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Amount of Calcium Elution and Eroded Lesion Depth in Bovine Enamel Derived from Single Short Time Immersion in Carbonated Soft Drink <i>in Vitro</i>

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2015年第3期5卷 80-86页

作者： Koji Watanabe toshiko tanaka Kenshi Maki Hideaki Nakashima Shigeru Watanabe Division of Pediatric Dentistry Department of Development and Fostering Meikai University School of Dentistry Saitama Japan Division of Surgery Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Fukuoka Japan Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Fukuoka Japan

Erosion is one of serious oral health problems among Japanese children. Some dentists argue that brushing just after food/drink intake induces enamel abrasion. Objectives of this study were to evaluate amount of calcium elution from bovine enamel due to single and short immersion into carbonated soft drink, to calculate depth of the eroded lesion, and to determine when to brush teeth after carbonated soft drink intake from the view point of preventing enamel abrasion. Four enamel specimens were made from each of eight bovine teeth. The specimens were covered by quick-cure resin except for enamel surfaces. The four specimens from each bovine tooth were classified into three, six, nine, and 12 minutes immersion (IM3, IM6, IM9, and IM12) groups and immersed separately in five mL of carbonated soft drink. After the immersion, the calcium concentration of the original drink and the drink samples were evaluated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The dimension of each enamel specimen was calculated using a planimeter. The amount of eluted calcium per unit area of the enamel specimen into each drink sample was obtained. The depth of the demineralized lesion was obtained by dividing the amount of calcium elution per unit area by the concentration of calcium in enamel and the specific gravity of enamel. The lesion depth of the IM3 group was significantly lower than those in the IM6, IM9, and IM12 groups. The mean lesion depth in the IM12 group which showed the deepest lesion depth was 0.21 μm. As conclusions, the erosive lesion depth due to intake of carbonated soft drink was much shallower than remineralized enamel surface of a white spot lesion which can be repaired in plaque fluid in a short time, suggesting such erosion hardly causes tooth wear, hence it was suggested that brushing teeth just after the intake was recommended.

关键词： Erosion Bovine Enamel Carbonated Soft Drink Calcium

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Acid Elution of Aluminum and Calcium from Human Deciduous Enamel in Relation to Dental Caries

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2016年第2期6卷 54-63页

作者： Koji Watanabe toshiko tanaka Ayaka Enomoto Katsura Saeki Shigenori Kawagishi Hideaki Nakashima Kenshi Maki Shigeru Watanabe Division of Pediatric Dentistry Department of Human Development and Fostering Meikai University School of Dentistry Sakado Japan Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Division of Surgery Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Division of Multidisciplinary Studies Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan

Although aluminum itself was reported to prevent dental caries, previous in vitro studies reported that the aluminum level in the whole saliva of children was independent of caries prevalence. Purposes of this study were to compare the elution levels of aluminum and calcium from deciduous enamel into acidic artificial saliva, and determine whether the degree of aluminum elution reflects individual caries risk. One hundred and eleven extracted human deciduous teeth were collected. Concentrations of aluminum and calcium eluted from sound regions of enamel into artificial saliva (pH 6.2 or 5.5) were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. One hundred and four and 108 available data samples were obtained for aluminum and calcium evaluation, respectively, and were compared based on the sex, tooth type, caries history, and the number of the donor’s carious teeth at each pH. Calcium elution was not affected by the sex;however, more aluminum was eluted from boys’ than from girls’ teeth at pH 5.5. The aluminum release depended on the tooth type, and was significantly higher in incisors than in molars at a pH of 5.5. In relation to the caries history, aluminum (at pH 5.5) and calcium (at pH 6.2) dissolved more from sound regions of the enamel of caries-experienced teeth than from the enamel of teeth without caries experience. Moreover, aluminum markedly dissolved from enamel in artificial saliva at both pH 6.2 and 5.5 when the donor had more carious teeth, regardless of the presence or absence of caries experience in the sampled teeth. There is a possibility that the rate of aluminum elution from enamel into acidic fluid reflects individual caries sensitivity.

关键词： Aluminum Elution Deciduous Enamel Dental Caries Artificial Saliva

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Exploiting fly models to investigate rare human neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 21-28页

作者： Tomomi tanaka Hyung-Lok Chung Department of Neurology Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTXUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA

Rare neurological diseases,while individually are rare,collectively impact millions globally,leading to diverse and often severe neurological *** attributed to genetic mutations that disrupt protein function or structure,understanding their genetic basis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and targeted *** investigate the underlying pathogenesis of these conditions,researchers often use non-mammalian model organisms,such as Drosophila(fruit flies),which is valued for their genetic manipulability,cost-efficiency,and preservation of genes and biological functions across evolutionary *** tools available in Drosophila,including CRISPR-Cas9,offer a means to manipulate gene expression,allowing for a deep exploration of the genetic underpinnings of rare neurological *** boasts a versatile genetic toolkit,rapid generation turnover,and ease of large-scale experimentation,making it an invaluable resource for identifying potential drug *** can expose flies carrying disease-associated mutations to various compounds,rapidly pinpointing promising therapeutic agents for further investigation in mammalian models and,ultimately,clinical *** this comprehensive review,we explore rare neurological diseases where fly research has significantly contributed to our understanding of their genetic basis,pathophysiology,and potential therapeutic *** discuss rare diseases associated with both neuron-expressed and glial-expressed *** cases include mutations in CDK19 resulting in epilepsy and developmental delay,mutations in TIAM1 leading to a neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and language delay,and mutations in IRF2BPL causing seizures,a neurodevelopmental disorder with regression,loss of speech,and abnormal *** we explore mutations in EMC1 related to cerebellar atrophy,visual impairment,psychomotor retardation,and gain-of-function mutations in ACOX1 causing Mitchell ***-of-fun

关键词： ACOX1 Drosophila melanogaster glia lipid metabolism model organisms neuroinflammation neurologic disorders neuron rare disease VLCFA

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微型金属注射成形制品质量的改善

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粉末冶金技术 2005年第2期23卷 91-94页

作者： toshiko Osada Shigeo tanaka 永佳 Taisei-Kogyo Co. Ltd.Osaka 572-0073Japan

本研究的目的是改善微型金属注射成形(μMIM)制品的质量。为此,研究着重于混练与注射成形的工艺。采用不同容量的三种型号混练机和二种型号注射机以制备混练料粒和微型哑铃形试样。测定了混练料粒的烧结密度和重量损失,也考虑了微型哑... 详细信息

本研究的目的是改善微型金属注射成形(μMIM)制品的质量。为此,研究着重于混练与注射成形的工艺。采用不同容量的三种型号混练机和二种型号注射机以制备混练料粒和微型哑铃形试样。测定了混练料粒的烧结密度和重量损失,也考虑了微型哑铃试样的烧结密度与强度。计算了每项性能的变动系数(CV)值,并讨论了均匀性。结果表明,较小的混炼机和注射机制造的试样,重量损失、烧结密度和强度的变化程度较小。

关键词：金属注射成形微型制品质量烧结密度重量损失变动系数注射机试样均匀性混炼机哑铃型号强度

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Selective decrease in colonic CD56^+ T and CD161^+ T cells in the inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第45期13卷 5995-6002页

作者： Masaru Shimamoto Yoshitaka Ueno Shinji tanaka toshiko Onitake Rie Hanaoka Kyoko Yoshioka Tsuyoshi Hatakeyama Kazuaki Chayama Department of Medicine and Molecular Science Hiroshima University Hiroshima 734-8551Japan Department of Endoscopy Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan

AIM： To investigate the role of local colonic mucosal NK receptor-positive T （NKR＋ T） cells in the regulation of intestinal inflammation, we analyzed the population and function of these cells in ulcerative colitis （UC）. METHODS： Colonic mucosal tissues were obtained from colonoscopic biopsies of the descending colon from 96 patients with UC （51 endoscopically uninflamed, 45 inflamed） and 18 normal controls. Endoscopic appearance and histologic score at the biopsied site were determined by MaLts＇ classification. A single cell suspension was prepared from each biopsy by collagenase digestion. Two NKR^＋ T cell subsets, CD56^＋（CD56^＋CD3^＋） T cells and CD161＋（CD161^＋CD3^＋） T cells, were detected by flow cytometric analysis. Intracellular cytokine analysis for anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 （IL-10） was performed by in vitro stimulation with phorbol-myristateacetate （PMA） and ionomycin. RESULTS： CD56^＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells are present in the normal human colon and account for 6.7% and 21.3% of all mononuclear cells, respectively. The populations of both CD56＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells were decreased significantly in the inflamed mucosa of UC. In contrast, the frequency of conventional T cells （CD56 CD3^＋ cells and CD161CD3^＋ cells） was similar among the patient and control groups. The populations of NKR^＋ T cells were correlated inversely with the severity of inflammation, which was classified according to the endoscopic and histologic Marts＇ criteria. Interestingly, approximately 4% of mucosal NKR＋ T cells expressing IL-10 were detected by in vitro stimulation with PMA and ***： Selective reduction in the population of colonic mucosal NKR＋T cells may contribute to the development of intestinal inflammation in UC.

关键词： Natural killer T cells Ulcerative colitis Interleukin-10

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The Fefferman-Stein-Type Inequality for the Kakeya Maximal Operator Ⅱ

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2002年第3期18卷 447-454页

作者： Hitoshi tanaka Department of Mathematics Gakushuin University 1-5-1 Mejiro Toshima-ku Tokyo 171-8588 Japan

Let K, 0 ±1, be the Kakeya maximal operator defined as the supremum of averages over tubes of the eccentricity . The (so-called) Fefferman-Stein-type inequality: $|| {K_\delta f} ||_{L^d({{\rm R}^d,w})} \le C_d ({1 \over \delta})^{(d - 2)/2d}(\log ({1 \over \delta } ))^{\alpha_d} || f ||_{L^d ({\rm R}^d,K_{\delta}w})}$is shown, where Cd and d are constants depending only on the dimension d and w is a weight. The result contains the exponent (d-2)/2d which is smaller than the exponent (d-2)(d-1)/d(2d-3) obtained in [7].

关键词： Maximal functions Weighted inequalties

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One-Dimensional Modeling of Multiple Scattering in the Upper Inner Core: Depth Extent of a Scattering Region in the Eastern Hemisphere

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第5期24卷 706-715页

作者： Satoru tanaka Institute for Research on Earth Evolution Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Attenuation of PKP（DF） in the Eastern Hemisphere is examined in terms of multiple scattering to simultaneously explain a puzzling relationship, a relatively fast velocity anomaly corre- sponding to strong attenuation. Reflectivity synthetics with one-dimensional random velocity fluctua- tions are compared with observations of PKP（DF）/PKP（Cdiff） amplitude ratios and differential travel times of PKP（Cdiff）-PKP（DF） for the equatorial paths. A Gaussian distribution of P-wave velocity fluctuations with the standard deviations of 5%, 6%, and 7% in the uppermost 200 km of the inner core is superimposed on the velocity structure that is slightly faster than the typical structure in the Eastern Hemisphere, which is likely to explain both the travel time and amplitude data as far as only the one-dimensional structure is considered. Further examinations of the statistic characteristic of scat- terer distribution in two and three-dimensions are required to obtain a realistic conclusion.

关键词： seismology the inner core attenuation scattering.

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Tingley's Problem on Symmetric Absolute Normalized Norms on R^2

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第8期30卷 1324-1340页

作者： Ryotaro tanaka Department of Mathematical Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNiigata University

In this paper,we study Tingley＇s problem on symmetric absolute normalized norms on R^*** construct new methods for Tingley＇s problem on two-dimensional spaces by using isosceles orthogonality,which does not make use of the notion of natural ***,using our methods,several sufficient conditions for Tingley＇s problem on symmetric absolute normalized norms on R2 are *** applications,we present various new examples including the two-dimensional Lorentz sequence space d^（2）（ω,q） and its dual d^（2）（ω,q）＊by simple arguments.

关键词： Tingley's problem isometric extension problem isosceles orthogonality symmetric absolute normalized norm

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Application of 3D Scanned Big Data of Large-scale Cultural Heritage Objects Based on Noise-robust Transparent Visualization

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系统仿真学报 2023年第8期35卷 1635-1650页

作者： tanaka Satoshi College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan UniversityShiga 525-8577Japan

Three-dimensional(3D) scanning technology has undergone remarkable developments in recent *** acquired by 3D scanning have the form of 3D point *** 3D scanned point clouds have data sizes that can be considered big *** also contain measurement noise inherent in measurement *** properties of 3D scanned point clouds make many traditional CG/visualization techniques *** paper reviewed our recent achievements in developing varieties of high-quality visualizations suitable for the visual analysis of 3D scanned point *** demonstrated the effectiveness of the method by applying the visualizations to various cultural heritage *** main visualization targets used in this paper are the floats in the Gion Festival in Kyoto(the float parade is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List) and Borobudur Temple in Indonesia(a UNESCO World Heritage Site).

关键词： 3D scanning point cloud transparent visualization noise transparentization cultural heritage object

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The Research Existing Condition and Application of Solid Waste Disposal in Japan

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四川大学学报（工程科学版） 2009年第S1期41卷 62-69页

作者： tanaka Reiji KITATSUJI Masafumi Faculty of Eng. Tohoku Inst.e of Technol. Miyagi Univ.

Japan lacked resources is a large import country and also a large consuming *** it is turned society structure system of consumption goods stocked in domestic,which leads to 450 millions ton waste ***,because of continuing development of intermediate handling and recycled utilization technology,finally disposed waste materials approximately 30 millions *** quantity of concrete product is consumed 300 millions ton per year unprecedented,beau case of large scope,it is expected valid and large absorption industry of recycled material. The purpose of this paper is to do a report on applied present status and future assignment of recycled material and building structure in Japan.

关键词： inorganic waste recycled aggregate circumstance security precast concrete product reinforced concrete structure

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