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Improved resolution of mixed STR profiles using a fully automated differential cell lysis/DNA extraction method

Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 106-112页

作者： Matthew C.Goldstein Jordan O.Cox Lori B.Seman tra.ey dawson cruz Department of Forensic Science Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA

Sexual assault evidence often contains sperm cells,which are typically separated from nonsperm cells using manual differential lysis *** goal of this study was to evaluate the automated QIAGEN QIAcube for this purpose and to compare it to manual QIAGEN and manual organic differential methods using DNA yields and STR profile data for *** yields were determined by qPCR,followed by multiplex STR amplification,CE analysis,and mixture *** automated method was capable of effective cell separation,producing DNA yields sufficient for STR ***,sperm fraction human:male DNA ratios from the QIAcube samples were consistently closer to the desired 1:1 and STR profiles were less likely to result in mixtures,with 6–8fewer female alleles detected(median 1.5 alleles).Ultimately,using the QIAcube for automated differential processing of semen-containing mixtures reduces the need for downstream mixture interpretation and improves STR profile quality with substantially less hands-on time.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics sexual assault evidence QIAcube differential lysis sperm lysis automated DNA extraction mixture analysis

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Effects of storage time on DNA profiling success from archived latent fingerprint samples using an optimised workflow

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 61-68页

作者： Sydney I.Menchhoff April D.Solomon Jordan O.Cox Madison E.Hytinen Marilyn T.Miller tra.ey dawson cruz Department of Forensic Science Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Jefferson Parish Sheriff’s Office Regional DNA Laboratory HarveyLouisianaUSA

Due to recent improvements in forensic DNA testing kit sensitivity,there has been an increased demand in the criminal justice community to revisit past convictions or cold *** of these cases have little biological evidence other than touch DNA in the form of archived latent fingerprint lift *** this study,a previously developed optimised workflow for this sample type was tested on aged fingerprints to determine if improved short tandem repeat(STR)profiles could be ***-year-old samples processed with the optimised workflow produced an average of approximately five more STR alleles per profile over the traditional *** optimised workflow also produced detectable alleles in samples aged out to 28 *** the methods tested,the optimised workflow resulted in the most informative profiles from evidence samples more representative of the forensic *** workflow is recommended for use with archived latent fingerprint samples,regardless of the archival time.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics low template DNA touch DNA aged samples archived latent fingerprints optimised workflow

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Microalgae Cultivation Using Offshore Membrane Enclosures for Growing Algae (OMEGA)

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第1期3卷 18-32页

作者： Patrick Wiley Linden Harris Sigrid Reinsch Sasha Tozzi Tsegereda Embaye Kit Clark Brandi McKuin Zbigniew Kolber Russel Adams Hiromi Kagawa tra-My Justine Richardson John Malinowski Colin Beal Matthew A. Claxton Emil Geiger Jon Rask J. Elliot Campbell Jonathan D. Trent Advanced Organic Methods Penryn USA Department of Chemistry University of California Santa Cruz USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Nevada Reno USA Department of Ocean Sciences University of California Santa Cruz USA Dynamac Corporation NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field USA NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field USA School of Engineering University of California Merced USA SETI Institute Mountain View USA Universities Space Research Association Columbia USA

OMEGA is a system for cultivating microalgae using wastewater contained in floating photobioreactors (PBRs) deployed in marine environments and thereby eliminating competition with agriculture for water, fertilizer, and land. The offshore placement in protected bays near coastal cities co-locates OMEGA with wastewater outfalls and sources of CO2-rich flue gas on shore. To evaluate the feasibility of OMEGA, microalgae were grown on secondary-treated wastewater supplemented with simulated flue gas (8.5% CO2 V/V) in a 110-liter prototype system tested using a seawater tank. The flow-through system consisted of tubular PBRs made of transparent linear low-density polyethylene, a gas exchange and harvesting column (GEHC), two pumps, and an instrumentation and control (I&C) system. The PBRs contained regularly spaced swirl vanes to create helical flow and mixing for the circulating culture. About 5% of the culture volume was continuously diverted through the GEHC to manage dissolved oxygen concentrations, provide supplemental CO2, harvest microalgae from a settling chamber, and add fresh wastewater to replenish nutrients. The I&C system controlled CO2 injection and recorded dissolved oxygen levels, totalized CO2 flow, temperature, circulation rates, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), and the photosynthetic efficiency as determined by fast repetition rate fluorometry. In two experimental trials, totaling 23 days in April and May 2012, microalgae productivity averaged 14.1 ± 1.3 grams of dry biomass per square meter of PBR surface area per day (n = 16), supplemental CO2 was converted to biomass with >50% efficiency, and >90% of the ammonia-nitrogen was recovered from secondary effluent. If OMEGA can be optimized for energy efficiency and scaled up economically, it has the potential to contribute significantly to biofuels production and wastewater treatment.

关键词： Biofuels Wastewater Treatment Microalgae Photobioreactor CO2 Mass transfer Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry Instrumentation and Control

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