different behavior, and thus reported different DRV spectra. Consideration of the acid/base properties of the morphological forms of the drug molecule provided a rationalization of the mechanism of differential coloration by indicator dyes. The kinetics of the polymorphic transformation of SFN polymorphs was monitored using treatment with TB dye and DRV spectroscopy. The thermally-induced transformation fitted a first-order solid-state kinetic model （R2=0.992）, giving a rate constant of 2.43 × 10^- 2 s 1.

关键词： Polymorphic transformation Sulfanilamide Diffuse reflectance visible spectroscopy Powder X-ray diffraction Differential scanning calorimetry

Recent development,utilization,treatment and performance of solid wastes additives in asphaltic concrete worldwide:A review

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 693-724页

作者： tracy Leh Xin Wong Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan Leo Choe Peng School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPinangMalaysia School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPinangMalaysia

Asphalt modifications either involved commercial or recycled waste materials modifiers help optimise and improve the deficient properties of asphalt mixtures relative to current *** manuscript reviews the recycling of waste materials generated from various sources such as household,agricultural and industrial to minimise natural resources exploitation,lower energy demand,and enhance overall pavement *** actual development and implementation of recycled asphalt pavement in numerous countries in Asia,North America,South America,Europe and Africa are emphasised,and their influence on the performance of asphalt pavements is *** pavement showed satisfying performance for years as maintenance and restoration are not ***,solid wastes are required to undergo pre-requisite treatments via mechanical,biological stabilization,thermal or chemical methods before the implementation as asphalt modifiers to ease the handling *** damage issues have been spotted in the implementation of several types of solid wastes and consequently reduced the strength and durability of ***,potential hydrophobic treatment can be adopted to improve the quality of asphalt mixtures by modifying the hydrophilic characteristics that are contributed by the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)or providing a superhydrophobic coating onto the *** treatments greatly weakened the moisture sensitivity of modified materials by reducing their water absorption and increasing their water contact *** modified mixtures are necessary to have identical or enhanced pavement performance to the conventional ***,future researchers are encouraged to broaden the research field in pavement engineering by considering chemical treatments in improving material properties to achieve cost-saving,efficient waste management,and higher commercial *** implementing any virgin materials,waste material

关键词： Sustainable pavement Industrial waste Cleaner environment Resources preservation Hydrophobic treatments Mechanical performances