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MoFLP1,encoding a novel fungal fasciclin-like protein,is involved in conidiation and pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第6期10卷 434-444页

作者： tong-bao liu Guo-qing CHEN Hang MIN Fu-cheng LIN State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology Biotechnology Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Fasciclin family proteins have been identified as cell adhesion molecules in various organisms. In this study, a novel Magnaporthe oryzae fasciclin-like protein encoding gene, named MoFLP1, was isolated from a subtractive suppressive cDNA library and functionally analyzed. Sequence analysis showed that the MoFLP1 gene contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 1050 nucleotides encoding 349 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 35.85 kDa and a pI of 7.76. The deduced MoFLP1 protein contains a 17-amino acid secretion signal sequence and an 18-amino acid sequence with the characteristics of a glycosylphosphotidylinositol (GPI) anchor additional signal at its N- and C-terminuses, respectively. Potential N-glycosylation sites and domains involving cell adhesion were also identified in MoFLP1. Sequence analysis and subcellular localization by the expression of MoFLP1-GFP fusion construct in M. oryzae indicated that the MoFLP1 protein is probably localized on the vacuole membrane. Two MoFLP1 null mutants generated by targeted gene disruption exhibited marked reduction of conidiation, conidial adhesion, appressorium turgor, and pathogenicity. Our results indicate that fasciclin proteins play important roles in fungal de-velopment and pathogenicity in M. oryzae.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae Fasciclin MoFLP1 Cellular localization Conidiation Pathogenicity

A simple and effective method for total RNA isolation of appressoria in Magnaporthe oryzae

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 811-817页

作者： tong-bao liu Jian-ping LU Xiao-hong liu Hang MIN Fu-cheng LIN State Key Laboratory for Riee Biology Biotechnology Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Appressorium formation is an important event in establishing a successful interaction between the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, and its host plant, rice. An understanding of molecular events occurring in appressorium differentiation will give new strategies to control rice blast. A quick and reliable method to extract total RNA from appressorium is essential for studying gene expression during appressorium formation and its mechanism. We found that duplicate film is an efficient substratum for appressorium formation, even when inoculated with high density conidia. When inoculated with conidia at 1 × 106 ml^-1, the percentages of conidium germination and appressorium formation were （97.98±0.67）% and （97.88±0.45）%, respectively. We applied Trizol before appressorium collection for total RNA isolation, and as much as 113.6 lag total RNA was isolated from the mature appressoria at 24 h after inoculation. Functional analysis of two genes, MNH6 and MgATG1, isolated from the cDNA subtractive library, revealed that the quantity of RNA was good enough to construct a cDNA （complementary DNA） library or a cDNA subtractive library. This method may be also applicable for the appressorium RNA isolation of other pathogenic fungi in which conidia differentiate into appressoria in the early stages of host infection.

关键词： Appressorium Magnaporthe oryzae RNA isolation

This is your brain on Cryptococcus: Pathogenic fungus loves your brain sugar

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This is your brain on Cryptococcus: Pathogenic fungus loves ...

The F-Box protein Fbp1 is a novel virulence factor that shapes the immunogenic potential of Cryptococcus neoformans

多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： tong-bao liu State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University

Cryptococcus neoformans is a basidiomycetous yeast pathogen that often infects the human central nervous system（CNS） to cause meningitis, resulting in over 600 000 deaths worldwide annually. Recent studies reveal that myo-inositol is an important factor for fungal sexual reproduction. That C. neoformans can utilize myo-inositol as a sole carbon source and the existence of abundant inositol in the human central nervous system suggest that inositol is important for Cryptococcus development and virulence. In accord with this central importance of inositol, a total of 10 or more myo-inositol transporter（ITR） genes have been identified in ***. These inositol transporter genes are differentially expressed under inositol-inducing conditions based on quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Expression of ITR genes in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae itr1 itr2 mutant lacking inositol transport can complement the slow-growth phenotype of this strain, confirming that ITR genes are bona fide inositol transporters. Gene mutagenesis studies reveal that the Itr1 and Itr1 A transporters are important for myo-inositol stimulation of mating and that functional redundancies among the myo-inositol transporters likely exist. Deletion of the inositol 1-phosphate synthase gene INO1 in an itr1 or itr1 a mutant background compromised virulence in a murine inhalation model, indicating the importance of inositol sensing and acquisition for fungal infectivity. We also found that inositol plays an important role in Cryptococcus traversal across the blood-brain barrier（BBB） both in an in vitro human BBB model and in in vivo animal models. The capacity of inositol to stimulate BBB crossing was dependent upon fungal inositol transporters, indicated by a70% reduction in transmigration efficiency in mutant strains lacking two major inositol transporters, Itr1 a and Itr3 c. In addition, inositol increased the production of hyaluronic acid in Cryptococcus cells, which is a ligand known to binding host

关键词： Cryptococcus neoformans Inositol Inositol transporters Mating Virulence Blood-brain barrier

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The F-Box protein Fbp1 is a novel virulence factor that shap...

Highly efficient nitrogen fixation over S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced active hydrogen supply

中国菌物学会2018年学术年会

作者： tong-bao liu The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University

Cryptococcus neoformans is a globally distributed human fungal pathogen that often causes fatal fungal meningitis in immunocomprised patients. Although it is well appreciated that host immune responses are crucial for defense against cryptococcosis, our understanding of factors that control the development of effective immunity to this fungus remains incomplete. In this study, we identified the F-box protein Fbp1 as a novel determinant for fungal sporulation and virulence in C. neoformans. Further study revealed that the hypovirulence of the fbp1Δ mutant is linked to the development of a robust host immune response. Infection with the fbp1Δmutant induces a rapid influx of CCR2 monocytes and their differentiation into monocyte-derived dendritic cells（mo-DCs）. Depletion of CCR2 monocytes and their derivative mo-DCs resulted in impaired activation of a protective inflammatory response and the rapid death of mice infected with the fbp1Δ mutant. Mice lacking B and T cells also developed fungal meningitis and succumbed to infection with the fbp1Δ mutant, demonstrating that adaptive immune responses to the fbp1Δ mutant help to maintain the long-term survival of the host. Adaptive immune responses to the fbp1Δ mutant were characterized by enhanced differentiation of Th1 and Th17 CD4 T cells together with diminished Th2 responses compared to the H99 parental strain. Importantly, we found that the enhanced immunogenicity of fbp1Δ mutant yeast cells can be harnessed to confer protection against a subsequent infection with the virulent H99 parental strain. Altogether, our findings suggest that Fbp1 functions as a novel virulence factor that shapes the immunogenicity of C. neoformans.

关键词： Cryptococcus neoformans Fbp1 Sexual reproduction T cells Immunization Monocytes

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 315-325页

作者： tong bao Yamin Xi Chaoqi Zhang Peiyang Du Yitong Xiang Jiaxin Li Ling Yuan Chengzhong Yu Chao liu School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland

Photocatalytic N2fixation is a promising strategy for ammonia（NH3） synthesis;however,it suffers from relatively low ammonia yield due to the difficulty in the design of photocatalysts with both high charge transfer efficiency and desirable N2adsorption/activation ***,an S-scheme CoSx/ZnS heterojunction with dual active sites is designed as an efficient N2fixation *** CoSx/ZnS heterojunction exhibits a unique pocket-like nanostructure with small ZnS nanocrystals adhered on a single-hole CoSxhollow *** the heterojunction,the ele ctronic interaction between ZnS and CoSxcreates electron-deficient Zn sites with enhanced N2chemisorption and electron-sufficient Co sites with active hydrogen supply for N2hydrogenation,cooperatively reducing the energy barrier for *** combination with the promoted photogenerated electron-hole separation of the S-scheme heterojunction and facilitated mass transfer by the pocket-like nanostructure,an excellent N2fixation performance with a high NH3yield of 1175.37 μmol g-1h-1is *** study provides new insights into the design of hetero junction photocatalysts for N2fixation.

关键词： photocatalysis nitrogen fixation S-scheme heterojunction active hydrogen ammonia

Upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing performance of Er^(3+) ions doped self-activated KYb(MoO_(4))_(2) phosphors

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1507-1513,I0004页

作者： Ye tong Wenpeng liu Shoujun Ding School of Microelectronics and Data Science Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan243002China Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei230037China Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei230031China

In this work,a series of self-activated KYb(MoO_(4))_(2) phosphors with various x at% Er^(3+) doping concentrations(x=0.5,1,3,5,8,10,15) was synthesized by the solid-state reaction *** phase structure of the as-prepared samples was analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),XRD Rietveld refinement and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) *** as-prepared samples retain the orthorhombic structure with space group of Pbcn even Er^(3+) doping concentration up to 15 at%.High-purity upconversion(UC) green emission with green to red intensity ratio of 55 is observed from the as-prepared samples upon the excitation of 980 nm semiconductor laser and the optimum doping concentration of Er^(3+) ions in the self-activated KYb(MoO_(4))_(2) host is revealed as 3 at%.The strong green UC emission is confirmed as a two-photon process based on the power-dependent UC *** addition,the fluorescence intensity ratios(FIRs) of the two thermally-coupled energy levels,namely ^(2)H_(11/2) and ^(4)S_(3/2).of Er^(3+) ions were investigated in the temperature region 300-570 K to evaluate the optical temperature sensor behavior of the *** maximum relative sensitivity(S_(R)) is determined to be 0.0069 K^(-1) at300 K and the absolute sensitivity(S_(A)) is determined to be 0.0126 K^(-1) at 300 *** S_(A) of self-activated KYb(MoO_(4))2:Er^(3+)is almost twice that of traditional KY(MoO_(4))2:Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)codoping *** results demonstrate that Er^(3+) ions doped self-activated KYb(MoO_(4))2 phosphor has promising application in visible display,trademark security and optical temperature sensors.

关键词： Er^(3+)ions doped KYb(MoO_(4))_(2) Self-activated phosphors Upconversion luminescence Solid-state reaction method Optical temperature sensors Rare earths

Advancements in Humanoid Robots: A Comprehensive Review and Future Prospects

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 301-328页

作者： Yuchuang tong Haotian liu Zhengtao Zhang IEEE CAS Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Industrial Vision Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status, advancements, and future prospects of humanoid robots, highlighting their significance in driving the evolution of next-generation industries. By analyzing various research endeavors and key technologies, encompassing ontology structure,control and decision-making, and perception and interaction, a holistic overview of the current state of humanoid robot research is presented. Furthermore, emerging challenges in the field are identified, emphasizing the necessity for a deeper understanding of biological motion mechanisms, improved structural design,enhanced material applications, advanced drive and control methods, and efficient energy utilization. The integration of bionics, brain-inspired intelligence, mechanics, and control is underscored as a promising direction for the development of advanced humanoid robotic systems. This paper serves as an invaluable resource, offering insightful guidance to researchers in the field,while contributing to the ongoing evolution and potential of humanoid robots across diverse domains.

关键词： Future trends and challenges humanoid robots human-robot interaction key technologies potential applications

F-box protein Cdc4 regulates sexual reproduction and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans

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F-box protein Cdc4 regulates sexual reproduction and virulen...

Highly efficient and stable 2D/3D perovskite solar cells based on surface reconstruction and energy level alignment

多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： Ting WU tong-bao liu The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University

Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitous encapsuled fungal pathogen which can infect immunocompromised people, especially AIDS patients, to cause meningitis. C. neoformans CDC4 encoding the F-box protein for the substrate specificity of the Skp1-cullin-F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is a common member of F-box proteins. In this study, we were using qRT-PCR, fluorescence localization, gene knockout to tentatively analyzed the function of Cdc4 protein in C. neoformans. We constructed PCDC4-mCherry and GFP-Cdc4 fluorescent strains to analyze the temporal and spatial expression patterns of Cryptococcus neoformans CDC4, and the results showed that CDC4 was expressed in all developmental stages of C. neoformans, and localized in the nucleus and membrane of the cells. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of CDC4 increased at the early stage of mating and then decreased. Of note, Cdc4 was found to be essential for fungal sexual reproduction as basidiospore production was blocked in bilateral mating between cdc4Δ mutants. Cdc4 is also important for fungal virulence as cdc4Δ mutants were avirulent in a murine systemic-infection ***, our study showed that Ccd4 plays an essential role in the sexual reproduction and the virulence in ***.

关键词： Cryptococcus neoformans F-box proteins Cdc4 Sexual reproduction Virulence

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3083-3090页

作者： Qiaohui Li Hang liu tong Zhou Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-PlasticsQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Institute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Realizing simultaneous adjustment of energy levels and work functions in two-dimensional/three-dimensional(2D/3D)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)is a ***,a pseudohalide 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzylammonium tetrafluoroborate(TFPMABF_(4))was used to react with unreacted Pb I2on the surface of 3D bulky perovskite to form a mixed halide of 2D perovskite denoted(TF-PMA)_(2)FA_(2)Pb_(3)I_(8)(BF_(4))_(2).This novel 2D/3D perovskite enables the simultaneous adjustment of energy levels and work functions on the surface of active *** to the significantly enhanced quality of 2D/3D perovskite film,decreased surface defects and increased charge carrier lifetime,the 2D/3D PSCs exhibit an outstanding power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.15%and a high V_(OC)of 1.194 ***,2D/3D PSCs exhibit remarkable enhancements in environmental stability,unencapsulated devices retaining more than 90%of their initial PCE at 50%humidity for 2,280 h.

关键词： 2D/3D perovskite perovskite solar cells organic spacers energy levels alignment