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Review of the research on the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 46-53页

作者： Ruiqi xie Zhihui Zhao Xiong tong Xian xie Qiang Song Peiqiang Fan Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Metal Tailings Resource Utilization Kunming650093China

Since the demands for lithium have been in explosive growth recently and several great clay lithium resources were founded in China,the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources become a hot topic.In order to provide a guidance for the concentration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources,this review systematically summarized the main types and characteristics of clay-type lithium resources and the research status of lithium extraction from clay lithium resources.Meanwhile,the flotation research status of the main mineral of clay lithium ore was also summarized.Furthermore,we discussed the difficulties in the development and utilization of clay-type lithium ore and put forward the subsequent research orientation.This paper can provide a guidance for the con-centration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources in the future.

关键词： Clay lithium Clay mineral flotation Lithium extraction Leaching

Refined acoustic holography via nonlocal metasurfaces

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 113-123页

作者： Shuhuan xie Hongyu Ma Junmei Cao Fangshuo Mo Qian Cheng Yong Li tong Hao Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Center for Spatial Information Science and Sustainable Development Applications Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Holography can provide the desired wavefront phase and/or amplitude for imaging,particle manipulation,bacteria trapping,and cell patterning in optics and acoustics.However,previous work on acoustic holography is mostly based on local design optimization,either using active control of the sound source or relying on the structural design to provide the desired wavefront.Achieving precise control over the acoustic field remains a significant challenge.Here,we realize refined single-plane symmetric binary amplitude,asymmetric intensity gradient amplitude,and bi-objective hologram through the non-local holographic imaging theory that considers the acoustic coupling of structural units in detail.By taking into account the self-radiation and mutual radiation between many small units on a plate of well-designed thickness,as well as the transmission through the plate's apertures,we can effectively regulate the sound field behind the plate.We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through numerical simulations and experiments,showcasing a circle,a black hole,and a bi-objective with a circle and a square hologram.Notably,the acoustic black hole hologram precisely reconstructs the intensity gradient distribution at two bright spots.This non-local holographic imaging theory is valuable for the fine-intensity regulation of the sound field and is expected to be applied in ultrasound diagnosis and treatment,medical imaging,and other fields.

关键词： acoustic holograms non-local interactions fine intensity modulation acoustic metasurfaces

Design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of novel chrysin derivatives as poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第5期22卷 455-465页

作者： YANG Yao tong Jing xie Xianshun CAO Hong FU Yong LUO Yong LIU Shan CHEN Wen YANG Ning Hengyang Medical School University of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Emergency Department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hengyang Medical School The Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hemato-oncology Department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China

In this study,we reported the discovery and structure-activity relationship analysis of chrysin derivatives as a new class of inhibitors targeting poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1).Among these derivatives,compound 5d emerged as the most effective chrysin-based inhibitor of PARP1,with an IC50 value of 108 nmol·L^(-1).This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines HCC-1937 and MDA-MB-436 by inducing DNA damage.Furthermore,5d induced apoptosis and caused an extended G1/S-phase in these cell lines.Molecular docking studies revealed that 5d possesses a strong binding affinity toward PARP1.In vivo,in a xenograft model,5d effectively reduced tumor growth by downregulating PARP1 expression.Overall,compound 5d shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of BRCA wild-type breast cancer.

关键词： Chrysin derivatives PARP1 Antitumor DNA damage Small molecules

Disulfide bridge-targeted metabolome mining unravels an antiparkinsonian peptide

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 881-892页

作者： Zhiwu tong Xiahong xie Huiming Ge Ruihua Jiao Tingting Wang Xincun Wang Wenying Zhuang Gang Hu Renxiang Tan State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Peptides are a particular molecule class with inherent attributes of some small-molecule drugs and macromolecular biologics,thereby inspiring continuous searches for peptides with therapeutic and/or agrochemical potentials.However,the success rate is decreasing,presumably because many interesting but less-abundant peptides are so scarce or labile that they are likely‘overlooked’during the characterization effort.Here,we present the biochemical characterization and druggability improvement of an unprecedented minor fungal RiPP(ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide),named acalitide,by taking the relevant advantages of metabolomics approach and disulfide-bridged substructure which is more frequently imprinted in the marketed peptide drug molecules.Acalitide is biosynthetically unique in the macrotricyclization via two disulfide bridges and a protease(AcaB)-catalyzed lactamization of AcaA,an unprecedented precursor peptide.Such a biosynthetic logic was successfully re-edited for its sample supply renewal to facilitate the identification of the in vitro and in vivo antiparkinsonian efficacy of acalitide which was further confirmed safe and rendered brain-targetable by the liposome encapsulation strategy.Taken together,the work updates the mining strategy and biosynthetic complexity of RiPPs to unravel an antiparkinsonian drug candidate valuable for combating Parkinson’s disease that is globally prevailing in an alarming manner.

关键词： Fungal RiPPs Biosynthesis Macrocyclic peptide Acalitide Antiparkinsonian

Graphene effectively activating "dead" water molecules between manganese dioxide layers in potassium-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 306-315,I0008页

作者： Xinhai Wang Wensheng Yang Shengshang Lu Shangshu Peng tong Guo Quan xie Qingquan Xiao Yunjun Ruan Institute of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Technology College of Big Data and Information EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina

Aqueous potassium-ion batteries(APIBs),recognized as safe and reliable new energy devices,are considered as one of the alternatives to traditional batteries.Layered MnO_(2),serving as the main cathode,exhibits a lower specific capacity in aqueous electrolytes compared to organic systems and operates through a different reaction mechanism.The application of highly conductive graphene may effectively enhance the capacity of APIBs but could complicate the potassium storage environment.In this study,a MnO_(2) cathode pre-intercalated with K~+ions and grown on graphene(KMO@rGO) was developed using the microwave hydrothermal method for APIBs.KMO@rGO achieved a specific capacity of 90 mA h g^(-1) at a current density of 0.1 A g^(-1),maintaining a capacity retention rate of>90% after 5000 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).In-situ and exsitu characterization techniques revealed the energy-storage mechanism of KMO@rGO:layered MnO_(2)traps a large amount of "dead" water molecules during K~+ions removal.However,the introduction of graphene enables these water molecules to escape during K~+ ions insertion at the cathode.The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and density functional theory confirmed that KMO@rGO has a higher K~+ions migration rate than MnO_(2).Therefore,the capacity of this cathode depends on the interaction between dead water and K~+ions during the energy-storage reaction.The optimal structural alignment between layered MnO_(2) and graphene allows electrons to easily flow into the external circuit.Rapid charge compensation forces numerous low-solvent K~+ions to displace interlayer dead water,enhancing the capacity.This unique reaction mechanism is unprecedented in other aqueous battery studies.

关键词： Graphene K-ion batteries Mn-based layered oxide Water molecules Density functional theory

UAV-Assisted Dynamic Avatar Task Migration for Vehicular Metaverse Services: A Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 430-445页

作者： Jiawen Kang Junlong Chen Minrui Xu Zehui Xiong Yutao Jiao Luchao Han Dusit Niyato Yongju tong Shengli xie IEEE School of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China 111 Center for Intelligent Batch Manufacturing based on IoT Technology Guangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and IoT in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology Guangzhou 510006China

Avatars, as promising digital representations and service assistants of users in Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse themselves in 3D virtual services and spaces of UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses. However, avatar tasks include a multitude of human-to-avatar and avatar-to-avatar interactive applications, e.g., augmented reality navigation,which consumes intensive computing resources. It is inefficient and impractical for vehicles to process avatar tasks locally. Fortunately, migrating avatar tasks to the nearest roadside units(RSU)or unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) for execution is a promising solution to decrease computation overhead and reduce task processing latency, while the high mobility of vehicles brings challenges for vehicles to independently perform avatar migration decisions depending on current and future vehicle status. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel avatar task migration system based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(MADRL) to execute immersive vehicular avatar tasks dynamically. Specifically, we first formulate the problem of avatar task migration from vehicles to RSUs/UAVs as a partially observable Markov decision process that can be solved by MADRL algorithms. We then design the multi-agent proximal policy optimization(MAPPO) approach as the MADRL algorithm for the avatar task migration problem. To overcome slow convergence resulting from the curse of dimensionality and non-stationary issues caused by shared parameters in MAPPO, we further propose a transformer-based MAPPO approach via sequential decision-making models for the efficient representation of relationships among agents. Finally, to motivate terrestrial or non-terrestrial edge servers(e.g., RSUs or UAVs) to share computation resources and ensure traceability of the sharing records, we apply smart contracts and blockchain technologies to achieve secure sharing management. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the MAPPO approach by around 2% and

关键词： Avatar blockchain metaverses multi-agent deep reinforcement learning transformer UAVs

Efficiency of a Modular Cleanroom for Space Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 547-562页

作者： Matthew R.Coburn Charlie Young Chris Smith Graham Schultz Miguel Robayo Zheng-tong xie Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Plastron UK Ltd. Westcott Venture ParkWestcottHP180XBUK Renewable Energy Group University of ExeterExeterTR109FEUK

A prototype cleanroom for hazardous testing and handling of satellites prior to launcher encapsulation,satisfying the ISO8 standard has been designed and analyzed in terms of performances.Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)models have been used to study the related flow field and particulate matter(PM)dispersion.The outcomes of the URANS models have been validated through comparison with equivalent large-eddy simulations.Special attention has been paid to the location and shape of the air intakes and their orientation in space,in order to balance the PM convection and diffusion inside the cleanroom.Forming a cyclone-type flow pattern inside the cleanroom is a key to maintaining a high ventilation efficiency.

关键词： Diffuser LES PM RANS unsteady flow exponential decay

Demethylase-assisted site-specific detection of N^(1)-methyladenosine in RNA

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 397-401页

作者： Jun Xiong Ke-Ke Chen Neng-Bin xie Wei Chen Wen-Xuan Shao tong-tong Ji Si-Yu Yu Yu-Qi Feng Bi-Feng Yuan College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversitySchool of Public HealthWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Laboratory Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China

The dynamic RNA modifications have been viewed as new posttranscriptional regulator in modulating gene expression as well as in a broad range of physiological processes.N^(1)-methyladenosine(m^(1)A)is one of the most prevalent modifications existing in multiple types of RNAs.In-depth investigation of the functions of m^(1)A requires the site-specific assessment of m^(1)A stoichiometry in RNA.Herein,we established a demethylase-assisted method(DA-m^(1)A)for the site-specific detection and quantification of m^(1)A in RNA.N^(1)-methyl group in m^(1)A could result in the stalling of reverse transcription at m^(1)A site,thus producing the truncated cDNA.E.coli AlkB is a demethylase that can demethylate m^(1)A to produce adenine in RNA,thus generating full-length cDNA from AlkB-treated RNA.Evaluation of the produced amounts of full-length cDNA by quantitative real-time PCR can achieve the site-specific detection and quantification of m^(1)A in RNA.With the DA-m^(1)A method,we examined and successfully confirmed the previously well-characterized m^(1)A sites in various types of RNAs with low false positive rate.In addition,we found that the level of m^(1)A was significantly decreased at the bromodomain containing 2(BRD2)mRNA position 1674 and CST telomere replication complex component 1(CTC1)mRNA position 5643 in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.The results suggest that these two m^(1)A sites in mRNA may be involved in liver tumorigenesis.Taken together,the DA-m^(1)A method is simple and enables the rapid,cost-effective,and site-specific detection and quantification of m^(1)A in RNA,which provides a valuable tool to decipher the functions of m^(1)A in human diseases.

关键词： N^(1)-methyladenosine RNA modification AlkB demethylase RNA epigenetics Quantitative real-time PCR Hepatocellular carcinoma

Development and validation of a model integrating clinical and coronary lesion-based functional assessment for longterm risk prediction in PCI patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第1期21卷 44-63页

作者： Shao-Yu WU Rui ZHANG Sheng YUAN Zhong-Xing CAI Chang-Dong GUAN tong-Qiang ZOU Li-Hua xie Ke-Fei DOU State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease BeijingChina Cardiometabolic Medicine Center Fu Wai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Catheterization Laboratories Fu Wai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Fu Wai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

OBJECTIVES To establish a scoring system combining the ACEF score and the quantitative blood flow ratio(QFR) to improve the long-term risk prediction of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS In this population-based cohort study, a total of 46 features, including patient clinical and coronary lesion characteristics, were assessed for analysis through machine learning models. The ACEF-QFR scoring system was developed using 1263consecutive cases of CAD patients after PCI in PANDA Ⅲ trial database. The newly developed score was then validated on the other remaining 542 patients in the cohort.RESULTS In both the Random Forest Model and the Deep Surv Model, age, renal function(creatinine), cardiac function(LVEF)and post-PCI coronary physiological index(QFR) were identified and confirmed to be significant predictive factors for 2-year adverse cardiac events. The ACEF-QFR score was constructed based on the developmental dataset and computed as age(years)/EF(%) + 1(if creatinine ≥ 2.0 mg/d L) + 1(if post-PCI QFR ≤ 0.92). The performance of the ACEF-QFR scoring system was preliminarily evaluated in the developmental dataset, and then further explored in the validation dataset. The ACEF-QFR score showed superior discrimination(C-statistic = 0.651;95% CI: 0.611-0.691, P < 0.05 versus post-PCI physiological index and other commonly used risk scores) and excellent calibration(Hosmer–Lemeshow χ^(2)= 7.070;P = 0.529) for predicting 2-year patient-oriented composite endpoint(POCE). The good prognostic value of the ACEF-QFR score was further validated by multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis(adjusted HR = 1.89;95% CI: 1.18–3.04;log-rank P < 0.01) after stratified the patients into high-risk group and low-risk group.CONCLUSIONS An improved scoring system combining clinical and coronary lesion-based functional variables(ACEF-QFR)was developed, and its ability for prognostic prediction in patients with PCI was further validated to be significantly better than the post-PCI physiological

关键词： patients coronary prediction