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The Relationships among Perception of Body Image, a Desire for Thinness, and Dieting Behavior in Young Females in Japan

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Health 2015年第1期7卷 112-118页

作者： tomoki mase Chiemi Miyawaki Kumiko Ohara Harunobu Nakamura Department of Childhood Education Kyoto Seibo College Kyoto Japan Department of Early Childhood Education Heian Jogakuin (St. Agnes’) College Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University Kobe Japan Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among body image perceptions, a desire for thinness, and dieting behavior in young females in Japan. The subjects were 302 Japanese female university students (age 19.9 ± 1.4 years). An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted between July and August 2011. The questionnaire clarified the subjects’ physical status, perception about personal body shape, desired body shape, the time frame when they first thought about body shape dieting, exercise habits, and eating behaviors. The results revealed that many of the underweight or normal weight subjects perceived themselves as obese, and often the reasons for the perception of obesity were comparisons with others or with themselves in the past. The scores of EAT-26 in those who perceived themselves as obese were higher than the scores in those who did not. Those who perceived themselves as obese had a desire to become slim, were concerned about body shape at an early age, were concerned about dieting, had dieting experience, and were willing to increase daily exercise. These results indicated that incorrect perceptions about body shape have connection to a desire for thinness and dieting behavior.

关键词： Female Students Perception of Body Shape Dieting Eating Behavior Desire for Thinness

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Relationship among Eating Behavior, Effortful Control, and Working Memory in Female Young Adults

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Health 2016年第12期8卷 1187-1194页

作者： Katsumasa Momoi Kumiko Ohara Yoshimitsu Okita tomoki mase Chiemi Miyawaki Tomoko Fujitani Harunobu Nakamura Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University Kobe Japan Faculty of Health and Welfare Tokushima Bunri University Tokushima Japan Graduate School of Engineering Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Japan Faculty of Human Development and Education Kyoto Women’s University Kyoto Japan Department of Early Childhood Education Heian Jogakuin (St. Agnes’) College Kyoto Japan

The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants completed the questionnaire measures of effortful control and eating behaviors and Stroop cognitive interference task. The results showed that restrained eating was positively correlated with activation control;emotional eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory control and attentional control;external eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory, activation, and attentional control. The scores for activation control and restrained eating were higher for participants with a low Stroop error rate than for those with a high Stroop error rate. These results indicate that restrained eating has a different association with effortful control than doing emotional and external eating.

关键词： Executive Function Working Memory Effortful Control Eating Behavior

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Relationship between the Existence of Exercise Partners and Exercise Habits in University Students in Japan

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Health 2014年第16期6卷 2129-2134页

作者： Chiemi Miyawaki tomoki mase Kumiko Ohara Saori Okuno Yoshimitsu Okita Hiratoshi Kaneda Harunobu Nakamura Department of Childhood Education Kyoto Seibo College Kyoto Japan Department of Early Childhood Education Heian Jogakuin (St. Agnes’) College Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University Kobe Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Japan Human Sciences Research Center Osaka Electro-Communication University Shijonawate Japan

We investigated the relationships between the existence of exercise partners and exercise habits among Japanese university students. Subjects were 650 university students (539 males, 111 females;age range 18 - 27 years). They responded to an anonymous questionnaire asking about current and past exercise habits, preference for exercise (i.e., like or dislike of exercise), and the existence of one or more exercise partners. In the results, the existence of exercise partners had a significant association with exercise habits at each school stage in both genders. Exercise preference had a significant association with exercise habits during high school in both genders;during primary and middle school, however, this association was significant only in males. In males, exercise habits and the preference for exercising in high school affected current exercise habits. In females, only exercise habits in high school affected current exercise habits. Our results suggest that the existence of one or more exercise partners is important for the practice of exercise, as well as the preference for exercise. They also suggest that continuity of exercise habits is different between males and females.

关键词： Exercise Habits Exercise Partners Japanese Students Preference for Exercising

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