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Stress Coping and Issues among Evacuees Four Years after the Nuclear Disaster in Fukushima: An Interview Study

Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第3期8卷 210-220页

作者： toshiko tomisawa Yuki Kimura Maiko Kitajima Kasumi Mikami Department of Nursing Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Tokai University Medical Hospital Kanagawa Japan

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to clarify issues related to the evacuation process, including stress coping, psychological conditions, and health problems, through interviews with long-term evacuees 4 years after the Great East Japan earthquake and nuclear disaster. Methods: Group interviews focusing on stress and health conditions were conducted with eight older adults at a meeting space in Y city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in May 2015. Two months later, based on the results of the first group interview, four (two men, two women, age range, 60 - 70 years) of those eight individuals participated in 60-min individual semi-structured interviews and were assessed according to the Tri-axial Coping Scale revised for the elderly. The interviewees were asked about their anxiety and hardships, escape routes, and other points of importance. Results: Stress coping scores were higher for males than for females, especially that for “Catharsis”. The “Giving up” score was higher among these participants than the general population. In the interviews, the participants described how evacuees from “Q” area were experiencing high levels of stress because of problems communicating with their neighborhoods and receiving compensation from the government and Tokyo Electric Power Company. Conclusion: Evacuees experienced hardships immediately after the earthquake, including issues related to compensation from the government and communication with their neighborhoods. Men showed higher scores for “Avoidance-like thinking” and “Giving up” than for other factors related to stress coping, suggesting that they might not use “Catharsis” as a means of coping with stress. The results also suggested that men experienced repeatedly that alone, they made little headway or could not do something. The present study suggests the importance of providing support to long-term evacuees so that original residents can better understand their situation.

关键词： Stress Coping Nuclear Disaster Earthquake Evacuation

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Single Oral Administration of Anthocyanin Rescues Smoking-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Smokers but Facilitates Oxidative Stress in Non-Smokers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第3期9卷 179-190页

作者： Akane Yoshizaki toshiko tomisawa Tomohiro Osanai Naoki Nanashima Maiko Kitajima Kasumi Mikami Toshifumi Fujita Hayato Maeda Yoji Kato Hirosaki University Medical Hospital Hirosaki Japan Department of Nursing Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Department of Biomedical Sciences Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Department of Disability and Health Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Faculty of Education Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan

Objectives: Smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, but it still remains unclear whether oral administration of anthocyanin brings benefits to endothelial function and redox states in young healthy smokers. We tested the hypothesis that supplement anthocyanin may rescue endothelial dysfunction and redox states in young healthy smokers. Methods: Young healthy male non-smoker (n = 8) and smokers (n = 14) were enrolled to measure the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before and 2 hours after one cigarette smoking or resting under administration of blackcurrant supplements (anthocyanins 210 mg) or not. Results: FMD, d-ROMs, and BAP at baseline were similar between non-smokers and smokers. One cigarette smoking induced a decrease in FMD at 2 hours (9.0% ± 2.6% vs 7.5% ± 2.3%, p Conclusions: Single oral administration of anthocyanin rescued smoking-induced endothelial dysfunction in young healthy smokers, but facilitated oxidative stress in non-smokers. When anthocyanin is taken as supplements, it seems important to pay attention to the dose and timing of administration.

关键词： Blackcurrant Anthocyanin Young Health Smoker Oxidative Stress Antioxidants

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Salivary Biomarkers May Be Useful to Assess Stress State in Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第5期2卷 576-581页

作者： Maiko Kitajima Yuka Noto Umi Kudo Mayumi Urushizaka toshiko tomisawa Chieko Itaki Kumiko Kawasaki Hideaki Yamabe Akihito Hayashi Shingo Takanashi 不详

Objective: As it is important for medical staff to understand the stress state of patients with cancer, this study investigated the stress state in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy using salivary biomarkers and questionnaires. Materials and Methods: The subjects included 19 men and 9 women, with a mean age of 66.1 ± 7.1 years who received chemotherapy for lung cancer. Salivary samples of the participants were collected before and the 7 day after chemotherapy. Simultaneously, they completed the POMS (profile of mood states) and QOL (quality of life) questionnaires. The salivary cortisol and secretory IgA as stress markers were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results: The salivary secretory IgA level was significantly higher at the 7th day after chemotherapy than before chemotherapy (p < 0.05), although the salivary cortisol level did not change. The tension-anxiety score, which is one of POMS subclasses, and total mood disturbance score were lower at day 7 of chemotherapy than before chemotherapy (p < 0.05), although no correlations were observed between POMS scores and salivary markers. However, a negative correlation was observed between the salivary cortisol level and the QOL full score (r= -0.411, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Measurement of salivary stress markers is noninvasive and may be useful for assessing the stress state of the patients.

关键词： Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Secretory-IgA Saliva Stress Marker

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Factors Influencing Behavior of Taking Medicine in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2012年第3期2卷 38-43页

作者： Kumiko Ozawa Setsuko Niki Seiko Yamanouchi Hideaki Yamabe toshiko tomisawa Maiko Kitajima Mayumi Urushizaka Kumiko Kawasaki Chieko Itaki Yuka Noto Morito Endo Faculty of Human Health Science Hachinohe University Hachinohe Japan Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan School of Nursing Hachinohe Junior College Hachinohe Japan

Purpose: The elderly are often faced with multiple diseases, in particular hemodialysis (HD) which requires many kinds of medication. This study examined the factors influencing the behavior of taking medicine in elderly patients undergoing HD. Subjects and Methods: The subjects comprised 70 outpatients > 65 years undergoing HD (48 male and 22 female). The mean age of the patients was 72.5 ± 4.4 years. The mean duration of dialysis history was 6.1 ± 5.2 years. We performed a questionnaire survey using Medication Assessment Tool, The Kidney Disease Quality of Life (QOL)-Short Form and Acceptance for Dialysis Instrument. Result: Two factors related to poor behavior of taking medicine: dialysis history < 2 years and poor acceptance of dialysis. The multiple regression analysis showed patient satisfaction (β = –0.329, p < 0.01) and symptoms/problems (β = –0.273, p<0.05) as significant independent variables relating to behavior of taking medicine. Conclusion: Poor behavior of taking medicine is related to a short dialysis period, poor acceptance and poor satisfaction of dialysis therapy in elderly patients.

关键词： Behavior of Taking Medicine Hemodialysis Adherence Elderly Patient

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Stress Assessment by Salivary Biomarkers in Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第2期3卷 127-131页

作者： Maiko Kitajima Yuka Noto Umi Kudo Mayumi Urushizaka toshiko tomisawa Chieko Itaki Kumiko Kawasaki Hideaki Yamabe Akihito Hayashi Shingo Takanashi Department of Respiratory Medicine Hirosaki University Hospital Hirosaki Japan. Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan

Background: It is important for medical staffs to understand the state of stress of patients with cancer. The authors investigated stress assessment in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and Method: Salivary cortisol and α-amylase were measured as stress markers before and after chemotherapy in 10 patients. Emotional status was assessed using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire, and Quality of Life (QOL) was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) questionnaire. Results: No significant differences were found between the before and after chemotherapy in salivary levels of cortisol or α-amylase, the POMS and QOL scores. The salivary cortisol levels correlated with the POMS subscales of anger-hostility, and confusion. A negative correlation was observed between the salivary cortisol level and the QOL full score. The FACT-L full score correlated with the POMS subscales of depression-dejection, fatigue, and confusion. Conclusions: Measurements of salivary stress markers are noninvasive and may be useful for assessing the stress state of the

关键词： Stress Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Cortisol QOL

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2014年第1期4卷 67-71页

作者： Kumiko Ozawa toshiko tomisawa Sakiko Sakuraba Mayumi Urushizaka Maiko Kitajima Chieko Itaki Yuka Noto Kumiko Kawasaki Hideaki Yamabe Kyoko Tagami Aichi Prefectural University Aichi Japan Department of Nursing Hachinohe Gakuin Junior College Hachinohe Japan Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Hirosaki University Hospital Hirosaki Japan

Purpose: To identify factors related to changes in foot status and foot care in patients with diabetes mellitus participating in an exercise program. Methods: The subjects were 21 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (8 males, 13 females). The mean age of the patients was 62.3 ± 12.5 years old. Foot status, physical measurements and daily activities were monitored and several surveys were performed. Results: Changes in foot status were significantly positively correlated with walking at normal speed (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) and fast speed (r = 0.68, p p < 0.05). Foot care showed a significant negative correlation with burden of diet therapy (r = -0.48, p < 0.05) and a significant positive correlation with the self-efficacy of diet therapy (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Subjects who were fast walkers showed greater changes in foot status. Poor foot care behavior is also related to greater changes in foot status. Regular interventions for foot care are important to improve self-care behavior during an exercise program.

关键词： Change in Foot Status Foot Care Diabetes Mellitus Exercise

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Verification of Seismic Performance of Pile Foundation in Composite Ground through Experimental and Numerical Methods

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第6期7卷 656-669页

作者： tomisawa Koichi Miura Seiichi Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region Hokkaido 062-8602 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan

A new construction method of pile foundation in composite ground, in which, prior to installing piles, the ground is improved around the heads of the piles in soft ground or ground subject to liquefaction, which is introduced in this paper. This construction method uses a combination of pile foundation construction together with common ground improvement methods, including deep mixing, preloading and sand compaction piling, and it is referred to as the composite ground pile method. Since an artificial ground with relatively high rigidity comparing with that of the original ground was formed around the pile in this method, and the seismic performance has not been made clear, thus the seismic performance of piles in composite ground was systematically analyzed through a series of centrifuge model tests and numerical analyses by using dynamic nonlinear finite element method, and a verification method for the seismic performance of piles in composite ground was proposed on the basis of the experimental and numerical results.

关键词： Pile foundation composite ground centrifuge model test dynamic nonlinear finite element method.

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Selective decrease in colonic CD56^+ T and CD161^+ T cells in the inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第45期13卷 5995-6002页

作者： Masaru Shimamoto Yoshitaka Ueno Shinji Tanaka toshiko Onitake Rie Hanaoka Kyoko Yoshioka Tsuyoshi Hatakeyama Kazuaki Chayama Department of Medicine and Molecular Science Hiroshima University Hiroshima 734-8551Japan Department of Endoscopy Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan

AIM： To investigate the role of local colonic mucosal NK receptor-positive T （NKR＋ T） cells in the regulation of intestinal inflammation, we analyzed the population and function of these cells in ulcerative colitis （UC）. METHODS： Colonic mucosal tissues were obtained from colonoscopic biopsies of the descending colon from 96 patients with UC （51 endoscopically uninflamed, 45 inflamed） and 18 normal controls. Endoscopic appearance and histologic score at the biopsied site were determined by MaLts＇ classification. A single cell suspension was prepared from each biopsy by collagenase digestion. Two NKR^＋ T cell subsets, CD56^＋（CD56^＋CD3^＋） T cells and CD161＋（CD161^＋CD3^＋） T cells, were detected by flow cytometric analysis. Intracellular cytokine analysis for anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 （IL-10） was performed by in vitro stimulation with phorbol-myristateacetate （PMA） and ionomycin. RESULTS： CD56^＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells are present in the normal human colon and account for 6.7% and 21.3% of all mononuclear cells, respectively. The populations of both CD56＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells were decreased significantly in the inflamed mucosa of UC. In contrast, the frequency of conventional T cells （CD56 CD3^＋ cells and CD161CD3^＋ cells） was similar among the patient and control groups. The populations of NKR^＋ T cells were correlated inversely with the severity of inflammation, which was classified according to the endoscopic and histologic Marts＇ criteria. Interestingly, approximately 4% of mucosal NKR＋ T cells expressing IL-10 were detected by in vitro stimulation with PMA and ***： Selective reduction in the population of colonic mucosal NKR＋T cells may contribute to the development of intestinal inflammation in UC.

关键词： Natural killer T cells Ulcerative colitis Interleukin-10

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微型金属注射成形制品质量的改善

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粉末冶金技术 2005年第2期23卷 91-94页

作者： toshiko Osada Shigeo Tanaka 永佳 Taisei-Kogyo Co. Ltd.Osaka 572-0073Japan

本研究的目的是改善微型金属注射成形(μMIM)制品的质量。为此,研究着重于混练与注射成形的工艺。采用不同容量的三种型号混练机和二种型号注射机以制备混练料粒和微型哑铃形试样。测定了混练料粒的烧结密度和重量损失,也考虑了微型哑... 详细信息

本研究的目的是改善微型金属注射成形(μMIM)制品的质量。为此,研究着重于混练与注射成形的工艺。采用不同容量的三种型号混练机和二种型号注射机以制备混练料粒和微型哑铃形试样。测定了混练料粒的烧结密度和重量损失,也考虑了微型哑铃试样的烧结密度与强度。计算了每项性能的变动系数(CV)值,并讨论了均匀性。结果表明,较小的混炼机和注射机制造的试样,重量损失、烧结密度和强度的变化程度较小。

关键词：金属注射成形微型制品质量烧结密度重量损失变动系数注射机试样均匀性混炼机哑铃型号强度

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Decreased phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells in a rat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第39期14卷 6036-6043页

作者： Tatsuhiro Tsujimoto Hideto Kawaratani Toshiyuki Kitazawa toshiko Hirai Hajime Ohishi Mitsuteru Kitade Hitoshi Yoshiji Masahito Uemura Hiroshi Fukui Third Department of Internal Medicine Nara Medical University840 Shijo-choKashiharaNara 634-8522Japan Department of Endoscopy and Ultrasound Nara Medical University840 Shijo-choKashiharaNara 634-8522Japan

AIM: To investigate Kupffer cell dynamics and phagocytic activity,using a rat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model. METHODS: Male F344 rats were fed either a control diet or a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet,followed by contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using Levovist. The uptake of latex beads by the Kupffer cells was determined by fluorescent microscopy. The status of the Kupffer cells was compared between the two groups,using the immunohistochemical staining technique. RESULTS: After 4 or more wk of the CDAA diet,CEUS examination revealed a decrease in the signal intensity,20 min after intravenous Levovist. Fluorescent microscopic examination showed that the uptake of latex beads by the Kupffer cells was reduced at week 1 and 2 in the study group,compared with the controls,with no further reduction after 3 wk. Immunohistochemical staining revealed no significant difference in the Kupffer cell counts between the control group and the CDAA group. CONCLUSION: CEUS examination using Levovist demonstrated reduced contrast effect and phagocytic activity in the liver parenchymal phase,although the Kupffer cell numbers were unchanged,indicating reduced phagocytic function of the Kupffer cells in the rat NASH model. We believe that CEUS examination using Levovist is a useful screening modality,which can detect NASH in fatty liver patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Kupffer cells Contrast enhanced ultrasonography Levovist Ultrasound contrast agent Phagocytic activity

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