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The Metabolic Response of Arabidopsis Roots to Oxidative Stress is Distinct from that of Heterotrophic Cells in Culture and Highlights a Complex Relationship between the Levels of Transcripts, Metabolites, and Flux

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 390-406页

作者： Martin Lehmann Markus Schwarzlander toshihiro obata Supaart Sirikantaramas Meike Burow Carl Erik Olsen Takayuki Tohge Mark D. Fricker Birger Lindberg Moiler Alisdair R. Fernie Lee J. Sweetlove Miriam Laxa Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Am M0hlenberg 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of Plant Sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3RB UK Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology and VKR Research Centre for Pro-Active Plants University of Copenhagen 40 Thorvaldsensvei DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark

Metabolic adjustments are a significant, but poorly understood, part of the response of plants to oxidative stress. In a previous study （Baxter et al., 2007）, the metabolic response of Arabidopsis cells in culture to induction of oxidative stress by menadione was characterized. An emergency survival strategy was uncovered in which anabolic primary metabolism was largely down-regulated in favour of catabolic and antioxidant metabolism. The response in whole plant tissues may be different and we have therefore investigated the response of Arabidopsis roots to menadione treatment, analyzing the transcriptome, metabolome and key metabolic fluxes with focus on primary as well as secondary metabolism. Using a redox-sensitive GFP, it was also shown that menadione causes redox perturbation, not just in the mitochondrion, but also in the cytosol and plastids of roots. In the first 30 min of treatment, the response was similar to the cell culture： there was a decrease in metabolites of the TCA cycle and amino acid biosynthesis and the transcriptomic response was dominated by up-regulation of DNA regulatory proteins. After 2 and 6 h of treatment, the response of the roots was different to the cell culture. Metabolite levels did not remain depressed, but instead recovered and, in the case of pyruvate, some amino acids and aliphatic glucosinolates showed a steady increase above control levels. However, no major changes in fluxes of central carbon metabolism were observed and metabolic transcripts changed largely independently of the corresponding metabolites. Together, the results suggest that root tissues can recover metabolic activity after oxidative inhibition and highlight potentially important roles for glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway.

关键词： Carbon metabolism oxidative and photo oxidative stress secondary metabolism phenylpropanoids and phenolics root biology Arabidopsis.

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Texture and color enhancement imaging in magnifying endoscopic evaluation of colorectal adenomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第2期14卷 96-105页

作者： Osamu Toyoshima toshihiro Nishizawa Shuntaro Yoshida Tomoharu Yamada Nariaki Odawara Tatsuya Matsuno Miho obata Ken Kurokawa Chie Uekura Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Gastroenterology Toyoshima Endoscopy ClinicTokyo 157-0066Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology International University of Health and WelfareNarita HospitalNarita 286-8520ChibaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan

BACKGROUND Olympus Corporation has developed texture and color enhancement imaging(TXI)as a novel image-enhancing endoscopic *** To investigate the effectiveness of TXI in identifying colorectal adenomas using magnifying *** Colorectal adenomas were observed by magnified endoscopy using white light imaging(WLI),TXI,narrow band imaging(NBI),and chromoendoscopy(CE).This study adopted mode 1 of *** were confirmed by histological *** visibility was compared with the visibility of WLI,NBI,and CE for tumor margin,and vessel and surface patterns of the Japan NBI expert team(JNET)*** expert endoscopists and three non-expert endoscopists evaluated the visibility scores,which were classified as 1,2,3,and *** Sixty-one consecutive adenomas were *** visibility score for tumor margin of TXI(3.47±0.79)was significantly higher than that of WLI(2.86±1.02,P<0.001),but lower than that of NBI(3.76±0.52,P<0.001),regardless of the endoscopist’s ***(3.05±0.79)had a higher visibility score for the vessel pattern of JNET classification than WLI(2.17±0.90,P<0.001)and CE(2.47±0.87,P<0.001),but lower visibility score than NBI(3.79±0.47,P<0.001),regardless of the experience of *** the visibility score for the surface pattern of JNET classification,TXI(2.89±0.85)was superior to WLI(1.95±0.79,P<0.01)and CE(2.75±0.90,P=0.002),but inferior to NBI(3.67±0.55,P<0.001).CONCLUSION TXI provided higher visibility than WLI,lower than NBI,and comparable to or higher than CE in the magnified observation of colorectal adenomas.

关键词： Texture and color enhancement imaging Adenoma Colonoscopy Narrow band imaging Japan NBI Expert Team Olympus

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