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A Mixed-finite Volume Element Coupled with the Method of Characteristic Fractional Step Difference for Simulating Transient Behavior of Semiconductor Device of Heat Conductor And Its Numerical Analysis

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2017年第4期33卷 1053-1072页

作者： Yi-rang YUAN Qing YANG Chang-feng LI tong-jun sun Institute of Mathematics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China School of Mathematical Sciences Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China School of Economics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

The mathematical system is formulated by four partial differential equations combined with initial- boundary value conditions to describe transient behavior of three-dimensional semiconductor device with heat conduction. The first equation of an elliptic type is defined with respect to the electric potential, the successive two equations of convection dominated diffusion type are given to define the electron concentration and the hole concentration, and the fourth equation of heat conductor is for the temperature. The electric potential appears in the equations of electron concentration, hole concentration and the temperature in the formation of the intensity. A mass conservative numerical approximation of the electric potential is presented by using the mixed finite volume element, and the accuracy of computation of the electric intensity is improved one order. The method of characteristic fractional step difference is applied to discretize the other three equations, where the hyperbolic terms are approximated by a difference quotient in the characteristics and the diffusion terms are discretized by the method of fractional step difference. The computation of three-dimensional problem works efficiently by dividing it into three one-dimensional subproblems and every subproblem is solved by the method of speedup in parallel. Using a pair of different grids （coarse partition and refined partition）, piecewise threefold quadratic interpolation, variation theory, multiplicative commutation rule of differential operators, mathematical induction and priori estimates theory and special technique of differential equations, we derive an optimal second order estimate in L2-norm. This numerical method is valuable in the simulation of semiconductor device theoretically and actually, and gives a powerful tool to solve the international problem presented by J. Douglas, Jr.

关键词： transient behavior of three-dimensional semiconductor device numerical simulation mixed finitevolume element modified characteristic fractional step difference second order estimate in L2 norm

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Boosting zinc anode durability through synergistic inner Helmholtz plane and interfacial electric field regulation

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2025-2029页

作者： Hao Tan Chao Meng tong sun Xing-Long Wu Hong Liu Jian-jun Wang State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology Department of PhysicsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology Jinan BranchHefei National LaboratoryJinan 250101China Shenzhen Research Institute Shandong UniversityShenzhen 518057China

As the need for energy storage devices escalates,aqueous zincion batteries(ZIBs)have risen as a promising alternative to the widely used Li-ion batteries,offering intrinsic safety,environmental compatibility,and cost advantages,positioning them as attractive energy storage systems for the future[1,2].However,challenges such as dendrite growth on Zn anodes,stemming from uneven electric fields on the surface and active water side reactions,compromise cycling stability and lifespan,posing significant hurdles for the practical application of ZIBs[3,4].To mitigate these issues,strategies like electrolyte optimization,artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layers,and current collector modifications have been proposed[5,6].Nevertheless,most long-cycle experiments are conducted at low current densities and deposition capacities,with high current density and capacity operations typically lasting less than 1000 h[7].

关键词： electrolyte durability offering

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Characteristic fractional step finite difference method for nonlinear section coupled system

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第10期35卷 1311-1330页

作者：袁益让李长峰孙同军刘允欣 Institute of Mathematics Shandong University School of Economics Shandong University

For the section coupled system of multilayer dynamics of fluids in porous media, a parallel scheme modified by the characteristic finite difference fractional steps is proposed for a complete point set consisting of coarse and fine partitions. Some tech- niques, such as calculus of variations, energy method, twofold-quadratic interpolation of product type, multiplicative commutation law of difference operators, decomposition of high order difference operators, and prior estimates, are used in theoretical analysis. Optimal order estimates in 12 norm are derived to show accuracy of the second order approximation solutions. These methods have been used to simulate the problems of migration-accumulation of oil resources.

关键词： three-dimensional section coupled system complete nonlinear equation,characteristic fractional step convergence numerical simulation

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Forced boiling of nonazeotropic immiscible mixture in a supercapillary microchannel array for ultra-high heat flux removal with chip junction temperature below 85℃

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1364-1380页

作者： sun Bo BAO YuChen TIAN tong LI Ji School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Laboratory of Advanced Thermal Management Technologies School of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

In this study,a structure-optimized two-phase microchannel heat sink with sintered submicron nucleation sites was developed and *** copper-based microchannels had a rectangular cross-section with an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 222μ*** subcooled flow boiling characteristics were comprehensively compared between pure HFE-7100 and a non-azeotropic,immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100 and water,considering heating areas of 1 and 5 cm^(2).The total heating power input to the test section were 100–1500 and 250–3000 W for a 1 and 5 cm^(2)heat source,respectively,with a flow rate ranging from 50 to150 L/*** to pure HFE-7100,the non-azeotropic immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100/water in the sintered porous microchannels exhibited a much higher overall heat transfer coefficient and lower power *** maintain the junction temperature of a high power electronic chip below 85℃,the proposed supercapillary microchannel heat sink could effectively dissipate the heat flux of 1275 W/cm^(2)over 1 cm^(2)heat source and 500 W/cm^(2)over 5 cm^(2)heat *** addition,the volume ratio of the binary mixture strongly influence the two-phase flow heat transfer *** optimal volume ratio exist in terms of the thermal resistance–pumping power minimization(HFE-7100:water=2:8 is recommended in this study).The findings of this investigation on the flow boiling properties of non-azeotropic immiscible mixtures help fill a gap in the related field.

关键词： microchannel sintered powder coating submicron nucleation cavities nonazeotropic immiscible ultra-high heat flux

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Pretreating and normalizing metabolomics data for statistical analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 188-205页

作者： jun sun Yinglin Xia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology/ImmunologyUIC Cancer CenterUniversity of Illinois ChicagoJesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago(537)ChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Metabolomics as a research field and a set of techniques is to study the entire small molecules in biological *** is emerging as a powerful tool generally for pre-cision ***,integration of microbiome and metabolome has revealed the mechanism and functionality of microbiome in human health and ***,metabo-lomics data are very ***/pretreating and normalizing procedures on metabolomics data are usually required before statistical *** this review article,we comprehensively review various methods that are used to preprocess and pretreat metabolo-mics data,including MS-based data and NMR-based data preprocessing,dealing with zero and/or missing values and detecting outliers,data normalization,data centering and scaling,data *** discuss the advantages and limitations of each *** choice for a suitable preprocessing method is determined by the biological hypothesis,the characteristics of the data set,and the selected statistical data analysis *** then provide the perspective of their applications in the microbiome and metabolome research.

关键词： Data centering and scaling Data normalization Data transformation Missing values MS-Baseddata preprocessing NMRData preprocessing Outliers Preprocessing/pretreatment

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Passivity-Based Stabilization for Switched Stochastic Nonlinear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1307-1309页

作者： Yaowei sun jun Zhao School of Automation Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046 Henan Key Laboratory of General Aviation Technology Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450046China College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Dear Editor,This letter addresses the passivity-based mean square exponential stabilization problem for switched stochastic nonlinear systems.A concept of generalized small-time norm-observability is presented and an appropriate test condition is also *** pre-given passivity rate and average dwell time,a set of feedback controllers is designed by use of the passivity property.

关键词： property letter stabilization

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Metabolites and micronutrition in modulating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1183-1184页

作者： Katerina Claud jun sun Department of Medicine University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoILUSA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago ChicagoILUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative *** majority of ALS cases are sporadic with only about 20%of familial *** in families with genetic predisposition,there is significant phenotypic va... 详细信息

关键词： sclerosis amyotrophic cases

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Formation estimation and evolution mechanism of the pressure arch for non-circular tunnels under asymmetrical stress field

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2919-2938页

作者： sun ZhenYu ZHANG DingLi XU tong CHEN Xu Key Laboratory for Urban Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

The tunneling-induced stress redistribution is dependent on the tunnel shape and the in-situ stress field, and the previous arch characterization method based on the circumferential or maximum principal stresses is only suitable for the circular tunnels under the hydrostatic stress field. In this study, a unified characterization method of the pressure arch for non-circular tunnels under the arbitrary stress field is proposed. By comparing the variations of compressive stress in different directions due to excavation, the ratio of the most significant increase in compressive stress is presented to characterize the arch effect, and the corresponding numerical algorithm is given. Since the proposed method takes the stress element as the basic analytical model, it can be easily applied to various complex excavation situations. Thereafter, combined with the established folding catastrophic model, an objective and unified quantitative method of the pressure arch boundaries is given. Using the proposed method, the longitudinal evolution of the pressure arch is analyzed. According to the expansion rate of the arch boundaries, three evolution stages including the initial formation, rapid expansion and stabilization are categorized. Parametric studies are conducted to illustrate the effect of ground properties and support stiffness on the pressure arch formation. It is found that the ground strength parameters and burial depth affect the arch range at a decreasing rate, while they have little effect on the arch shape. The lateral pressure coefficient has a significant effect on both the shape and range of the pressure arch. Increasing the support stiffness helps reduce the pressure arch range with a decreasing rate, while the synchronous variation of the elastic moduli of the surrounding rock and support does not affect the arch range under a certain relative elastic modulus. Finally, field monitoring is conducted to validate the proposed method in actual support design.

关键词： pressure arch stress redistribution numerical simulation quantitative characterization longitudinal evolution parametric study

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Optimization of confined aquifer dewatering for long-deep excavation using simulation–optimization method

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Underground Space 2024年第4期17卷 246-266页

作者： Yanxiao sun Zhenxiong Jiang Liyuan tong Jiawei sun Jia Cui Xin Zhou Songyu Liu Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Nanjing Modern Multimodal Transportation Laboratory Nanjing 211100China Jiangsu Provincial Transportation Construction Bureau Nanjing 210004China

The confined aquifer dewatering for long-deep excavations usually encounters challenges due to complicated geotechnical conditions,large excavation sizes,and high hydraulic *** propose the most efficient scheme of confined aquifer dewatering for long-deep excavations,dewatering optimizations were performed using the simulation–optimization *** open cut tunnel of the Jiangyin-Jingjiang Yangtze River Tunnel Project was taken as an *** methods of finite element and linear programming(LP)were combined to optimize the dewatering process.A three-dimensional finite element model was *** simulating the pumping tests,hydraulic conductivity was ***,necessary parameters in the LP method were determined by simulating dewatering with each pumping well,and various LP models were developed based on some important influence factors such as dewatering sequence,considered pumping wells,and pumping rate ***,the optimal pumping rates were solved and applied to the numerical model,with induced drawdown and ground settlement computed for *** results indicate that the optimization can significantly reduce the required wells in the original *** in the deepest zone exhibits the highest efficiency for long-deep excavations with gradually varying *** the dewatering sequence from the shallowest to the deepest zone,more pumping wells are required but less energy is *** quantity and more advantageous locations of pumping wells in the LP model usually result in lower total pumping rate,drawdown,and ground *** more pumping wells are considered in the deepest zone,pumping rate limitation of single well will only slightly increase the total pumping rate,number of required pumping wells,drawdown,and ground settlement.

关键词： Dewatering Confined aquifer Simulation-optimization Linear programming Open cut tunnel

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Implications of T cell-mediated tumor killing genes for molecular heterogeneity and clinical stratification in lung adenocarcinoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 39-41页

作者： tong Qiao Beining Yin jun Liang Li Wei Department of Thoracic Surgery Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China Reproductive Medicine Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450052China Department of Breast Surgery Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China

Due to the profound heterogeneity exhibited amongst patients with lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),considerable variances in clinical efficacy emerge.1 For the aims of precision medicine,a clinical instrument to delineate distinct disease phenotypes and anticipate susceptibility to intervention is *** cytotoxicity mediated through T lymphocytes constitutes a pivotal mechanism of anti-tumoral immunity and the foundation for cancer immunotherapy.?Numerous genes regulating the sensitivity of tumor cells to killing mediated by T lymphocytes(GSTKKs)are conducive to satisfying the aforesaid medical necessity.

关键词： clinical mediated adenocarcinoma

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