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Relative importance of biological and human-associated factors for alien plant invasions in Hokkaido, Japan

Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 673-681页

作者： Chika Egawa Takeshi Osawa tomoko nishida Yasuto Furukawa Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences National Agriculture and Food Research Organization3-1-3 KannondaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8604Japan Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University1-1 Minami-OsawaHachiojiTokyo 192-0397Japan Headquarters National Agriculture and Food Research Organization3-1-1 KannondaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-4517Japan Rakuno Gakuen University 582 Bunkyodai-MidorimachiEbetsuHokkaido 069-8501Japan

Aims The invasion success of alien plants is strongly affected by both biological and human-associated *** of the rela-tive contribution of each factor is important not only for the further understanding of invasion processes but also for the better manage-ment of invasion risk,particularly in protected areas of high con-servation ***,we quantified the relative importance of species biological traits and association with a human activity,***,in explaining the invasion success of alien plants across the entire region and in protected areas in Hokkaido,*** As a quantitative measure of invasion success,the distribution ex-tent of naturalized populations across the entire prefecture and in protected areas was calculated for 63 alien species with equal residence time based on species occurrence records at a spatial resolution of 5-km mesh grid *** each species,we identi-fied seven biological traits(seed mass,dispersal mode,maximum plant height,capability of vegetative reproduction,flowering start time and period and life span)and two human-associated factors(introduction purpose and cultivation frequency for agricultural use).Cultivation frequency was determined based on the frequency of seed-sowing in pastures:(1)not sown,(2)accidentally sown as a seed contaminant and(3)intentionally sown for commercial *** importance of biological traits and human-associated factors in explaining the distribution extent was determined using an information-theoretic *** Findings In explaining the distribution extent across the entire prefecture,species biological traits and human-associated factors showed comparable importance;cultivation frequency exhibited the high-est importance value closely followed by seed mass,maximum height and flowering *** contrast,when focusing on pro-tected areas,human association was more important than bio-logical traits,as indicated by the greatest importance of cultiva

关键词： agricultural use biological invasion distribution nature reserve pasture plants

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MICROFLORA CHANGE DURING COMPOSTING OF AQUATIC PLANTS

MICROFLORA CHANGE DURING COMPOSTING OF AQUATIC PLANTS

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第二届中日化工学术研讨会

作者： TAKEHISA nishida tomoko FUJIMURA TAKESHI OMASA YOSHIO KATAKURA KENICHI SUGA SUTEAKI SHIOYA Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1 Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1 Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1 Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1 Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1 Department of Biochemical Engineering Osaka University Suita 2-1

＜正＞ For the effective recycling of aquatic plants, we investigated the composting process of the aquatic plants. Total RNA was extracted from the compost and the change in microflora was monitored by the temperature gradient gel electrophoresis （TGGE） of the DNA fragments amplified from 16S ribosomal RNAs by reverse transcription PCR. Decrease in the cellulose content in the compost of the aquatic plants was found to be faster than that of other wastes. During the phase when the specific activity of cellulase was high, the decrease in the cellulose content was fast. In the TGGE analysis, a few bands that change in intensities relates to that of the specific activity of cellulase were found. The bacteria that give the bands were isolated and identified to be Bacillus based on the DNA sequences of the 16S rRNAs. For the effective composting process, we examined the use of composted materials as a seed. When the resultant compost was used as a seed for the next composting, microflora was affected and the decrease in the cellulose content in the second composting occurred faster than that of the first composting.

关键词： Composting 16S rRNA TGGE cellulase decomposition aquatic plant

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The Interactive Effect of Soy Isoflavones with Docosahexaenoic Acid on Intelligence among the Middle-Aged and Elderly Japanese

The Interactive Effect of Soy Isoflavones with Docosahexaeno...

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The 8th Asia/Oceania Regional Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics

作者： Fujiko Ando Yukiko nishida tomoko Imai Chikako Tange Yasuyuki Fukukawa Hiroshi Shimokata National Institute for Longevity Sciences National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology National Institute for Longevity Sciences National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology National Institute for Longevity Sciences National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology National Institute for Longevity Sciences National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Seitoku University National Institute for Longevity Sciences National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology

＜正＞Purpose:Docosahexaenoic acid（DHA）,one of polyunsaturated fatty acid derived mainly from fish oil plays an important role for neuronal ***,it is chemically unstable and easily *** isoflavones may enhance the ef...

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