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Roles of Sex Steroids in the Crowings with Sexual and Non-Sexual Motivations in Female Japanese Quail, <i>Coturnix Japonica</i>

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第3期3卷 289-295页

作者： Atsuhiko Chiba Masaya fujiwara Sophia University Tokyo Japan

To examine the sex differences in the crowing behavior of the Japanese quail, we investigated the effects of sex steroids on calling behaviors using female birds, and the data were compared with those obtained in our previous study in male birds which was performed using the same experimental procedures as those in the present study. We injected the female quails daily from 11 to 41 days after hatching with testosterone propionate (TP), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT;a non-aromatizable androgen), estradiol benzoate (EB) or vehicle, and examined their calling behaviors in both sexual and non-sexual contexts. In a non-sexual context of the birds being isolated in a recording chamber, androgens, either TP or DHT, induced crowing in place of distress calling while EB simply inhibited distress calling. These effects of sex steroids on the calling behaviors were almost identical to those in the male quails. In a sexual context of the birds being left undisturbed in their home cages, crowing was induced by chronic treatment with TP, but not either DHT or EB, suggesting that both estrogenic and androgenic actions are required to induce the sexually motivated crowing. Although these results were basically the same as those in the male quails, the crowing in the female quails occurred much less frequently compared to that of the male quails. These data suggest that in the Japanese quail, crowing behavior, when it is restricted to sexually motivated one, is quantitatively different between male and female in the responsiveness to sex steroids.

关键词： Japanese Quail Crowing Distress Call Androgen Estrogen

Test Generation and Design-for-Testability Based on Acyclic Structure with Hold Registers

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湖南大学学报（自然科学版） 2000年第S2期27卷 1-10页

作者： Tomoo Inoue Debesh Kumar Das Chiiho Sano Takahiro Mihara Hideo fujiwara Faculty of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Hiroshima 731-3194 Japan Computer Science and Engineering Department Jadavpur niversity Calcutta-700 032 India Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara 630-0101 Japan Mitsubishi Electronic Control Software Corporation Kobe 652-0871Japan 不详

We present a method of test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers. A complete (100% fault efficiency) test sequence for an acyclic sequential circuit can be obtained by applying a combinational test generator to all the maximal time-expansion models (TEMs) of the circuit. We propose a class of acyclic sequential circuits for which the number of maximal TEMs is one, i.e, the maximum TEM exists. For a circuit in the class, test generation can be performed by using only the maximum TEM. The proposed class of sequential circuits with the maximum TEM properly includes several known classes of acyclic sequential circuits such as balanced structures and acyclic sequential circuits without hold registers for which test generation can be also performed by using a combinational test generator. Therefore, in general, the hardware overhead for partial scan based on the proposed structure is smaller than that based on balanced or acyclic sequential structure without hold registers.

关键词： acyclic sequential circuits combinational test generation hold registers maximum time-expansion model partial scan

Histological study of the structural layers around the esophagus in the lower mediastinum

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1331-1339页

作者： Toshifumi Saito Satoru Muro Hisashi fujiwara Yuya Umebayashi Yuya Sato Masanori Tokunaga Keiichi Akita Yusuke Kinugasa Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519TokyoJapan Department of Clinical Anatomy Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND In Japan,the transhiatal approach,including lower mediastinal lymph node dissection,is widely performed for Siewert type II esophagogastric junction *** procedure is generally performed in a magnified view using laparoscopy or a robotic system,therefore,the microanatomy of the lower mediastinum is ***,mediastinal microanatomy is still unclear and classification of lower mediastinal lymph nodes is not currently based on fascia or other microanatomical *** To clarify the fascia and layer structures of the lower mediastinum and classify the lower mediastinal *** We dissected the esophagus and surrounding organs en-bloc from seven cadavers fixed in 10%*** and tissues were then cut at the level of the lower thoracic esophagus,embedded in paraffin,and serially *** sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin(all cadavers)and immunostained for the lymphatic endothelial marker D2-40(three cadavers).We observed the periesophageal fasciae and layers,and defined lymph node boundaries based on the *** vessels around the esophagus were observed on immunostained tissue *** We identified two fasciae,A and *** then classified lower mediastinal tissue into three areas,paraesophageal,paraaortic,and intermediate,using these fasciae as *** nodes were found to be present and were counted in each *** dorsal part of the intermediate area was thicker on the caudal side than on the cranial side in all *** the dorsal side,no blood vessels penetrated the fasciae in six of the seven cadavers,whereas the proper esophageal artery penetrated fascia B in one cadaver.D2-40 immunostaining showed lymphatic vessel connections between the paraesophageal and intermediate areas on the lateral and ventral sides of the esophagus,but no lymphatic connection between areas on the dorsal side of the *** Histological studies identified two fasciae surroun

关键词： Esophagogastric junction Histology Mediastinum Adenocarcinoma Esophageal cancer Gastric cancer

Proton pump inhibitor induced collagen expression in colonocytes is associated with collagenous colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第9期23卷 1586-1593页

作者： Shiori Mori Yui Kadochi Yi Luo Rina fujiwara-Tani Yukiko Nishiguchi Shingo Kishi Kiyomu Fujii Hitoshi Ohmori Hiroki Kuniyasu Department of Molecular Pathology Nara Medical UniversityShijo-choKashihara 634-8521Japan

To elucidate the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in collagenous disease, direct effect of PPI on colonocytes was *** colitis is a common cause of non-bloody, watery diarrhea. Recently, there has been increasing focus on the use of proton PPIs as a risk factor for developing collagenous colitis. Mouse CT26 colonic cells were treated with PPI and/or PPI-induced alkaline media. Expression of fibrosis-associated genes was examined by RT-PCR. In human materials, collagen expression was examined by ***26 cells expressed a Na+-H+ exchanger gene (solute carrier family 9, member A2). Treatment with PPI and/or PPI-induced alkaline media caused growth inhibition and oxidative stress in CT26 cells. The treatment increased expression of fibrosis inducing factors, transforming growth factor β and fibroblast growth factor 2. The treatment also decreased expression of a negative regulator of collagen production, replication factor C1, resulting in increased expression of collagen types III and IV in association with lipid peroxide. In biopsy specimens from patients with collagenous colitis, type III and IV collagen were increased. Increase of type III collagen was more pronounced in PPI-associated collagenous colitis than in non-PPI-associated *** these findings, the reaction of colonocytes to PPI might participate in pathogenesis of collagenous colitis.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Collagenous colitis pH Fibrosis Oxidative stress

Comparative visual analytics for assessing medical records with sequence embedding

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Visual Informatics 2020年第2期4卷 72-85页

作者： Rongchen Guo Takanori fujiwara Yiran Li Kelly M.Lima Soman Sen Nam K.Tran Kwan-Liu Ma Department of Computer Science Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Computer Science University of CaliforniaDavisUnited States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisUnited States Department of Surgery University of CaliforniaDavisUnited States

Machine learning for data-driven diagnosis has been actively studied in medicine to provide better *** analysis of a patient cohort similar to a patient under treatment is a key task for clinicians to make decisions with high ***,such analysis is not straightforward due to the characteristics of medical records:high dimensionality,irregularity in time,and *** address this challenge,we introduce a method for similarity calculation of medical *** method employs event and sequence *** we use an autoencoder for the event embedding,we apply its variant with the self-attention mechanism for the sequence ***,in order to better handle the irregularity of data,we enhance the self-attention mechanism with consideration of different time *** have developed a visual analytics system to support comparative studies of patient *** make a comparison of sequences with different lengths easier,our system incorporates a sequence alignment *** its interactive interface,the user can quickly identify patients of interest and conveniently review both the temporal and multivariate aspects of the patient *** demonstrate the effectiveness of our design and system with case studies using a real-world dataset from the neonatal intensive care unit of UC Davis.

关键词： Electronic medical records Event sequence data Autoencoder Self-attention Sequence similarity Visual analytics

Induction of ischemic tolerance in rat liver via reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in Kupffer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第38期13卷 5071-5078页

作者： Kazuaki Tejima Masahiro Arai Hitoshi Ikeda Tomoaki Tomiya Mikio Yanase Yukiko Inoue Takako Nishikawa Naoko Watanabe Natsuko Ohtomo Masao Omata Kenji fujiwara Department of Gastroenterology University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8655 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Toshiba General Hospital 6-3-22 Higashiooi Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 140-8522 Japan Yokohama Rosai Hospital 3211 Kozukue-cho Kouhoku-ku Yokohama-shi Kanagawa 222-0036 Japan

AIM: To elucidate the mechanisms of hepatocyte preconditioning by H2O2 to better understand the pathophysiology of ischemic preconditioning. METHODS: The in vitro effect of H2O2 pretreatment was investigated in rat isolated hepatocytes subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation. Cell viability was assessed with propidium iodide fluorometry. In other experiments, rat livers were excised and subjected to warm ischemia/ reperfusion in an isolated perfused liver system to determine leakage of liver enzymes. Preconditioning was performed by H2O2 perfusion, or by stopping the perfusion for 10 min followed by 10 min of reperfusion. To inhibit Kupffer cell function or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, gadolinium chloride was injected prior to liver excision, or diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, was added to the perfusate, respectively. Histological detection of oxygen radical formation in Kupffer cells was performed by perfusion with nitro blue tetrazolium. RESULTS: Anoxia/reoxygenation decreased hepatocyte viability compared to the controls. Pretreatment with H2O2 did not improve such hepatocyte injury. In liver perfusion experiments, however, H2O2 preconditioning reduced warm ischemia/reperfusion injury, which wasreversed by inhibition of Kupffer cell function or NADPH oxidase. Histological examination revealed that H2O2 preconditioning induced oxygen radical formation in Kupffer cells. NADPH oxidase inhibition also reversed hepatoprotection by ischemic preconditioning. CONCLUSION: H2O2 preconditioning protects hepato- cytes against warm ischemia/reperfusion injury via NADPH oxidase in Kupffer cells, and not directly. NADPH oxidase also mediates hepatoprotection by ischemic preconditioning.

关键词： Diphenyieneiodonium chioride Ischemia/ reperfusion injury Ischemic preconditioning Liver transplantation Oxygen radicals

National Seismic Hazard Maps for Japan and Seismic Hazard Information Station,J-SHIS

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National Seismic Hazard Maps for Japan and Seismic Hazard In...

Effect of Approaching Contact Speed of Hand-Held Metal Piece on Characteristics of Discharge Current from Charged Human Body

中国地球物理学会第二十六届年会、中国地震学会第十三次学术大会

作者： Hiroyuki fujiwara National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention Japan 3-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305 -0006Japan

The Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion of Japan renewed the national seismic hazard maps for Japan in July 2009,which was initialized by the Earthquake Research Committee of Japan(ERCJ) on a basis of long ... 详细信息

关键词： National Seismic Hazard Maps for Japan and Seismic Hazard Information Station,J-SHIS

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Effect of Approaching Contact Speed of Hand-Held Metal Piece...

A STUDY OF VEGETATION INVADED BY *** AND ITS ECOLOGICAL FEATURES

作者： Osamu fujiwara Graduate School Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-choShowa-kuNagoya466-8555Japan.

Characteristic measurements of contact discharge currents were made through a hand- held metal piece from a charged *** of approaching contact speeds on discharge current parameters,such as current peaks,peak current derivatives and spark length,were statisti- cally examined with respect to correlation coefficients for various charge voltages.

关键词： electrostatic discharge hand-held metal piece discharge current contact approach speed statistical correlation

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A STUDY OF VEGETATION INVADED BY *** AND ITS ECOLOGICAL FEAT...