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厚靶D(d,n)~3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布(英文)

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计算物理 2008年第6期25卷 744-748页

作者：姚泽恩杜洪新谭新建张宇 tooru kobayashi Gerard Bengua 兰州大学核科学与技术学院甘肃兰州730000 日本京都大学反应堆研究所大阪590-0494

给出一种计算氘钛厚靶D(d,n)3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布的方法,并发展了一个计算机模拟程序,程序能够计算氘束流能量小于1.0 MeV的中子源的产额、能谱和角分布.计算时使用推荐的D(d,n)3He反应截面数据和来自SRIM-2003程... 详细信息

给出一种计算氘钛厚靶D(d,n)3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布的方法,并发展了一个计算机模拟程序,程序能够计算氘束流能量小于1.0 MeV的中子源的产额、能谱和角分布.计算时使用推荐的D(d,n)3He反应截面数据和来自SRIM-2003程序的氘在氘钛靶中的阻止本领数据.给出一些典型计算结果,包括中子积分产额、中子能谱和角分布.

关键词： D(d,n)^3He反应 TiDx厚靶中子产额中子能谱中子角分布

Mechanism of T cell hyporesponsiveness to HBcAg is associated with regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4310-4317页

作者： Yasuteru Kondo Koju kobayashi Yoshiyuki Ueno Masaaki Shiina Hirofumi Niitsuma Noriatsu Kanno Tomoo kobayashi tooru Shimosegawa Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 1-1 Seiryo-machiAoba-kuSendai 980-8574Japan Tohoku University School of Health Sciences 2-1 Seiryo-machiAoba-kuSendai 980-8575Japan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai Medical Center2-8-8 MiyaginoMiyagino-kuSendai 983-0045Japan Department of Internal Medicine Furukawa City HospitalSenjujimae-machiFurukawa 919-6183Japan

AIM： To study the mechanisms of hyporesponsiveness of HBV-specific CD4^＋ T cells by testing TH1 and TH2 commitment and regulatory T cells. METHODS： Nine patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with HBcAg or HBsAg to evaluate their potential to commit to TH1 and TH2 differentiation. HBcAg-specific activity of regulatory T cells was evaluated by staining with antibodies to CD4, CD25, CTLA-4 and interleukin-10. The role of regulatory T cells was further assessed by treatment with anti-interleukin-10 antibody and depletion of CD4^＋CD25^＋ cells. RESULTS： Level of mRNAs for T-bet, IL-12R β2 and IL-4 was significantly lower in the patients than in healthy subjects with HBcAg stimulation. Although populations of CD4^＋CD25^highCTLA-4^＋ T cells were not different between the patients and healthy subjects, IL-10 secreting cells were found in CD4^＋ cells and CD4^＋CD25^＋ cells in the patients in response to HBcAg, and they were not found in cells which were stimulated with HBsAg. Addition of anti-IL-10 antibody recovered the amount of HBcAgspecific TH1 antibody compared with control antibody （P 〈 0.01, 0.34% ± 0.12% vs 0.15% ± 0.04%）. Deletion of CD4^＋CD25^＋ T cells increased the amount of HBcAgspecific TH1 antibody when compared with lymphoo/tes reconstituted using regulatory T cells （P 〈 0.01, 0.03% ± 0.02% vs 0.18% ± 0.05%）.CONCLUSION： The results indicate that the mechanism of T cell hyporesponsiveness to HBcAg includes activation of HBcAg-induced regulatory T cells in contrast to an increase in TH2-committed cells in response to HBsAg.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Regulatory T cells IL-10 FOXP3 TH1

Brain activity following esophageal acid infusion using positron emission tomography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5481-5489页

作者： Shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Manabu Tashiro Tomoyuki Koike Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Shuichi Ohara Satoshi Watanabe Shin Fukudo tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University Division of Behavioral Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate symptoms and brain activity following esophageal acid infusion. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1 and 2) and distilled water (pH 7) were randomly and repeatedly infused into the esophagus. The brain activity was evaluated by positron emission tomography. The severity of heartburn elicited by the infusion was rated on an auditory analog scale of ***: The severity of heartburn following each infusion showed a step-wise increase with increasing acidity of the perfusate. The heartburn scores were significantly higher in the second pH 1 infusion compared with the first infusion. Acid and distilled water infusion induced activation of various brain areas such as the anterior insula, temporal gyrus, and anterior/ posterior cingulate cortex. At pH 1 or 2, in particular, activation was observed in some emotion-related brain areas such as the more anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, or the temporal pole. Strong activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was found by subtraction analysis of the two second pH 1 infusions, with a significant increase of heartburn symptoms. CONCLUSION: Emotion-related brain areas were activated by esophageal acid stimulation. The orbitofrontal area might be involved in symptom processing, with esophageal sensitization induced by repeated acid stimulation.

关键词： Esophageal acid infusion Brain imaging Positron emission tomography

Tongue-like Barrett's esophagus is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4196-4203页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Shigeyuki kobayashi Ken Ariizumi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Yoshifumi Inomata Katsuaki Kato Daisuke Shibuya Shigemitsu Aida tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai 980-8574Japan Miyagi Cancer Society Sendai980-0011Japan Department of Gastroenterlogy Sendai City HospitalSendai 984-8501Japan

AIM:To test this hypothesis of barrett esophagus (BE) classified into two types and to further determine if there was any correlation between the shape of endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia (ESEM), prevalence of reflux esophagitis (RE) and heartburn. METHODS: A total of 6504 Japanese who underwent endoscopy for their annual stomach check-up were enrolled in this study. BE was detected without histological confirmation that is ESEM. We originally classified cases of ESEM into 3 types based on its shape: Tongue-like (T type), Dome-like (D type) and Wave-like (W type) ESEM. The respective subjects were prospectively asked to complete questionnaires concerning the symptoms of heartburn, dysphagia, and abdominal pain for a one-month period. RESULTS: ESEM was observed in 10.3% of 6504 subjects (ESEM < 1 cm, 9.4%; 1 cm ≤ ESEM < 3 cm, 1.7%; ESEM ≥ 3 cm, 0.5%). The frequency of ESEM was significantly higher in males compared with female subjects. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of heartburn and RE were significantly higher in the T type ESEM than in the W type ESEM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The T type ESEM was strongly associated with reflux symptoms and RE whereas the W type ESEM was not associated with GERD.

关键词： Tongue-like endoscopically suspectedesophageal metaplasia Dome-like endoscopicallysuspected esophageal metaplasia Wave-likeendoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Early effects of Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets on intragastric pH in CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2049-2054页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Toru Horii Ryousuke Kikuchi Shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Kaori Suzuki Takanori Hishinuma Junichi Goto tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Clinical Pharmacy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Pharmacotherapy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital 1-1 Seiryou-Machi Aobaku Sendai 9808574 Japan

AIM: To compare rabeprazole (RPZ; 10 mg) with Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets (LPZ; 30 mg OD) in terms of antisecretory activity and blood drug concentration after a single dose. METHODS: Eight H pylori-negative cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 extensive metabolizers were assigned to receive a single oral dose of RPZ 10 mg or LPZ 30 mg OD. Twelve hour intragastric pH monitoring was perform- ed on the day of treatment. Blood samples were also collected after the administration of each drug. RESULTS: LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in blood drug concentration than RPZ 10 mg; consequently, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in median pH in the third and fourth hours of the study. CONCLUSION: In H pylori-negative CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly faster inhibition of gastric acid secretion than RPZ 10 mg.

关键词： LPZ 30 mg orally disintegrating tablets Intragastric pH Blood drug concentration Cytochrome P450 2C19 extensive metabolizers H pylori-negative

Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in a large unselected general population in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1358-1364页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Shigeyuki kobayashi Ken Ariizumi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Yoshifumi Inomata Katsuaki Kato Daisuke Shibuya Shigemitsu Aida tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai CityJapan Miyagi Cancer Society Sendai CityJapan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai City Hospital Sendai cityJapan Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai CityJapan

AIM:To examine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in a large unselected general population in Japan. METHODS: In Japan, mature adults are offered regular check-ups for the prevention of gastric cancer. A notice was sent by mail to all inhabitants aged > 40 years. A total of 160 983 Japanese (60 774 male, 100 209 female; mean age 61.9 years) who underwent a stomach check up were enrolled in this study. In addition, from these 160 983 subjects, we randomly selected a total of 82 894 (34 275 male, 48 619 female; mean age 62.4 years) to evaluate the prevalence of abdominal pain. The respective subjects were prospectively asked to complete questionnaires concerning the symptoms of heartburn, dysphagia, and abdominal pain for a 1 mo period. RESULTS: The respective prevalences of the symptoms in males and females were: heartburn, 15.8% vs 20.7%; dysphagia, 5.4% vs 7.8%; and abdominal pain, 6.6% vs 9.6%. Among these symptoms, heartburn was significantly high compared with the other symptoms, and the prevalence of heartburn was significantly more frequent in females than in males in the 60-89-year agegroup. Dysphagia was also significantly more frequent in female patients. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of typical GERD symptoms (heartburn) was high, at about 20% of the Japan population, and the frequency was especially high in females in the 60-89 year age group.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Heartburn Dysphagia Abdominal pain

Stronger inhibition of gastric acid secretion by lafutidine, a novel H_2 receptor antagonist, than by the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2406-2410页

作者： Hatsushi Yamagishi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Toru Horii Ryousuke Kikuchi Shigeyuki kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Kaori Suzuki Takanori Hishinuma Junichi Goto tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Clinical Pharmacy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sendai 9808574 Japan Division of Pharmacotherapy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital Sendai 9808574 Japan

AIM: To compare the antisecretory activity and plasma drug concentrations of a single oral dose of 10 mg lafutidine, a novel H2 receptor antagonist, with those of the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole (LPZ) 30 mg. METHODS: Ten volunteers without H pylori infection participated in this crossover study comparing lafutidine 10 mg with LPZ 30 mg. Intragastric pH was monitored for 6 h in all participants, and blood samples were collected from four randomly selected individuals after single-dose administration of each drug. RESULTS: The median intragastric pH was significantly higher in individuals who received lafutidine 10 mg than in those who received LPZ 30 mg 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h after administration. Maximal plasma drug concentration was reached more promptly with lafutidine 10 mg than with LPZ 30 mg. CONCLUSION: In H pylori-negative individuals, gastric acid secretion is more markedly inhibited by lafutidinethan by LPZ.

关键词： Lafutidine Lansoprazole H2 receptor antagonists Proton pump inhibitors Antisecretory activity

Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for genotype Ib chronic hepatitis C in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第47期14卷 7225-7230页

作者： Takayuki Kogure Yoshiyuki Ueno Koji Fukushima Futoshi Nagasaki Yasuteru Kondo Jun Inoue Yasunori Matsuda Eiji Kakazu Takeshi Yamamoto Hiroyoshi Onodera Yutaka Miyazaki Hiromasa Okamoto Takehiro Akahane Tomoo kobayashi Yutaka Mano Takao Iwasaki Motoyasu Ishii tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University HospitalSendai 980-8574Japan Department of Gastroenterology Tohoku Rosai HospitalSendai 980-8574Japan Department of Gastroenterology Miyagi Cancer CenterNatori 981-1293Japan Department of Internal Medicine Tohoku Kosai HospitalSendai 980-0803Japan Department of Internal Medicine Shirakawa Kosei General HospitalShirakawa 961-0005Japan Department of Gastroenterology Ishinomaki Municipal HospitalIshinomaki 986-0835Japan Department of Gastroenterology Osaki Citizen HospitalFurukawa 989-6183Japan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai Medical CenterSendai 983-8520Japan Department of Internal Medicine Miyagi Social Insurance HospitalSendai 981-1103Japan

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of pegylated interferon α-2b(peg-IFNα-2b) plus ribavirin(RBV) therapy in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) genotype Ib and a high viral ***:One hundred and twenty CHC patients(58.3% male) who received peg-IFNα-2b plus RBV therapy for 48 wk were *** virological response(SVR) and clinical parameters were ***:One hundred(83.3%) of 120 patients completed 48 wk of treatment.53 patients(44.3%) achieved *** virological response(EVR) and end of treatment response(ETR) rates were 50% and 73.3%,*** clinical parameters(SVR vs non-SVR) associated with SVR,ALT(108.4 IU/L vs 74.5 IU/L,P = 0.063),EVR(76.4% vs 16.4%,P 56 years),SVR in females was significantly lower than that in males(17% vs 50%,P = 0.0262).EVR and adherence to Peg-IFN were demonstrated to be the main factors associated with ***:Peg-IFNα-2b plus RBV combination therapy demonstrated good tolerability in Japanese patients with CHC and resulted in a SVR rate of 44.3%.Treatment of elderly female patients is still challenging and maintenance of adherence to peg-IFNα-2b is important in improving the SVR rate.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Pegylated interferon Ribavirin