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Treatable causes of fever among children under five years in a seasonal malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 583-592页

作者： Francois Kiemde Marc Christian Tahita Palpouguini Lompo toussaint rouamba Athanase M.Some Halidou Tinto Petra F.Mens Henk D.F.H.Schallig Michael Boele van Hensbroek Institut de Recherche en Science de la Sante-Unite de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro NanoroBurkina Faso Academic Medical Centre Department of Medical MicrobiologyParasitology UnitAmsterdamThe Netherlands Global Child Health Group Academic Medical CentreUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background:Fever remains a major public health *** Burkina Faso,more than half of febrile children are considered not to be infected by *** study prospectively assessed probable(treatable)causes of fever in Burkinabe ***:A prospective study was conducted among febrile children(≥37.5°C)under 5 years of age presenting at four health facilities and one referral hospital in rural Burkina *** each participant,blood was collected for malaria microscopy and culture,urine for dipstick testing and culturing if tested positive for leucocytes and nitrite,stool for rotavirus/adenovirus testing,culture and parasitology,and a nasopharyngeal swab for ***:In total 684 febrile children were included in the *** falciparum malaria was found in 49.7%(340/684)of the participants and non-malaria infections in 49.1%(336/684)of *** non-nalaria infections included gastro-intestinal infections(37.0%),common bacterial pathogens of nasopharynx(24.3%),bacterial bloodstream infections(6.0%)and urinary tract infections(1.8%).Nearly 45%(154/340)of the malaria infected children were co-infected with non-nalaria infections,but only 3.2%(11/340)of these co-infections could be considered as a possible alternative cause of *** contrast,in the malaria microscopy negative children 18.0%(62/344)of the infections could be the probable cause of the *** were not isolated from 23.7%(162/684)of the febrile ***:Malaria remains the most common pathogen found in febrile children in Burkina ***,a relative high number of febrile children had non-malaria *** correct diagnosis of these non-malaria fevers is a major concern,and there is an urgent need to develop more point-of-care diagnostic tests and capacities to identify and treat the causes of these fevers.

关键词： Fever Children Infectious diseases Malaria

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Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Antifungal Resistance Profile of Candida auris in Africa: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 126-149页

作者： Isidore Wendkièta Yerbanga Seydou Nakanabo Diallo toussaint rouamba Delwendé Florence Ouedraogo Katrien Lagrou Rita Oladele Jean-Pierre Gangneux Olivier Denis Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos Isabel Montesinos Sanata Bamba Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Ecole Doctorale des Sciences De la Santé Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institute for Research in Health Sciences National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium and Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM) University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Univ Rennes CHU Rennes Inserm Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) European ECMM Excellence Center in Medical Mycology Université de Rennes Rennes France Department of Microbiology CHU Namur site-Godinne Université Catholique de Louvain Yvoir Belgium Ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc—Université Catholique de Louvain Bruxelles Belgium Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sour? Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Candida auris since it discovery in 2009 is becoming a severe threat to human health due to its very quickly spread, its worldwide high resistance to systemic antifungal drugs. In resource-constrained settings where several conditions are met for its emergence and spread, this worrisome fungus could cause large hospital and/or community-based outbreaks. This review aimed to summarize the available data on C. auris in Africa focusing on its epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile. Major databases were searched for articles on the epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile of C. auris in Africa. Out of 2,521 articles identified 22 met the inclusion criteria. In Africa, nearly 89% of African countries have no published data on C. auris. The prevalence of C. auris in Africa was 8.74%. The case fatality rate of C. auris infection in Africa was 39.46%. The main C. auris risk factors reported in Africa were cardiovascular disease, renal failure, diabetes, HIV, recent intake of antimicrobial drugs, ICU admissions, surgery, hemodialysis, parenteral nutrition and indwelling devices. Four phylogenetic clades were reported in Africa, namely clades I, II, III and IV. Candida auris showed a pan-African very high resistance rate to fluconazole, moderate resistance to amphotericin B, and high susceptibility to echinocandins. Finally, C. auris clade-specific mutations were observed within the ERG2, ERG3, ERG9, ERG11, FKS1, TAC1b and MRR1 genes in Africa. This systematic review showed the presence of C. auris in the African continent and a worrying unavailability of data on this resilient fungus in most African countries.

关键词： Africa Antifungal Resistance Candida auris Clinical Features Phylogenetic Clades

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