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Changes in various metabolic parameters in blood and milk during experimental Escherichia coli mastitis for primiparous Holstein dairy cows during early lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 37-46页

作者： Kasey M Moyes torben larsen Peter S?rensen Klaus L Ingvartsen Department of Animal and Avian Sciences University of Maryland142 Animal Sciences BuildingMD 20742-231120910 College ParkMDUSA Department of Animal Science Faculty of Science and TechnologyAarhus University

Background： The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in various metabolic parameters in blood and milk during IMI challenge with Escherichia coli （E. coh. for dairy cows during early lactation. Thirty, healthy primiparous Holstein cows were infused （h = 0） with -20-40 cfu of live E. coil into one front mammary quarter at -4-6 wk in lactation. Daily feed intake and milk yield were recorded. At -12, 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, 180 and 192 h relative to challenge rectal temperatures were recorded and quarter foremilk was collected for analysis of shedding of E. coil Composite milk samples were collected at -180, -132, -84, -36, -12, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 132 and 180 h relative to challenge （h=0） and analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, somatic cell count, fat, protein, lactose, citrate, beta-hydroxybutyrate （BHBA）, free glucose （fglu）, and glucose-6-phosphate （G6P）. Blood was collected at -12, 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 60, 72, 84, 132 and 180 h relative to challenge and analyzed for plasma non-esterified fatty acids （NEFA）, BHBA and glucose concentration. A generalized linear mixed model was used to determine the effect of IMI challenge on metabolic responses of cows during early lactation. Results： By 12 h, E. coli was recovered from challenged quarters and shedding continued through 72 h. Rectal temperature peaked by 12 h post-challenge and returned to pre-challenge values by 36 h post-IMI challenge. Daily feed intake and milk yield decreased （P 〈0.05） by 1 and 2 d, respectively, after mastitis challenge. Plasma BHBA decreased （12 h, P 〈0.05） from 0.96± 1.1 at 0 h to 0.57±0.64 mmol/L by ]8 h whereas concentration of plasma NEFA （78 h） and glucose （24 h） were significantly greater, 11 and 27%, respectively, after challenge. In milk fglu, lactose, citrate, fat and protein yield were lower whereas yield of BHBA and G6P were higher after challenge when compared to pre-challenge values. Conclusions： Changes in metabolites in blood and milk were

关键词： Cow Early lactation Escherichia coli Metabolism

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LiMo 2040 Sustainable urban Living and Mobility Concept-Elevator System

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第1期18卷 1-5页

作者： Hugo Gabele torben Ossendorf Esslingen University of Applied Sciences Faculty Mobility and Technology73728 EsslingenGermany Esslingen University of Applied Sciences Automotive Engineering(B.Eng.)73728 EsslingenGermany

How can individual mobility in urban areas be maintained alongside scooters and cargo bikes if conventional vehicles are foreseeably no longer allowed to enter city centers?And how can urban living be combined with individual mobility in a sustainable and socially acceptable way?LiMo-2040 attempts to provide answers to these questions.It follows a holistic approach according to the criteria:As light,as compact and as simple(cost-effective)as possible.Modular e-vehicle concepts(consisting of vehicle cabin and chassis)are known,but have not yet been thought through to their logical conclusion.The LiMo cabin is not only a vehicle cabin,but also a component of a modern high-rise apartment.It therefore requires no parking space and combines urban living and individual mobility sustainably and cost-effectively.If a vehicle is needed,an app can be used to book a chassis that comes along autonomously and waits until the cabin,including its occupants,travels down a sophisticated rail system,docks and autonomously heads for the desired destination.

关键词： Modular urban mobility sustainability elevator autonomous

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A novel homozygous missense variant in ARSK causes MPS X,a new subtype of mucopolysaccharidosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 87-90页

作者： Miao Sun Cornelia K.Kaminsky Philip Deppe Mai-Brittllse Frederic M.Vaz Barbara Plecko torben Lubke Linda M.Randolph Division of Genomic Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Chemistry BiochemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33615Germany Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam Department of Clinical Chemistry and PediatricsLaboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesEmma Children's HospitalMeibergdreef 9Amsterdam 1100 DEthe Netherlands Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Inborn Errors of MetabolismAmsterdam 1105 BKthe Netherlands Core Facility Metabolomics Amsterdam UMC Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1100DDthe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Division of General PediatricsMedical Universityof GrazGraz8036Austria Division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA

Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism caused by defective lysosomal enzymes which prevent cells from degrading and recycling certain carbohydrates and fats,resulting in the storage of glycosaminoglycans in cells throughout the body.This leads to multisystem abnormalities involving bone,connective tissues,brain,blood,spinal cord,skin,and other tissues.

关键词： metabolism doses polys

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Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll David I.Forrester Hans Pretzsch Miren del Río Kamil Bielak Bogdan Brzeziecki Franz Binder torben Hilmers Zuzana Sitková Roberto Tognetti Aitor Ameztegui Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering(DCEFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swiss Federal Institute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSIRO Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain IuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavarian State Institute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany National Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Agricultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic gradient.Methods: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to climate.Likelihood methods and information theory were used to select the best model.Results: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species? response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their maximum.Conclusions: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of the target tree to competition. The modelling appr

关键词： Competition coefficient Competition reduction Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Mixing effects Mixed species forest Neighbourhood models Plant-plant interactions

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Magnesium borohydride Mg(BH_(4))_(2) for energy applications:A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第30期161卷 170-179页

作者： Xiao Li Yigang Yan torben R.Jensen Yaroslav Filinchuk Iurii Dovgaliuk Dmitry Chernyshov Liqing He Yongtao Li Hai-Wen Li Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Hefei 230031China Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610207China Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center Aarhus UniversityLangelandsgade 140Aarhus C 8000Denmark Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UniversitéCatholique de LouvainPlace L.Pasteur 1B-1348Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris UMR 8004 CNRSEcole Normale SupérieureEcole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de ParisPSL UniversitéParis 75005France Swiss-Norwegian Beamlines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71 Avenue des MartyrsGrenoble 38000France School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002China

Mg(BH_(4))_(2) with several polymorphs,known as a high capacity(14.9 wt.%)hydrogen storage material,has become more intriguing due to the recently found new functions of gas physisorption and ionic conduc-tivity.Here we review the state-of-the-art on the energy related functions of Mg(BH_(4))_(2).Mg(BH_(4))_(2) tends to form the stable intermediate[B_(12)H_(12)]^(2−) when the dehydrogenation temperature is above 400℃,the strong B-B bonding of which makes the rehydrogenation condition very harsh.In contrast,lower borane intermediate[B_(3)H_(8)]2−facilitates the rehydrogenation even at a mild condition of 100℃,suggesting the possibility of reversible hydrogen storage in Mg(BH_(4))_(2).The porous polymorphγ-Mg(BH_(4))_(2) shows attrac-tive gas adsorption properties in view of its unique hydridic surface and pore shape,and potentially can be applied in hydrogen adsorption and Kr/Xe selectivity.A new diffraction-based adsorption methodology was developed to characterize adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics ofγ-Mg(BH_(4))_(2),providing a novel idea for the characterization of crystalline porous materials.Moreover,the potential of Mg(BH_(4))_(2) as an electrolyte is discussed in the last part.Mg(BH_(4))_(2)·THF/DME acts as a liquid electrolyte in Mg-batteries,while anion substituted or neutral molecule derivatives of Mg(BH_(4))_(2) can act as solid-state electrolyte.

关键词： Hydride Hydrogen storage Gas adsorption Hydrogen adsorption Electrolyte

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Origin of non-uniform plasticity in a high-strength Al-Mn-Sc based alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第8期103卷 121-133页

作者： Dina Bayoumy Kwangsik Kwak torben Boll Stefan Dietrich Daniel Schliephake Jie Huang Junlan Yi Kazuki Takashima Xinhua Wu Yuman Zhu Aijun Huang Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing 15-17 Normanby RdNotting HillVIC 3168Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility(KNMF) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Institute for Applied Materials(IAM-WK) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engelbert-Arnold-Straße 476131 KarlsruheGermany Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Institute Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201324China

The Al-Mn-Sc-based alloys specific for additive manufacturing(AM)have been recently developed and can reach ultrahigh strength and adequate elongation.However,these alloys commonly exhibit nonuniform plasticity during tensile deformation,which is a critical issue hindering their wider application.In this work,the origin of this non-uniform plasticity of the alloys produced by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)has been systematically investigated for the first time.The results show that the loss of uniform plasticity in the alloy originates from microstructural regions containing equiaxed fine-grains(FGs)(~650nm in size)at the bottom of the melt pools.In micro-tensile tests,the strength of these FG regions can reach a peak of~630 MPa.After this,an apparent yield drop occurs,followed by rapid strain softening.This FG behavior is associated with intermetallic particles along grain boundaries and a lack of uniform mobile dislocations during deformation.The columnar coarse-grain(CG)regions in the remaining melt pools show uniform plasticity and moderate work hardening.Furthermore,the quantitative calculations indicate that the solid solution strengthening in these two regions is similar.Nevertheless,secondary Al_(3)Sc precipitates contribute to~260 MPa strength in the FG,compared to 310 MPa in the CG due to their different number density.In addition,grain boundary strengthening can reach 230 MPa in the FG region;nearly double the CG region value.

关键词： Aluminium alloy Laser powder bed fusion Crystal plasticity Microstructures Strengthening

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MicroRNA-126 and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 predict recurrence in patients with colon cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 885-896页

作者： torben Frøstrup Hansen Anting Liu Carlsen Julia Tanas Tanassi Ole larsen Flemming Brandt Sørensen Lars Henrik Jensen Anders Jakobsen Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South Vejle HospitalInstitute of Regional Health ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkVejle 7100Denmark Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagen 2300Denmark Department of Congenital Disorders Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagen 2300Denmark Department of Oncology Herlev HospitalHerlev 2730Denmark University Institute of Pathology Aarhus University Hospitaland department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of AarhusAarhus 8200Denmark

Aim:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may represent a shift in the treatment of locally advanced colon cancer.The angiogenic couple has-microRNA-126(miRNA-126)and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7(EGFL7)are transcribed from the same gene and regulates all aspects of angiogenesis and may influence the ability of tumor cells to disseminate.The aim was to analyze the relationship between miRNA-126 and EGFL7 and disease recurrence in patients with locally advanced colon cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:This study included 71 patients from a phase II study all planned for three cycles of capecitabine and oxaliplatin before surgery.Blood was sampled at baseline and right before and after the operation.Circulating miRNA-126 was analysed by RT-qPCR and a quantitative immunoassay was used for the analyses of EGFL7.Results:The rates of 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)were 80%and 85%,respectively.The level of circulating miRNA-126 before the operation predicts recurrence,P=0.035.In patients with values below and above the median the recurrence rate was 31%and 4%,respectively.Similar results applied to EGFL7.A combined estimate identified a subgroup of patients(25 of 71)with no recurrence and a 5-year DFS and OS rate of 100%,respectively.Conclusion:MicroRNA-126 and EGFL7 are predictors for disease recurrence in patients with locally advanced colon cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and may assist in selection of adjuvant chemotherapy.

关键词： Chemotherapy colon cancer epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 microRNA-126

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Handling iron in restorative neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1558-1559页

作者： Lisa Junl Routhe torben Moos Laboratory of Neurobiology Biomedicine Group Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University

The transition metal iron exerts essential roles in the central nervous system（CNS）for oxygen transport,myelin formation,and synthesis of neurotransmitters.Being redox active,iron switches between ferrous and ferric states.Switching between oxygen states also makes iron an important inducer of reactive oxygen species through the Fenton and Haber-Weiss reactions.

关键词： Handling iron in restorative neuroscience

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Military trainees can accurately measure optic nerve sheath diameter after a brief training session

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Military Medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 183-188页

作者： Joseph Betcher torben KBecker Peter Stoyanoff Jim Cranford Nik Theyyunni Department of Emergency Medicine Mercy Health Muskegon1500ESherman BlvdMuskegonMI49444USA Department of CriticalCare Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center200LothropStPittsburghPA15213USA Department of Emergency Medicine Hurley Hospital1Hurley PlazaFlintMI48503USA Department ofPsychiatry University of Michigan1500E Medical CenterAnn ArborMI48109USA Department of Emergency Medicine University ofMichigan1500E Medical CenterAnn ArborMI48109USA.

Background: Identification of elevated intracranial pressure is important following traumatic brain injury. We assessed the feasibility of educating military trainees on accurately obtaining optic nerve sheath diameter measurements using a brief didactic and hands-on training session. Optic nerve sheath diameter is a noninvasive surrogate marker for elevated intracranial pressure, and may be of value in remote military operations, where rapid triage decisions must be made without access to advanced medical equipment.Methods: Military trainees with minimal ultrasound experience were given a 5-min didactic presentation on optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound. Trainees practiced optic nerve sheath diameter measurements guided by emergency physician ultrasound experts. Trainees then measured the optic nerve sheath diameter on normal volunteers. Following this, a trained physician measured the optic nerve sheath diameter on the same volunteer as a criterion standard. An average of three measurements was taken.Results: Twenty-three military trainees were enrolled. A mixed design ANOVA was used to compare measurements by trainees to those of physicians, with a mean difference of –0.6 mm(P=0.76). A Bland-Altman analysis showed that the degree of bias in optic nerve sheath diameter measures provided by trainees was very small: d=–0.004 for the right eye and d=–0.007 for the left eye.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that optic nerve sheath diameter measurement can be accurately performed by novice ultrasonographers after a brief training session. If validated, point-of-care optic nerve sheath diameter measurement could impact the triage of injured patients in remote areas.

关键词： Ultrasound Military Optic nerve sheath diameter Intracranial pressure Education

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Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Oxide and Chalcogenide-Based Photocatalysts

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第2期10卷 40-66页

作者： Farjana Haque torben Daeneke Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh Jian Zhen Ou School of Engineering RMIT University

Two-dimensional(2D) transition metal oxide and chalcogenide(TMO&C)-based photocatalysts have recently attracted significant attention for addressing the current worldwide challenges of energy shortage and environmental pollution. The ultrahigh surface area and unconventional physiochemical, electronic and optical properties of 2D TMO&Cs have been demonstrated to facilitate photocatalytic applications. This review provides a concise overview of properties, synthesis methods and applications of 2D TMO&C-based photocatalysts. Particular attention is paid on the emerging strategies to improve the abilities of light harvesting and photoinduced charge separation for enhancing photocatalytic performances,which include elemental doping, surface functionalization as well as heterojunctions with semiconducting and conductive materials. The future opportunities regarding the research pathways of 2D TMO&C-based photocatalysts are also presented.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Pollutant degradation Water splitting Layered material Solar Carbon reduction

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