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Platelets in liver disease, cancer and regeneration

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3228-3239页

作者： tomohiro Kurokawa Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Department of Surgery Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba

Although viral hepatitis treatments have evolved over the years, the resultant liver cirrhosis still does not completely heal. Platelets contain proteins required for hemostasis, as well as many growth factors required for organ development, tissue regeneration and repair. Thrombocytopenia, which is frequently observed in patients with chronic liver disease(CLD) and cirrhosis, can manifest from decreased thrombopoietin production and accelerated platelet destruction caused by hypersplenism; however, the relationship between thrombocytopenia and hepatic pathogenesis, as well as the role of platelets in CLD, is poorly understood. In this paper, experimental evidence of platelets improving liver fibrosis and accelerating liver regeneration is summarized and addressed based on studies conducted in our laboratory and current progress reports from other investigators. In addition, we describe our current perspective based on the results of these studies. Platelets improve liver fibrosis by inactivating hepatic stellate cells, which decreases collagen production. The regenerative effect of platelets in the liver involves a direct effect on hepatocytes, a cooperative effect with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and a collaborative effect with Kupffer cells. Based on these observations, we ascertained the direct effect of platelet transfusion on improving several indicators of liver function in patients with CLD and liver cirrhosis. However, unlike the results of our previous clinical study, the smaller incremental changes in liver function in patients with CLD who received eltrombopag for 6 mo were due to patient selection from a heterogeneous population. We highlight the current knowledge concerning the role of platelets in CLD and cancer and anticipate a novel application of platelet-based clinical therapies to treat liver disease.

关键词： Platelet Liver cirrhosis Liver regeneration Cancer Thrombopoietin Thrombopoietin agonist Eltrombopag

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Attenuation and Distortion of Compression Waves Propagating in Very Long Tube

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第1期20卷 53-57页

作者： Shinya NAKAMURA Daisuke SASA Toshiyuki aoki Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityKasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan

A lot of phenomena related to propagating various waves are seen when the high-speed train goes through the tunnel,the gas pipeline is broken due to an accident or the air brake of the wagon *** instance,a compression wave generated ahead of a high-speed train entering a tunnel propagates to the tunnel exit and spouts as a micro pressure wave,which causes an exploding *** order to estimate the magnitude correctly,the mechanism of the attenuation and distortion of a compression wave propagating along a very long tunnel must be understood and the experimental information on these phenomena is *** experimental investigation is carried out to clarify the attenuation and distortion of the propagating compression wave in a very long *** results show that the strength of a compression wave decreases with *** attenuation and distortion of compression waves are affected by the initial waveform of the compression wave and by the unsteady boundary layer induced by the propagating *** shape of a compression wave becomes different with the propagating distance;that is,a shock wave appears just head of a wavefront and an overshoot on pressure distribution is observed behind a shock wave due to the transition of the unsteady boundary layer.

关键词： Propagating Compression Wave Very Long Tube Micro-pressure Wave High-Speed Train

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Effects of reduction on the catalytic performance of limonite ore

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1489-1495页

作者： Keisuke Abe Ade Kurniawan Takahiro Nomura tomohiro Akiyama Graduate school of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

The catalytic performance of Ni-containing limonite ore in the dry reforming reaction of methane （CH_4＋CO_2→2H_2＋2CO） was determined before and after hydrogen reduction, and under a flow of hydrogen. After hydrogen reduction, the limonite ore exhibited higher catalytic performance, because of the formation of Fe-Ni. However, the Fe in Fe-Ni was readily oxidized by the input CO_2 gas. resulting in a rapid decrease in the catalytic performance of limonite ore. The performance de- crease was due to a decrease in the Ni surface area; Ni could not dissolve in iron oxides and this caused segregation in the iron oxides. When the reaction was conducted under a hydrogen flow, the Fe-Ni was formed and maintained. Ni was highly dispersed in the Fe-Ni phase, resulting in greater surface area of Ni and higher conversion rate of CH_4 and CO_2. The catalytic performance of the limonite ore was inferior to the Ni/Al_2O_3 catalyst because the effect of catalyst support was small, however, the limonite ore was more stable during catalytic use and much cheaper than the Ni/Al_2O_3.

关键词： Limonite Dry reforming Fe-Ni Catalyst

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Identification of CO_2 disposal locations in an ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第1期28卷 15-24页

作者： XU Yongfu aoki Shigeaki HARADA Koh State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundal7 Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistl＇y Institute of Atmos- pheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institute for Environmental Management Technology National Institute for kdvanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuha lbaraki 305-8569 Japan

A basin-wide ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific is used to identify which location is more efficient for ocean CO2 sequestration in the North *** injection depths at each one of fifteen locations are *** terms of effectiveness index（EI） and escape factor（EF）,it is clear that the effectiveness increases with increasing latitude at the end of the 50 a injection ***-by-site differences in the EI can be over 9% for the 1 000 m injection depth in the western North Pacific at the end of 50 a of continuous *** difference is much larger for the 500 m *** difference decreases with increasing injection ***,the site-by-site difference is small for the injection in the eastern North *** sequestration is more efficient for the injection in the east than in the *** the 500 m injection depth,the difference in effectiveness between the west and the east is over 10% at the end of 50 a injection *** largest concentration of sequestered CO2 increases with increasing injection *** the injection in both the western and central North Pacific,the largest exchange flux always appears to be at about 42°N,150°E,whereas for the injection in the eastern area the large flux appears to be in the equatorial region（120°W）.

关键词： ocean carbon disposal north Pacific Ocean numerical modelling sequestration

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Introduction to the life of Prof. Dr. Franz Oberwinkler (22 May 1939–15 March 2018)

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第4期91卷 1-4页

作者： Takayuki aoki Genetic Resources Center National Agriculture and Food Research Organization(NARO)2-1-2 KannondaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8602Japan

It was for me an unexpected,unhappy announcement,concerning the severe disease that the late *** Oberwinkler had been diagnosed,sent from one of his former students in early February *** suffered from a brain tumor an... 详细信息

关键词： suddenly concerning life

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Time-dependent Calculations for Two-proton Decay Width with Schematic Density-dependent Contact Pairing Interaction

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原子核物理评论 2016年第2期33卷 203-206页

作者： Oishi tomohiro Helsinki Institute of Physics University of Helsinki Department of Physics University of Jyvskyl

We calculate the two-proton decay width of the6 Be nucleus employing the schematic densitydependent contact potential for the proton-proton pairing interaction. The decay width is calculated with a time-dependent method, in which the two-proton emission is described as a time-evolution of a threebody meta-stable state. Model-dependence of the two-proton decay width has been shown by comparing the results obtained with the two different pairing models, schematic density-dependent contact and Minnesota interactions, which have zero and finite ranges, respectively.

关键词： two-proton radioactivity nuclear pairing interaction time-dependent method

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Characteristics of a compression wave propagating over porous plate wall in a high-speed railway tunnel

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第3期17卷 218-223页

作者： T.aoki J.Yamamoto K.Nagatani Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University

A pressure wave is generated ahead of a high-speed train, while entering a tunnel. This pressure wave propagates to the tunnel exit and spouts as a micro-pressure wave, which causes an exploding sound. From the fact that the ballast track tunnel has smaller noise than the slab track tunnel, we have suggested a new inner tunnel model to decrease the noise of the micro-pressure wave, using the ballast effect. Experimental and numerical investigations are carded out to clarify the attenuation and distortion of propagating compression wave over porous plate wall in a model tunnel. Data shows that the strength of the compression wave and a maximum pressure gradient of the compression wave was weakened. These data shows the possibility of the present alleviative method using the porous plate wall in a tunnel.

关键词： High-speed railway tunnel Compression wave Micro-pressure wave Porous wall Alleviative method

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Numerical Simulations of Rarefied Gases in Curved Channels: Thermal Creep, Circulating Flow, and Pumping Effect

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第10期6卷 919-954页

作者： Kazuo aoki Pierre Degond Luc Mieussens Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Universite de Toulouse UPSINSAUT1UTMInstitut de Mathematiques de ToulouseF-31062 ToulouseFrance CNRS Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219F-31062 ToulouseFrance Universite de Bordeaux Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux351cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance

We present numerical simulations of a new system of micro-pump based on the thermal creep effect described by the kinetic theory of *** device is made of a simple smooth and curved channel with a periodic temperature *** the Boltzmann-BGK model as the governing equation for the gas flow,we develop a numerical method based on a deterministic finite volume scheme,implicit in time,with an implicit treatment of the boundary *** method is comparatively less sensitive to the slow flow velocity than the usual Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method in case of long devices,and turns out to be accurate enough to compute macroscopic quantities like the pressure field in the *** simulations show the ability of the device to produce a one-way flow that has a pumping effect.

关键词： Knudsen compressor thermal creep flow transpiration flow BGK model implicit scheme

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Synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques for in situ measurement of hydride formation under several gigapascals of hydrogen pressure

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第36期59卷 5290-5301页

作者： Hiroyuki Saitoh Akihiko Machida Katsutoshi aoki Quantum Beam Science Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Aoba-kuSendai 980-8577 Japan

The high-pressure technique is a fundamental tool for realizing novel phase transitions, chemical reactions, and other exotic phenomena. Hydrogenation is one example of a high-pressure reaction; at high pressures of several gigapascals, hydrogen becomes chemically active and reacts with metals and alloys to form hydrides. This paper covers a high-pressure study of the hydrogenation process and the synthesis of hydrides using a cubic-type multi-anvil apparatus. The experimental details of a hydrogenation cell assembly, high-temperature and highpressure generation, and an in situ observation technique are presented. These experiments are conducted with the aid of in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction measurements operated in an energy-dispersive mode in the conventional manner for time-resolved measurements and a newly developed angle-dispersive mode for observation of the crystal growth process during formation of metal hydrides. Two successful cases of high-pressure hydrogenation are presented: aluminum hydride, Al H3, and an aluminum-based alloy hydride, Al2 Cu Hx, which are potential candidates for hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： X射线衍射技术金属氢化物原位测量氢气压力同步加速器同步辐射X射线衍射高压技术晶体生长过程

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Moxibustion Promotes Formation of Granulation in Wound Healing Process through Induction of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Rats

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第1期26卷 26-32页

作者： Hiroshi Kawanami Hirohisa Kawahata Hiroko-Miyuki Mori Motokuni aoki Graduate School of Health Sciences Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences

Objective:To examine the effect of moxibustion on the wound healing process and its mechanism using a rat wound ***:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-treated group(n=30,wound surgery only)and a moxibustion group(n=30,wound treated with moxibustion).Circular fullthick ness skin wounds were produced in *** was applied to the edge of wound and was continued on alternating days till 14 days after surgery,followed by measurement of wound *** of collagens,prolyl-4-hydroxylase(P4H)and transtorming growth factor-β(TGF-β)were evaluated by histochemical study and real-time polymerase chain ***:The size of the wound lesion was significantly reduced in rats treated with moxibustion as compared to that in sham-treated rats at 4-10 days after wounding(P<0.01).Moxibusti on stimulated mRNA expressi on of collage ns at 4 days(P<0.01),but not at 7 days,accompa nied by enhanced proliferation of P4H-positive *** importanee,expression of TGF-β in tissue from the wound lesio n treated with moxibusti on was sign ifica ntly in creased as compared to that in sham-treated rats at 4 days(P<0.01 or P<0.05),but not at 7 ***:The treatment with moxibustion promoted the wound healing process in the early phase through proliferation of fibroblasts and rapid formation of granulation,possibly mediated by induction of TGF-β which is a key molecule in the physiological process of wound *** can be expected to be effective as complementary treatment for intractable ulcers.

关键词： compleme ntary and alter native medicine moxibusti on wound healing granulation tran storming growth factor-β collagen

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