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No signature of selection on the C-terminal region of glucose transporter 2 with the evolution of avian nectarivory

Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 380-390页

作者： Alexander M.Myrka tooba shah Jason T.Weir Kenneth C.Welch Jr. Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Harbord St.TorontoON M5S 3G5Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada

Background:Flying birds,especially those that hover,need to meet high energetic *** that meet this demand through nectarivory face the added challenges of maintaining homeostasis in the face of spikes in blood sugar associated with nectar meals,as well as transporting that sugar to energetically demanding *** has evolved many times in birds and we hypothesized that the challenges of this dietary strategy would exert selective pressure on key aspects of metabolic ***,we hypothesized we would find convergent or parallel amino acid substitutions among different nectarivorous lineages in a protein important to sensing,regulating,and transporting glucose,glucose transporter 2(GLUT2).Methods:Genetic sequences for GLUT2 were obtained from ten pairs of nectarivorous and non-nectarivorous sister *** performed PCR amplification of the intracellular C-terminal domain of GLUT2 and adjacent protein domains due to the role of this region in determination of transport rate,substrate specificity and ***:Our findings have ruled out the C-terminal regulatory region of GLUT2 as a target for selection by sugar-rich diet among avian nectarivores,though selection among hummingbirds,the oldest avian nectarivores,cannot be ***:Our results indicate future studies should examine down-stream targets of GLUT2-mediated glucosensing and insulin secretion,such as insulin receptors and their targets,as potential sites of selection by nectarivory in birds.

关键词： GLUT2 Nectarivory Avian Glucosensing Glucose Diet Insulin signalling

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The Influence of Depression on Different Age and Gender Groups in Bahawalpur

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第7期8卷 196-207页

作者： Mehran Khan Muhammad shahbaz tooba Waris Shoaib Yaseen Iqra Afzal Emaan Khadim Sawera Usman Muhammad Ismail shah Sulaiman Aslam Zafar Iqbal Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy BMDC Complex63100PunjabPakistan

In Bahawalpur,a cross-sectional study assessed depression prevalence across age and gender groups,involving 442 participants from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and *** the PHQ9 questionnaire,84%were found to meet depression *** findings revealed a higher incidence in females(88%)than males(79%),with the greatest disparity among young adults,particularly young women,due to factors like academic pressure and financial *** children had the lowest depression rates(68%),possibly due to better *** individuals exhibited more severe depression,likely related to aging and domestic *** study’s findings highlight a significant variation in depression severity across different demographic groups,with an overall higher incidence in *** research underscores the necessity for targeted mental health resources and interventions tailored to the specific needs of each demographic *** also points to the importance of addressing academic and socioeconomic stressors to mitigate depression,particularly among young *** the study provides valuable insights,it relies on self-reported data,which may introduce ***,future research should include clinical assessments to validate these findings and ensure a more accurate representation of depression within the community.

关键词： Influence Depression Different age Gender groups Bahawalpur

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Some non-linear height–diameter models performance for mixed stand in forests in Northwest Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1084-1095页

作者： Roya ABEDI tooba ABEDI Department of Forestry Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TabrizAhar ***Iran Environmental Research Institute Academic Center for EducationCulture and ResearchRasht 41635-3114Iran

This study evaluated the total height of trees based on diameter at breast height by using 23 widely used height-diameter non-linear regression models for mixed-species forest stands consisting of Caucasian oak,field maple,and hornbeam from forests in Northwest Iran.1920 trees were measured in 6 sampling plots(every sampling plot has 1 ha area).The fit of the best height–diameter models for each species were compared based on R2,Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Akaike information criterion(AIC),standard error,and relative ranking performance *** the final step,verification of results was performed by paired sample t-test to compare the observed height and estimated *** showed that among 23 height-diameter models,the best models were obtained from the top five ones including Modified-logistic,Prodan,Sibbesen,Burkhart,and *** between the actual observed height and estimated height for Caucasian oak showed that Modified–Logistic,Prodan,Sibbesen,Burkhart,and Exponential performed better than the others,respectively(There were no statistically significant differences between observed heights and predicted height(p≥0.05)).Prodan,Modified-Logistic,Burkhart,and Loetch evaluated field maple tree height correctly,and Modified-Logistic,Burkhart,and Loetch had better fitness compared to the others for hornbeam,*** other models were introduced as appropriate criteria,they could not reliably predict the height of *** the Rank analysis,the Modified-Logistic model for the Caucasian oak and Prodan model for field maple and hornbeam had the best ***,to complement the results of this study,it is suggested to assess how environmental factors such as elevation,climate parameters,forest protection policy and forest structure will modify height-diameter allometry models and will enhance the prediction accuracy of tree heights prediction in mixed stands.

关键词： Arasbaran Forest inventory Height prediction Model validation Non-linear modeling Rank analysis

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An Implementation of Haar Wavelet Based Method for Numerical Treatment of Time-fractional Schrdinger and Coupled Schrdinger Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 177-187页

作者： Najeeb Alam Khan tooba Hameed the Department of Mathematics University of Karachi

The objective of this paper is to solve the timefractional Schr¨odinger and coupled Schr¨odinger differential equations(TFSE) with appropriate initial conditions by using the Haar wavelet approximation. For the most part, this endeavor is made to enlarge the pertinence of the Haar wavelet method to solve a coupled system of time-fractional partial differential equations. As a general rule, piecewise constant approximation of a function at different resolutions is presentational characteristic of Haar wavelet method through which it converts the differential equation into the Sylvester equation that can be further simplified easily. Study of the TFSE is theoretical and experimental research and it also helps in the development of automation science,physics, and engineering as well. Illustratively, several test problems are discussed to draw an effective conclusion, supported by the graphical and tabulated results of included examples, to reveal the proficiency and adaptability of the method.

关键词： Fractional calculus Haar wavelets operational matrix wavelets

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Quantum carpets:efficiently probing fractional revivals in position-dependent mass systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第1期75卷 46-54页

作者： tooba Bibi Sunia Javed shahid Iqbal Department of Physics School of Natural SciencesNational University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12 IslamabadPakistan

Position-dependent-mass systems are of great importance in many physical situations,such as the transport of charge carriers in semiconductors with non-uniform composition and in the theory of many-body interactions in condensed *** we investigate,numerically and analytically,the phenomenon of fractional revivals in such systems,which is a generic characteristic manifested by the wave-packet evolution in bounded Hamiltonian *** the fractional revivals using specific probes is an important task in the theory of quantum measurement and *** numerically simulate the temporal evolution of probability density and information entropy density,which manifest self-similarly recurring interference patterns,namely,quantum *** numerical results show that the quantum carpets not only serve as an effective probe for recognizing the fractional revivals of various order but they efficiently describe the effect of spatially-varying mass on the structure of fractional revivals,which is manifested as a symmetry breaking in their designs.

关键词： wave-packet dynamics quantum carpets information carpets quantum revivals fractional revivals position-dependent mass schroedinger equation

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CPEC对巴基斯坦经济的影响─运输成本和运输时间的视角

CPEC对巴基斯坦经济的影响─运输成本和运输时间的视角

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作者： Hafiza tooba Khan 山东财经大学

学位级别：硕士

运输时间和金钱的物流将成为本文的主要重点。为了有效地与欧洲和中东国家开展业务,中国需要一条便捷、无风险且具有成本效益的贸易走廊而巴基斯坦的国内和国际贸易基础设施和运输系统薄弱。为了满足两国的要求,巴基斯坦和中国签署了一... 详细信息

运输时间和金钱的物流将成为本文的主要重点。为了有效地与欧洲和中东国家开展业务,中国需要一条便捷、无风险且具有成本效益的贸易走廊而巴基斯坦的国内和国际贸易基础设施和运输系统薄弱。为了满足两国的要求,巴基斯坦和中国签署了一个名为CPEC的大型项目,以缓解他们的贸易和其他经济发展。本研究的目的是确定CPEC是否能够令人满意地满足要求。本研究调查了中巴经济走廊将如何影响贸易和国际业务,包括运输货物所需的时间和成本。运输和基础设施是重要的贸易杠杆,因为它可以降低运输成本和交货时间,让运输货物的人和接收货物的人都感到轻松。当前时期的企业高度重视降低运输成本和缩短旅行时间,以此作为最大化收入和确保产品按时交付的手段。中巴经济走廊(CPEC)是本论文的主要焦点。更具体地说,讨论了CPEC的相关性以及它在成本和过境时间方面对中国和巴基斯坦进出口的影响。此外,该分析将推荐路线与当前遵循的路线进行对比。本研究主要根据所使用的研究方法使用描述性和定性研究策略。研究认为,瓜达尔和喀什是对中国贸易和巴基斯坦经济发展非常重要的港口。之前中国是从上海进出口,而巴基斯坦对欧洲和中东的进出口大部分是从卡拉奇港,成本非常高。中巴经济走廊通过喀什港和瓜达尔港连接中国和巴基斯坦。为他们的国际贸易提供通往欧洲和中东的新贸易路线,而作为CPEC项目一部分的瓜达尔海岸线、铁路和公路网项目正在连接巴基斯坦所有省份。这些铁路和公路网将增加巴基斯坦的国际和国内贸易,创造就业机会,并将发展巴基斯坦的经济。为了分析CPEC的有效性,我们计算了40英尺集装箱的运输成本和运输时间。始发地是位于中国西部的喀什无水港,目的地是位于欧洲和中东的三个港口。通过计算两条航线(当前贸易航线和CPEC航线)的运输时间和运输成本,然后比较它们,我们发现CPEC航线减少了36%的欧洲运输成本,50%的吉达和科威特运输成本,68%的运输成本到阿曼,而在运输时间方面,从欧洲出发的时间将缩短至10-11天,从吉达出发的时间将缩短11-13天,从科威特出发的时间将缩短15-18天,从阿曼出发的时间将缩短10天。现在,瓜达尔港不仅提供了通往中国的最短路线,也提供了通往巴基斯坦的另一条贸易通道。巴基斯坦现在可以使用瓜达尔港与中东和欧洲国家进行进出口,这是巴基斯坦海上贸易的较短路线。从瓜达尔到巴基斯坦其他地区的火车、高速公路和公路网正在缩短陆路距离,例如从瓜达尔港到奎达,它提供了贸易和货运的联系,还到达了阿富汗和中亚共和国。由于白沙瓦-卡拉奇高速公路从48小时缩短至7小时,中巴进出口也将增加。西部路线(主要贸易路线)还为俾路支省和开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的企业提供了一个通过喀什向中国出口的可行选择,因为它提供了更好的基础设施和市场准入。这条航线的开发是为了促进巴基斯坦和中国之间的贸易和运输,预计将促进该地区的经济增长。此外,中巴双方在经济特区投资兴建新工厂,未来瓜达尔有望成为国际贸易枢纽,这将给众多中巴跨国公司带来巨大利益,尤其会提振巴基斯坦经济。

关键词：进出口贸易中巴经济走廊运输成本运输时间

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Takotsubo syndrome with underlying pheochromocytoma

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第12期18卷 1068-1070页

作者： tooba Sahar Asaad Akbar Khan Raja Wajid Shabbir Cardiology Department Shifa International HospitalIslamabadPakistan

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TTC),also re-ferred as broken heart syndrome,is a type of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy usually preceded by exposure to significant physical or emotional stress.[1]Reported by Sato,et al.[2]in 1990 for the first time,the condition resembles acute coronary syndrome(ACS),characterised by chest pain and dyspnoea.[3]ST-segment elevation and/or T wave inversion and pathological Q waves are pre-sent in almost 40%of patients on electrocardiogram.[4]It is recently established that TTC causative factor is not only an acute emotional stress,but also sudden intracranial events,including haemorrhage,trauma and ischemic events;acute medical diseases such as sepsis and surgical interventions;increased secre-tion of endogenous catecholamines(pheochromocy-toma);and administration of exogenous catechola-minergic agents can contribute to the disease *** has been recognized by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association as a dis-tinctive form of reversible cardiomyopathy.

关键词： acute cardiomyopathy al.

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Deciphering key genes involved in cisplatin resistance in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma through a combined in silico and in vitro approach

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肿瘤学研究(英文) 2023年第6期31卷 899-916页

作者： MUNEEBA MALIK MAMOONA MAQBOOL tooba NISAR TAZEEM AKHTER JAVED AHMED UJAN ALANOOD SALGARNI FAKHRIA AAL JOUFI SULTAN SHAFI KALANAZI MOHAMMAD HADI ALMOTARED MOUNIR MSALEM BEKHIT MUHAMMAD JAMIL Services Hospital LahorePakistan Sabzazar Medical Center LahorePakistan BHU Pourmiana AttockPakistan Public Health Department University of Health SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Zoology Shah Abdul Latif UniversityKhairpurPakistan Department of Animal Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Pharmacology and Toxicology Department College of Pharmacy Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyJouf UniversityAljoufSaudi Arabia Regional Laboratory and Blood Bank(Total Laboratory Automation) RiyadhSaudi Arabia Health Affairs in Najran New Najran General HospitalNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia PARC Arid Zone Research Center Dera Ismail KhanPakistan

The low survival rate of Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma(KIRC)patients is largely attributed to cisplatin *** than focusing solely on individual proteins,exploring protein-protein interactions could offer greater insight into drug *** this end,a series of in silico and in vitro experiments were conducted to identify hub genes in the intricate network of cisplatin resistance-related genes in KIRC *** genes involved in cisplatin resistance across KIRC were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI)database using search terms as“Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma”and“Cisplatin resistance”.The genes retrieved were analyzed for hub gene identification using the STRING database and Cytoscape *** and promoter methylation profiling of the hub genes was done using UALCAN,GEPIA,OncoDB,and HPA ***,survival,functional enrichment,immune cell infiltration,and drug prediction analyses of the hub genes were performed using the cBioPortal,GEPIA,GSEA,TIMER,and DrugBank ***,expression and methylation levels of the hub genes were validated on two cisplatin-resistant RCC cell lines(786-O and A-498)and a normal renal tubular epithelial cell line(HK-2)using two high throughput techniques,including targeted bisulfite sequencing(bisulfite-seq)and RT-qPCR.A total of 124 genes were identified as being associated with cisplatin resistance in *** of these genes,MCL1,IGF1R,CCND1,and PTEN were identified as hub genes and were found to have significant(p<0.05)variations in their mRNA and protein expressions and effects on the overall survival(OS)of the KIRC ***,an aberrant promoter methylation pattern was found to be associated with the dysregulation of the hub *** addition to this,hub genes were also linked with different cisplatin resistance-causing ***,hub genes can be targeted with Alvocidib,Estradiol,Tretinoin,Capsaicin,Dronabinol,Metribolone,Calcitriol

关键词： KIRC Cisplatin resistance Chemotherapy Overall survival

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Behavioral effects of a four-wing attractor with circuit realization: a cryptographic perspective on immersion

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第12期72卷 35-70页

作者： Najeeb Alam Khan Muhammad Ali Qureshi tooba Hameed Saeed Akbar Saif Ullah Department of Mathematics University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Physics University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan

In this paper,we propose an innovative chaotic system,combining fractional derivative and sinehyperbolic nonlinearity with circuit *** study of this system is conducted via an analog circuit simulator,using two anti-parallel semiconductor diodes to provide hyperbolic sine nonlinearity,and to function as operational *** multi-stability of the system is also enhanced with the help of multi-equilibrium points for distinct real orders of *** system explores the generation of a four-wing attractor in different phases,both numerically and *** changing the input parameters of the system,different graphs are generated for current flow in state,phase,and space,to confirm the precision of the fractional order derivatives.A reasonable simulation shows that the deliberate circuit provides effective chaos in terms of speed and accuracy,which is comensurate with the numerical *** nonlinear chaotic behavior is utilized to encrypt sound(.wav),images(.jpg),and animated(.gif)data which are a major requirement for the security of communication *** proposed circuit performs chaos and cryptographic tasks with high-effective analog computation,and constitutes a novel approach to this area of research.

关键词： multi-wing attractors hyperbolic sine circuit realization encryption

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A Metaheuristic Approach to Optimize European Call Function with Boundary Conditions

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2018年第3期9卷 260-268页

作者： Najeeb Alam KHAN Oyoon Abdul RAZZAQ tooba HAMEED Department of Mathematics University of Karachi Department of Humanities & Natural Sciences Bahria University

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pricing European call option valuation problems under the exercise price,maturity,risk-free interest rate,and the volatility function. An advance methodology,Chebyshev simulated annealing neural network(Ch SANN),is enforced for the Black-Scholes(B-S) model with boundary conditions. Our scheme is stable and easy to implement on B-S equation,for arbitrary volatility and arbitrary interest rate values. Also,the comparative results demonstrate that the attained approximate solutions are converging towards the exact solution. The graphical results show that the increasing flow of the European call option as the exponential increase takes place in assets. The presented algorithm can be further applied to other financial models with certain boundary conditions. The algorithm of the method shows that the approach can also be easily employed on time-fractional B-S equation.

关键词： neural network numerical approximation Chebyshev polynomials

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