Purpose: to determine the deep surgical margin and to confirm the surgical clearance of tumor cells intraoperatively, we introduce a new method using ultrasonography (US) in tongue carcinomas。Methods: Fifteen patient...
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Purpose: to determine the deep surgical margin and to confirm the surgical clearance of tumor cells intraoperatively, we introduce a new method using ultrasonography (US) in tongue carcinomas。Methods: Fifteen patients with primary tongue carcinomas (t1, t2) had preoperative US to determine the tumor thickness after endotracheal intubation。When necessary, guiding elastic needles were introduced to mark the deep surgical margin under US monitoring。Immediately after resection using the elastic as a landmark of deep surgical margin, the resected specimen was immersed in gelatin solution maintaining its original shape and orientation and set under refrigeration for solidification。then ultrasound observation of gelatin embedded specimen was performed from the superior surface of the gelatin block。Results: Very fine US images of the resected specimen could be obtained easily without any special skills within 20 minutes and surgical clearance could be verified intraoperatively。the histological margins corresponded to the US margins with consistency ratio of 90% to 96%。Conclusions: this simple method provides more precise and defined margins of tumor resection。Intraoperative US is a promising method to confirm the optimality of surgical clearance in tongue carcinomas。
Background: Surveillance colonoscopy is widely recommended in patients with longstanding and extensive ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to detect colorectalneoplasia at an early stage. However, it still remains questi...
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Background: Surveillance colonoscopy is widely recommended in patients with longstanding and extensive ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to detect colorectalneoplasia at an early stage. However, it still remains questionable whether surveillance colonoscopy effectively enables early detection of UC associated neoplasia. there is a great need for sensitive markers to identify individuals at increased risk of neoplasia. the oestrogen receptor (OR) gene shows age related methylation in the colorectal epithelium and is methylated frequently in sporadic colorectal neoplasia, suggesting that OR methylation may predispose to colorectal neoplasia. Aim: to clarify whether analysis of methylation of the OR gene in non-neoplastic epithelium can contribute to prediction of increased neoplasia risk in UC patients. Materials and methods: Atotal of 165 non-neoplastic colorectal epithelia from 30 patients with longstanding and extensive UC, including 13 UC patients with neoplasia and 17 patients without, were evaluated. Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the methylation status of the OR gene. Results: Methylation of the OR gene was detected in 54 of 70 (77.1% ) non-neoplastic colorectal epithelia in UC with neoplasia but in only 23 of 95 (24.2% ) without neoplasia. Methylation of the OR gene was significantly more frequent in non-neoplastic epithelium from UC with neoplasia than in chronic colitic epithelium from UC without neoplasia. Furthermore, in UC with neoplasia, the OR gene was extensively methylated in non-neoplastic epithelia throughout the colorectum compared with those in UC without neoplasia. Conclusion: these results suggest that analysis of OR gene methylation may have potential as a useful marker for identifying individuals at increased risk of neoplasia among those with longstanding and extensive UC.
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