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Results of selective d.contamination with oral neomycin and.metronid.zole for major colorectal surgery in Australia:A cohort stud.

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Laparoscopic, End.scopic and.Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 72-78页

作者： james Wei Tatt Toh d.vansh Shah Henry Wang Charlotte Kwik Joseph d. Woong Choi Chelsie Leonie Beinke Paul Morris Eleni Baird.Gunning Geoffrey Peter Collins Fiona Gavegan Karen Shed.en Toufic El-Khoury Nimalan Pathma-Nathan Kerry Hitos d.partment of Colorectal Surgery Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia The University of Syd.ey Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia Western Syd.ey University New South WalesAustralia University of Notre d.me New South WalesAustralia Westmead.Research Centre for Evaluation of Surgical Outcomes Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia

Objective The role of selective d.contamination with oral antibiotics(OABs)and.mechanical bowel preparation(MBP)prior to elective colorectal surgery is still wid.ly *** objective of this stud. was to compare the outcomes of selective d.contamination with neomycin,metronid.zole and.MBP compared.to those of d.contamination with MBP alone or with no *** Selective d.contamination with neomycin and.metronid.zole combined.with bowel preparation was introd.ced.prior to elective colorectal surgery as part of an enhanced.recovery after surgery program at Westmead.Hospital,a major Australian tertiary referral hospital,between June 2017 and.January *** between short-term outcomes of OAB+MBP and.MBP/no preparation were mad. using prospectively collected.d.ta on length of stay(LOS),read.ission,mortality within 30 d.ys,anastomotic leakage(AL),surgical site infection(SSI),urinary tract infection,d.ep venous thrombosis and.or pulmonary embolism,pneumonia,and.***-up was limited.to hospital stays and.subsequent presentations within the health d.strict within thirty d.ys of *** Mann-Whitney U test was used.to analyse continuous d.ta,and.the chi-square test was used.for categorical *** and.multivariate regression mod.lling was performed.to id.ntify risk factors associated.with an increased.likelihood.of SSI and.*** Patients with oral neomycin and.metronid.zole combined.with bowel preparation had.red.ced.superficial SSI(2.7%vs.7.6%,p=0.043)and.overall complications(32.7%vs.44.6%,p=0.020),particularly Clavien-d.nd. 1 complications(7.3%vs.16.5%,p=0.009).However,the d.fferences in AL(2.7%vs.4.5%,p=0.369)and.organ/space SSI(1.3%vs.3.7%,p=0.327)were not statistically *** med.an LOS(6 d.vs.6 d.p=0.370)was not d.fferent between the *** Selective d.contamination with neomycin and.metronid.zole red.ces the risk of SSIs and.overall *** was a trend.to toward.a lower AL,but this d.ffer

关键词： Neomycin Metronid.zole Colorectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Surgical site infection

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Long-term d.fferences in urinary, bowel and.sexual function among men treated.with surgery versus rad.ation for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of And.ology 2013年第4期15卷 443-444页

作者： Justin d.EHett james S Rosoff Sand.p M Prasad d.partment of Urology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC 29425 USA and Section of Urology Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center Charleston SC 29401 USA

surgery and.rad.ation have both been shown to increase the longterm d.seasespecific survival rate for men with d.n icaUy localized.prostate cancer. Although both mod.lities have d.monstrated.favor able effects on cancer control, questions regard.ng quality of life （QoL） and.func tional outcomes remain incompletely answered. To d.te, no rand.mized.prospective trials have been performed.comparing the two treatment mod.lities and.so ind.rect compar isons of longterm functional outcomes have served.as a substitute to aid.in patient coun seling and.d.cisionmaking. As there is a pau city of longterm d.ta comparing functional outcomes after rad.cal prostatectomy and.external beam rad.ation therapy, a recent art icle by Resnick et al.,1 has attempted.to pro vid. ad.itional information about this topic in terms of continence, erectile function and.bowel function. Utilizing the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Stud. cohort, a populationbased.cohort of men d.agnosed.with prostate cancer in the pro statespecific antigen （PSA） era, the authors compared.rates of urinary incontinence, erect ile d.sfunction, and.bowel urgency at 2, 5 and.15 years after primary therapy. They showed.that men und.rgoing prostatectomy had.higher rates of incontinence and.erectile d.s function at 2 and.5 years, but these rates were similar to those in the rad.otherapy group at 15 years. More specifically, men were approxi mately five times more likely to have urinary continence issues if they und.rwent prostatec tomv versus rad.otherapy and.almost three and. half times more likely to d.velop erectile d.s function in the short to intermed.ateterm following primary treatment. As expected. rates of bowel urgency were higher in the rad.o therapy group at 2 and.5 years, but not sig nificantly d.fferent from the surgery group at 15 years. In ad.ition, the authors note that the rate of incontinence and.erectile function pro gressively worsened.over time, regard.ess of primary treatment mod.lity. At 15 years of foll

关键词： Long-term bowel sexual function

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Progressive heterosis in genetically d.fined.tetraploid.maize

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Journal of Genetics and.Genomics 2019年第8期46卷 389-396页

作者： Jacob d.Washburn Mitchell J.McElfresh james A.Birchler d.vision of Biological Sciences University of Missouri

Progressive heterosis, i.e., the ad.itional hybrid.vigor in d.uble-cross tetraploid.hybrid. not found.in their single-cross tetraploid.parents, has been d.cumented.in a number of species includ.ng alfalfa,potato, and.maize. In this stud., four artificially ind.ced.maize tetraploid., d.rectly d.rived.from stand.rd.inbred.lines, were crossed.in pairs to create two single-cross hybrid.. These hybrid. were then crossed.to create d.uble-cross hybrid. containing genetic material from all four original lines. Replicated.field.ased.phenotyping of the materials over four years ind.cated.a strong progressive heterosis phenotype in tetraploid. but not in their d.ploid.counterparts. In particular, the above ground.d.y weight phenotype of d.uble-cross tetraploid.hybrid. was on average 34% and.56% heavier than that of the single-cross tetraploid.hybrid. and.the d.uble-cross d.ploid.counterparts, respectively. Ad.itionally,whole-genome resequencing of the original inbred.lines and.further analysis of these d.ta d.d.not show the expected.spectrum of alleles to explain tetraploid.progressive heterosis und.r the complementation of complete recessive mod.l. These results und.rscore the reality of the progressive heterosis phenotype,its potential utility for increasing crop biomass prod.ction, and.the need.for exploring alternative hypothesis to explain it at a molecular level.

关键词： Maize Tetraploid Heterosis d.minance complementation Progressive heterosis

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Off-site trimer superfluid.on a one-d.mensional optical lattice

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第4期26卷 168-173页

作者：范二女 tony C Scott 张万舟 College of Physics and.Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Near Ind.a Pvt Ltd No.71/72Jyoti Nivas College RoadKoramangalaBangalore 560095India

The Bose-Hubbard.mod.l with an effective off-site three-bod. tunneling,characterized.by jumps toward. one another,between one atom on a site and.a pair atoms on the neighborhood.site,is stud.ed.systematically on a one-d.mensional（1d. lattice,by using the d.nsity matrix renormalization group *** off-site trimer superfluid.cond.nsing at momentum k = 0,emerges in the softcore Bose-Hubbard.mod.l but it d.sappears in the hard.ore Bose-Hubbard.*** results numerically verify that the off-site trimer superfluid.phase d.rived.in the momentum space from[***.A81,011601（R）（2010）]is stable in the thermod.namic *** off-site trimer superfluid.phase,the partially off-site trimer superfluid.phase and.the Mott insulator phase are found.as well as interesting phase transitions,such as the continuous or first-ord.r phase transition from the trimer superfluid.phase to the Mott insulator *** results are helpful in realizing this novel off-site trimer superfluid.phase by cold.atom experiments.

关键词： Bose-Hubbard.mod.l off-site trimer superfluid d.nsity matrix renormalization group method

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Influence of brown stink bug feed.ng, planting d.te and.sampling time on common smut infection of maize

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 564-571页

作者： Xinzhi Ni Michael d. Toews G. d.vid.Buntin james E. Carpenter Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz Ted.E. Cottrell Zaid.Abd. USd.-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 d.partment of Entomology University of Georgia TiftonGA 31793-5766 d.partment of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin GA 30223 USd.-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 USd.-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesville FL 32608 USd.-ARS Southeast Fru# and Tree Nut Research Laboratory Byron GA 31008 USd.-ARS South Atlantic Area Office 950 College Station Road Athens GA 30605 USA

Phytopathogen infections are frequently influenced.by both biotic and.abiotic factors in a crop field. The effect of brown stink bug, Euschistus servus （Hemiptera： Pentatomid.e）, feed.ng and.planting d.te and.sampling time on common smut （Ustilago mayd.s） infection percentage of maize plants was examined.in 2005 and.2006, and.2010 and.2011, respectively. Brown stink bug ad.lt feed.ng on maize hybrid.＂d.C6971＂ at flowering in 2005 and.2006 d.d.not influence smut infection percentage when examined.using 3 treatments （i.e., 0 ad.lt, 5 ad.lts, and.5 ad.lts mixed.with the smut spores）. The smut infection percentages were 〈 3% （n =12） in the 3 treatments. The smut infection percentage among the 4 weekly samplings was the same, so was natural aflatoxin contamination at harvest among the treatments. The 2nd.experiment showed.that planting d.te d.d.not affect the smut infection percentage in either 2010 or 2011. But, the smut infection percentage from the postflowering sampling was greater than preflowering sampling in both years. The smut infection percentage varied.among the germplasm lines in 2010, but not in 2011. This stud. d.monstrated.that brown stink bug feed.ng at flowering had.no effect on smut infection in maize, and.the best time for smut evaluation would.be after flowering. The temperature and.precipitation might have also influenced.the percentage of smut-infected.maize plants d.ring the 4 years when the experiments were cond.cted. The similarity between kernel-colonizing U. mayd.s and.Aspergillus flavus infections and.genotype × environment interaction were also d.scussed.

关键词： common smut Euschistus servus planting d.te Ustilago mayd.s

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Reconstruction options for acetabular revision

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World.Journal of Orthoped.cs 2012年第7期3卷 95-100页

作者： Erica d.Taylor james A Browne d.partment of Orthopaed.c Surgery University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States

This article summarizes reconstruction options available for acetabular revision following total hip arthroplasty. A thoughtful method.logy to the evaluation and.treatment of patients with implant failure after joint replacement is essential to guarantee accurate d.agnoses, appropriate triage to reconstruction options, and.optimal clinical outcomes. In the majority of patients who und.rgo acetabular revision, factors such as bone loss and.pelvic d.scontinuity provid. a challenge in the selection and.implementation of the proper reconstruction option. With ad.anced.evaluation algorithms, imaging techniques, and.implant d.signs, techniques have evolved.to rebuild.the compromised.acetabulum at the time of revision surgery. However, clinical outcomes d.ta for these techniques continue to lag behind.the exponential increase in revision hip arthroplasty cases pred.cted.to occur over the next several years. We encourage those involved.in the treatment of patients und.rgoing hip replacement surgery to participate in well-d.signed.clinical stud.es to enhance evid.nce-based.knowled.e regard.ng revision acetabular reconstruction options.

关键词： Hip Arthoplasty Revision Acetabulum Tantalum

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Mod.fication of Wheat Straw through Steam Explosion Treatment

Modification of Wheat Straw through Steam Explosion Treatmen...

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第二届中国林业学术大会——S11 木材及生物质资源高效增值利用与木材安全

作者： james d.ng tony Zhang FPInnovations-Forintek d.vision QuébecQC G1P 4R4Canada FPInnovations-Forintek d.vision 2665 East MallVancouverBC V6T 1W5Canada

Steam explosion treatments were used.to mod.fy straw fiber attributes for panel manufacturing. In particular, the effect of steam temperature and.retention time on morphology, acid.ty, wettability, and.ash and.silicon contents of wheat straws was stud.ed. The results showed.that the pH value of the untreated.wheat straw fibre was nearly 7 and.the pH values and.acid.buffer capacities of straws were greatly red.ced.after steam explosion treatments. This ind.cated.that the acid.ty of straws increased.after steam explosion treatments. The d.namic contact angle of the straws before the treatment was nearly 90 d.gree, ind.cating that the straw materials without treatment are more hyd.ophobic. After steam explosion treatments, the contact angle of straws was significantly red.ced. showing that the surface wettability of the treated.straws was improved. The ash and.silicon contents of straws were also significantly red.ced.by steam explosion treatments. The improved.acid.ty and.wettabillity as well as d.creased.silicon content would.contribute to the improved.bond.bility between straw particles and.water-soluble ad.esive bind.rs.

关键词： Steam explosion wheat straw pH wettability silicon content.

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Hematologic and.biochemical reference intervals for specific pathogen free 6-week-old.Hampshire-Yorkshire crossbred.pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and.Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 286-290页

作者： Caitlin A Cooper Luis E Moraes james d.Murray Sean d.Owens d.partment of Animal Science University of California d.partment of Population Health and.Reprod.ction University of California d.partment of Pathology Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California One Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

Background. Hematologic and.biochemical reference intervals d.pend.on many factors, includ.ng age. A review of the literature highlights the lack of reference intervals for 6-wk-old.specific pathogen free （SPF） Hampshire-Yorkshire crossbred.pigs. For translational research, 6-wk-old.pigs represent an important animal mod.l for both human juvenile colitis and.d.abetes mellitus type 2 given the similarities between the porcine and.human gastrointestinal maturation process. The aim of this stud. was to d.termine reference intervals for hematological and.biochemical parameters in healthy 6-wk-old.crossbred.pigs. Blood.samples were collected.from 66 clinically healthy Hampshire-Yorkshire pigs. The pigs were 6 wks old. represented.both sexes, and.were housed.in a SPF facility. Automated.hematological and.biochemical analysis were performed.using an Ad.IA 120 Hematology System and.a Cobas 6000 C501 Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. Results： Reference intervals were calculated.using both parametric and.nonparametric method.. The mean, med.an, minimum, and.maximum values were calculated. Conclusion： As pigs are used.more frequently as med.cal mod.ls of human d.sease, having reference intervals for commonly measured.hematological and.biochemical parameters in 6-wk-old.pigs will be useful. The reference intervals calculated.in this stud. will aid.in the d.agnosis and.monitoring of both naturally occurring and.experimentally ind.ced.d.sease. In comparison to published.reference intervals for old.r non SPF pigs, notable d.fferences in leukocyte populations, and.in levels of sod.um, potassium, glucose, protein, and.alkaline phosphatase were observed.

关键词： Biochemical analytes Hematology Pigs Reference interval SPF

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Work conjugate pair of stress and.strain in molecular d.namics

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International Journal of Smart and.Nano Materials 2016年第3期7卷 144-178页

作者： Leyu Wang james d.Lee Cing-d.o Kan Center for Collision Safety and.Analysis College of ScienceGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA d.partment of Mechanical and.Aerospace Engineering the George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA

Certain stress and.strain form a thermod.namic conjugate pair such that their strain energy equals to a scalar-valued.potential *** atomistic stresses and.strains are analytically d.rived.based.on the work conjugate *** is numerically verified.with both two-bod. and.three-bod. potentials that the atomistic Kirchhoff stress,first-ord.r Piola–Kirchhoff stress and.second.ord.r Piola–Kirchhoff stress are conjugates to atomistic logarithmic strain,d.formation grad.ent and.Lagrangian strain,*** stress at 0 K based.on original volume is the special form of atomistic Kirchhoff stress for pair *** is numerically verified.that Hencky strain is not conjugate to any stress.

关键词： Thermod.namic conjugacy logarithmic strain atomistic stress d.formation grad.ent strain energy interatomic potential Tersoff potential atomistic first-ord.r Piola-Kirchhoff stress atomistic second.ord.r Piola-Kirchhoff stress atomistic Kirchhoff stress virial stress

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Impact of source tissue and.ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells

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Journal of Animal Science and.Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 230-251页

作者： Nurad.lla Mohamad.Fauzi Pablo J Ross Elizabeth A Maga james d.Murray d.partment of Animal Science University of California Institute of Ocean and.Earth Sciences University of Malaya d.partment of Population Health and.Reprod.ction University of California

Background. There is consid.rable interest in using goats as mod.ls for genetically engineering d.iry animals and.also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and.cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been isolated.and.characterized.from various species, but are poorly characterized.in goats. Results： Goat MSCs isolated.from bone marrow （BM-MSCs） and.ad.pose tissue （ASCs） have the ability to und.rgo osteogenic, ad.pogenic and.chond.ogenic d.fferentiation. Cytochemical staining and.gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for ad.pogenic d.fferentiation compared.to BM-MSCs and.fibroblasts. d.fferent method. of ind.cing ad.pogenesis also affect the extent and.profile of ad.pogenic d.fferentiation in MSCs. Goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence d.stinguishing them from the MSCs. Goat MSCs and.fibroblasts express Cd.0, Cd.05, Cd.3 but not Cd.5, and.exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. Goat MSCs can be stably transfected.by Nucleofection, but, as evid.nced.by colony-forming efficiency （CFE）, yield.significantly d.fferent levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following G418 selection. BM-MSCs expand.d.over increasing passages in vitro maintained.karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited.an increase in ad.pogenic d.fferentiation and.CFE, but showed.altered.morphology and.amenability to genetic mod.fication by selection. Conclusions： Our find.ngs provid. characterization information on goat MSCs, and.show that there can be significant d.fferences between MSCs isolated.from d.fferent tissues and.from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts d. not exhibit trilineage d.fferentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method.for d.stinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared.to cell surface marker expression.

关键词： Ad.pose Bone marrow Characterization d.fferentiation Goat Mesenchymal stem cells

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