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Using coloured roots to study root interaction and competition in intercropped legumes and non-legumes

Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第3期3卷 191-199页

作者： Giacomo tosti Kristian Thorup-Kristensen Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of PerugiaBorgo XX Giugno 7406121 PerugiaItaly Department of Agriculture and Ecology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenHøjbakkegaards Alle 13DK-2630 TaastrupDenmark

Aims Root interactions between neighbour plants represent a fundamental aspect of the competitive dynamics in pure stand and mixed cropping *** comprehension of such phenomena places big methodological challenges,and still needs *** objectives of this work were(i)to test if a species with coloured roots can be used to examine the interaction in a legume-non-legume intercropping system;(ii)to verify the importance of initial root growth on the successive root development ofmixture component plants;(iii)to test if the root interaction in the shallowlayers has consequences for deep root growth and(iv)to compare the effect of intraspecific and interspecific competition on root development and biomass *** A detailed study on root growth and interaction was carried out using rhizotron tubes where two legume species were grown in pure stands or were intercropped with red beet,a variety of Beta vulgaris *** clear red *** the rhizotrons,the three species were grown either without competitors,with two plants of the same species to measure intraspecific competition or with one legume and one red beet plant to study interspecific *** use of mixtures where one component has clearly coloured roots,together with several scalar measurements of root depth and proliferation,allowed the measurement of the root system of each species when grown in the *** findings The use of rhizotron tubes coupled with species with coloured roots represented a valuable method to study the belowground interaction in mixed cropping *** initial root growth was a very important feature for the subsequent dominance of a species and it was not related to seed *** root growth was also important because the root interactions in the shallower soil layers were found to influence the root growth in deeper *** root system of the red beet showed much faster and deeper growth than that of the legumes,and made red beet

关键词： red beet root competition root interaction root proliferation rhizotron

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Antimicrobial activity of thin metallic silver flakes, waste products of a manufacturing process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第9期23卷 1570-1577页

作者： Manuela Anzano Alessandra tosti Marina Lasagni Alfredo Campiglio Demetrio Pitea Elena Collina Department of Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca

The aim of the research was to develop new products and processes from a manufacturing waste from an Italian metallurgic *** company produced thin silver metallic films and the production scraps were silver *** possibility to use the silver flakes in water disinfection processes was *** antimicrobial activity of the flakes was investigated in batch using Escherichia coli as Gram-negative microorganism *** flakes did not show any antimicrobial activity,so they were activated with two different processes： thermal activation in reducing atmosphere and chemical activation,obtaining,respectively,reduced flakes （RF） and chemical flakes （CF）.The flakes,activated with either treatment,showed antimicrobial activity against *** kill rate was dependent on the type of activated *** chemical flakes were more efficient than reduced *** kill rate determined for 1 g of CF,1.0 ± 0.2 min ？1 ,was greater than the kill rate determined for 1 g of RF,0.069 ± 0.004 min ？1 .This was confirmed also by the minimum inhibitory concentration *** was demonstrated that the antimicrobial capability was dependent on flakes amount and on the type of aqueous ***,the flakes maintained their properties also when used a second ***,the antimicrobial activities of flakes were tested in an effluent of a wastewater treatment plant where a variety of heterotrophic bacteria were present.

关键词： metallic silver antimicrobial activity Escherichia coli activation reducing atmosphere waste recovery

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Commentary on “Will male semen quality improve with environmental quality?”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第2期25卷 286-286页

作者： Elisabetta tosti Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms Stazione Zoologica Anton DohrnNaples 80121Italy

The adverse effect of environmental pollution,climate change,and bad lifestyles on human reproductive fitness and health is reported in a large body of literature and is a matter of attention from the scientific community and governments all over the *** several reproductive processes from gametogenesis up to embryo and fetal development are affected by a variety of environmental stressors,most of the data available in the literature are related to sperm physiology and quality.1 I read with interests the article by Dai et al.2 that reports an improvement of sperm quality along with environmental quality in Wenzhou,a highly populated area in the south of Zhejiang province,coastal eastern China.

关键词： China. coastal pollution

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一项针对191例斑秃患者的长期随访研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 12-13页

作者： tosti a. Bellavista S. Iorizzo M. 王琼

Background: The prognosis of alopecia areata (AA) is difficult to predict. Few studies report long-term follow-up of AA patients. Objective: The purpose of this study is to better assess the long-term evolution of AA and the possible relationship between disease severity and treatment response with long-term prognosis. Methods: One hundred ninety one patients with AA who presented with a new diagnosis of AA between 1983 and 1990 were subsequently contacted by phone. Patients were queried regarding current disease status, treatments, and disease course. Results: Severity of AA at first consultation ranged from mild (128 patients) to severe (63 patients). Fifty-five of 191 patients were affected by concomitant autoimmune or related inflammatory disease. Sixty-six of 191 patients were presently disease free (followup duration, 15-22 years; mean 17.74 years). These include 41 of 60 patients with S1 disease (68.3%), 22 of 68 patients with S2 disease (32.3%), 1 of 11 patients with S3 disease (9%), 1 of 14 patients with S4 disease (7.1%), and 1 of 11 patients with alopecia totalis (AT) (9.1%). Sixty-nine of 191 patients (36-1%) were presently affected by AT or alopecia universalis. There was a statistically significant tendency of severe patterns of AA to worsen over time. In children, 18 of 39 (13 with ≤S2 disease and 5 with ≥S3 disease) with AA had developed AT or alopecia universalis at long-term follow-up. In children, however, this trend was not statistically significant. Patients with severe AA who responded to topical immunotherapy seem to have a better prognosis than nonresponders. Limitations: Follow-up was only performed by phone. Conclusions: Severity of AA at time of first consultation is an important prognostic factor. Response to therapy (topical immunotherapy) may be associated with better prognosis. In children, the prognosis is worse; our study found that AA worsens over time.

关键词：斑秃患者随访研究普秃全秃免疫治疗疾病状况严重度随访情况自身免疫炎症疾病

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头发直径的差异一个反映毛囊变小的临床体征

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中华皮肤科杂志 2003年第7期36卷 413-414页

作者： de Lacharriere O Deloche C Misciali C Piraccini BM Vincenzi C Bastien P Tardy I Bernard BA tosti a 夏隆庆徐文严单位不详

目前评价雄激素源性脱发主要采用Hamilton Ludwig和Savin等提出的临床综合分级法和其他较精确的技术方法。其中，毛发摄像图（phototrichogram）是公认的一种非创伤性技术，成为评价脱发程度和疗效的常规检查方法。

关键词：毛囊囊变临床体征头发生长非创伤性雄激素源性脱发常规检查差异综合技术方法

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非那司提治疗女性脱发

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 19-20页

作者： Iorizzo M. Vincenzi C. Voudouris S. A. tosti 王琼 Department of Dermatology University of Bologna Via Massarenti 1 40138 Bologna Italy Dr.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral finasteride therapy associated with an oral contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol in premenopausal women with female pattern hair loss. Setting: Outpatient consultation for hair disorders at the Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna. Patients and Intervention: Thirty-seven women with female pattern hair loss were treated with oral finasteride, 2.5 mg/d, while taking an oral contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol. Treatment efficacy was evaluated using global photography and the hair density score from videodermoscopy. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess patient evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Results: At 12-month follow-up, 23 of the 37 patients were rated as improved using global photography (12 were slightly improved, 8 were moderately improved, and 3were greatly improved). No improvement was recorded in 13 patients. One patient experiencedworsening of the condition. There was a statistically significant (P=.002) increase in the hair density score in 12 patients. No adverse reactions to the drug were reported. Conclusions: Sixty-two percent of the patients demonstrated some improvement of their hair loss with the use of finasteride, 2.5 mg/d, while taking the oral contraceptive. It is unclear whether the success was due to a higher dosage of finasteride (2.5 mg instead of 1 mg) or to its association with the oral contraceptive containing drospirenone, which has an antiandrogenic effect. Further studies are necessary to understand which patterns of female pattern hair loss respond better to this treatment.

关键词：非那司提毛发疾病口服避孕药屈螺酮乙炔雌二醇抗雄激素作用 Bologna

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用国际勃起功能指数评价口服Finasteride药物对男性脱发患者性功能的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 59-60页

作者： tosti a. Pazzaglia M. Soli M. 罗素菊冯义国 Department of Dermatology University of Bologna Via Massarenti 1 40138 Bologna Italy Dr.

Objective: To evaluate variations in sexual and erectile function in subjects taking 1 mg of finasteride for androgenetic alopecia by administering the abridged 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire before and during treatment. Design: In a multicenter study, 186 patientswith androgenetic alopeciawere asked to complete the IIEF-5 regarding the domain of erectile function before (at baseline) and 4 to 6 months after beginning finasteride treatment. The test was self-administered. Setting: The study was conducted in 7 institutional dermatology departments in Italy (Bologna, Rome, Genoa, Cagliari, Milan, Florence, and Bari). Patients: A total of 186 patients with androgenetic alopecia were evaluated before and 4 to 6 months after the initiation of finasteride therapy (1 mg). All patients (age range, 19-43 years; mean age, 28.3 years) were followed up as outpatients. Results: The score on each of the 5 domains of the IIEF-5 did not showany significant change after 4 to 6months of treatment. Conclusions: Our results support the clinical impression that sexual side effects are actually much less common than reported in clinical trials. The sexual function of all patients remained stable during treatment with 1 mg of finasteride.

关键词：男性脱发 Finasteride 性功能勃起功能博洛尼亚卡利亚里临床试验研究部门

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白消安化疗致永久性脱发

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 24-25页

作者： tosti a. Piraccini B.M. Vincenzi C. Misciali C. 冯义国 Department of Dermatology University of Bologna Via Massarenti 1 40138 Bologna Italy

Systemic chemotherapy is a well known cause of reversible hair loss. Busulfan chemotherapy, however, is responsible for a permanent alopecia that usually occurs in bone marrow transplant patients. We report two patients with permanent alopecia due to busulfan chemotherapy. Both patients had a diffuse alopecia characterized by greatly reduced hair density with short, thin hair. The pathology showed reduced follicular density in the absence of fibrosis, suggesting

关键词：永久性脱发白消安毛囊干细胞角质形成细胞骨髓移植病理显示弥漫性

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绝经后女性前额纤维化性脱发

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 5-6页

作者： tosti a. Piraccini B.M. Iorizzo M. Misciali C. 张宪旗

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a variety of cicatricial alopecia characterized by a band of frontal/frontoparietal hair recession and marked decrease or a complete loss of the eyebrows, typically observed in women who are postmenopausal. The purpose of this study was to report clinical and histopathologic findings and results of treatment in a group of women affected by the disease. A total of 14 women with alopecia of the frontal hairline were evaluated from June 2000 through July 2003 in our outpatient consultation for hair disorders. Clinical examination revealed a band of symmetric recession of the frontoparietal hairline extending to the preauricular areas associated with loss of follicular orifices, mild skin atrophy, and perifollicular erythema at the scalp margin. In all, 9 patients also had partial or total loss of the eyebrows. The histologic features of the scalp specimens were similar in all our patients with a reduction of the number of hair follicles, and a high number of intermediate and velluslike follicles. Intemediate and velluslike follicles were more commonly affected than terminal follicles by the lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate and perifollicular fibrosis. Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a cicatricial alopecia that follows destruction of hair follicles by an inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate that is localized around the upper portion of the hair follicle. It differs from lichen planopilaris because the lymphocytic infiltrate and fibrosis affect selectively the intermediate and the velluslike follicles of the frontal margin and eyebrows. The reason for this selective involvement is still unknown. Frontal fibrosing alopecia may represent a variety of lichen planopilaris with selective involvement of certain androgen- dependent areas. The affected follicles may have typical biologic markers that could explain the clinical and histologic features found in the disease. It is interesting to note that some of the patients treated with finasteride (

关键词：化性瘢痕性脱发病理学检查皮肤萎缩炎性浸润扁平苔癣耳前雄性激素头顶部淋巴细胞浸润

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局部注射英夫利昔单抗治疗克罗恩病的术后复发

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 32-33页

作者： Biancone L. Cretella M. tosti C. 王晓君(译) 郑世成(校) Cattedra di Gastroenterologia Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Universita di Roma Tor Vergata Via Montpellier 1 00133Rome Italy 不详

Background: Local injection of infliximab in Crohn’s disease (CD) lesions may reduce the risk of rare side effects, reduce the dose, and increase the efficacy of the drug. The objective was to prospectively assess the feasibility and the safety of local injection of infliximab for the postoperative recurrence of patients with CD who were followed for at least 1 year. Methods: In a pilot, open-label study, 8 patients with CD (3 men; median age 48 years, range 35- 82 years) undergoing ileocolonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Inclusion criteria included the following: (1) localized (< 5 cm) recurrence, (2) inflammatory pattern, and (3) clinically inactive CD. At the first endoscopy, lesions were injected with infliximab (median, 30 mg; range, 8- 60 mg); a control endoscopy was performed at 2 weeks in 4 patients (3 received a second injection followed by a control endoscopy at 6 weeks) and at 4 weeks in 4 patients (2 received a second injection followed by a control endoscopy at 8 weeks). Observations: No patients showed side effects or clinical relapse in the short term and the long term (median follow-up, 20 months; range, 14- 21 months). Endoscopic score improved in 3/8 patients. The histologic scores were reduced in 4 patients, worsened in 3, and were unchanged in one patient with CD. Conclusions: Local injection of infliximab into patients with CD recurrence is feasible and safe, requiring a low dose. Present findings suggest the need of placebo-controlled trials to assess the efficacy of this new and safe procedure in subgroups of patients with CD.

关键词：局部注射单抗治疗术后复发克罗恩病内镜检查再次注射药物剂量临床研究前瞻性评估结肠镜检查

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